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The iPad is 40 years old
This document summarizes 40 years of development in human-computer interaction and graphical user interfaces, culminating in the release of the iPad in 2010. It describes seminal events like Doug Engelbart's "Mother of All Demos" in 1968, which introduced concepts like the computer mouse, windows, hyperlinks, and the GUI. It then discusses the work of Alan Kay and Xerox PARC in the 1970s that built on these ideas and helped launch products like the original Macintosh. The document traces the evolution of portable computing through devices like the iPod and iPhone, leading up to the release of the iPad in 2010, 40 years after Engelbart's pioneering work established many core concepts of modern computing.
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The iPad is 40 years old
- 1. The iPad is40 Years Old 40 Years of Invention, Development & Commercialization of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and the Graphical User Interface (GUI) Copyright © Arnold Wasserman 2010
- 2. Doug Engelbart, SRI“ The Mother of All Demos” Dec. 9, 1968 The computer mouse and pointer cursor Display editing Outline processing Multiple remote online users of a networked processor "Linking" and in-file object addressing Multiple windowing Graphical user interface Hypermedia Context-sensitive help Direct object manipulation Integrated text and graphics San Francisco
- 3. http://sloan.stanford.edu/mousesite/1968Demo.html#complete Two-way Videoconferencing With Shared Workspaces
- 4. Engelbart's Unfinished Revolution http://programforthefuture.org/about-us/Engelbart-Mural.jpg/image_view_fullscreen Mural: Co-Evolution of Human Systems & Tool Systems: A Symposium at Stanford University Dec 9, 2008
- 5. Alan Kay’s keen observations of kids at play in the late 1960s and early ‘70s led to foundational developments of personal computing, including object oriented programming, the graphical user interface and portability. “ The best way to predict the future uture is to create it.”
- 6. “ A computershould be as easy to use as an Etch-a-Sketch” 1968
- 7. Alan Kay’s Dynabook First sketches and mockups, 1968,69,70
- 8. XEROX Alto 1980 XEROX PARC Palo Alto Research Center
- 9.
- 10. Microsoft Windows 1985
- 11. Apple “Knowledge Navigator”Simulation 1987 http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docid=-5144094928842683632&hl=en&fs=true style=width:400px;height:326px allowFullScreen=true allowScriptAccess=always type=application/x-shockwave-flash> </embed>
- 12. iPod + iTunes2001 – 2010
- 13.
- 14. HP Compaq Tablet Pc 2006
- 15.
- 16. http://link.brightcove.com/services/player/bcpid713271701?bclid=713073346&bctid=709364416 InteractiveMulti-touch Gestural Interfaces: 1969 – 2010
- 17. GEO-SPACIAL COMMAND &CONTROL BROADCAST MEDICAL INFORMATION VISUALIZATION, EXPLORATION DIGITAL CONTENT CREATION STORYBOARDING, IDEATION FINANCE, MUSEUM EXHIBITION, ENTERTAINMENT, ETC.
- 18. Augmented Reality 1957 – 2010 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9KPJlA5yds&feature=related
- 19. Augmented Reality foriPhone 2010
- 20.
- 21. Apple iPad 201040 Years Later
Editor's Notes
- #5 Try to imagine &quot;personal&quot; computing without the following::ïThe mouse and pointer cursorïDisplay editingïOutline processingïMultiple remote online users of a networked processorï&quot;Linking&quot; and in-file object addressingïMultiple windowsïHypermediaïContext-sensitive helpThese features, which we take for granted in 1998, were unheard of before Doug Engelbart's inquiries into &quot;Augmented Human Intellect&quot; led to a revolutionary vision of the computer, a vision which was revealed to the computer world on December 9, 1968 ...On that day Doug Engelbart and a small team of researchers from the Stanford Research Institute stunned the computing world with an extraordinary demonstration at a San Francisco computer conference. They debuted: the computer mouse, graphical user interface, display editing and integrated text and graphics, hyper-documents, and two-way video-conferencing with shared workspaces. These concepts and technologies were to become the cornerstones of modern interactive computing Stanford University Libraries and the Institute for the Future presented a day-long, public symposium bringing together Engelbart and members of his historic team, along with other computer visionaries, to consider the impact of Engelbart's work on the last three decades of the computer revolution, to explore the challenges facing us today, and to speculate about the next three decades.That landmark 1968 demonstration took place at the American Federation of Information Processing Societies' Fall Joint Computer Conference. At a time when computers were little more than huge number-crunchers, Engelbart and his team's introduction of their two-way interactive system, called NLS (for oN Line System) was a shock.Today the mouse, graphical user interface, hyper-documents, display editing and integrated text and graphics are taken for granted. Other features of NLS, such two-way video-conferencing with shared workspaces, remain more vision than reality even today. And some of NLS' most important elements, such as the concept of bootstrapping, remain so novel that they are all but unknown to the current generation of systems designers.NLS' 1968 demo was a watershed that fundamentally changed the trajectory of the computing revolution, contributing not only ideas, but also many of the people who would later build the systems we would use today. Alumni of the NLS project (and its successor, the Augment project) include many of the most influential figures in Silicon Valley (and elsewhere). Others credit Doug's work in general, and the 1968 demo in particular with influencing their design philosophies. As personal computing pioneer and visionary Alan Kay once observed, &quot;I don't know what Silicon Valley will do when it runs out of Doug's ideas.&quot; t of Doug's ideas.&quot;
- #17 Perceptive Pixel develops and markets the most advanced multi-touch solutions in the world. ur work is driven by the belief that user interfaces have not kept pace with the remendous advances realized in computing power. Perceptive Pixelís graphical ulti-touch interfaces aim to unleash that latent power and make machines usable once again. ur solutions are used in numerous markets including medical imaging, broadcast, efense, energy exploration, geo-intelligence, and industrial design. Perceptive Pixel just won the prestigious 2009 National Design Award from the Cooper Hewitt Museum Design Branch of the Smithsonian Institution
- #18 Perceptive Pixel develops and markets the most advanced multi-touch solutions in the world. ur work is driven by the belief that user interfaces have not kept pace with the remendous advances realized in computing power. Perceptive Pixelís graphical ulti-touch interfaces aim to unleash that latent power and make machines usable once again. ur solutions are used in numerous markets including medical imaging, broadcast, efense, energy exploration, geo-intelligence, and industrial design. Perceptive Pixel just won the prestigious 2009 National Design Award from the Cooper Hewitt Museum Design Branch of the Smithsonian Institution