The document discusses traditional male stereotypes and roles such as protector, provider, and impregnator. It then analyzes how societal changes like wars, economic shifts, feminism, and technology development have impacted traditional masculinity over time. The case study examines the 1980s action hero stereotype represented by Arnold Schwarzenegger in the film "Commando", focusing on his hyper-masculine physical appearance and use of violence as symbols of male power and strength.

2. List the male stereotypes here (and any others you can think of)…

5. 1. The World War (1914 – 1918): Men placed in combat role; toughness, endurance & resilience were demanded of men; Women enter industrial workforce in absence of men 2. The Great Depression (1930’s): Men unemployed, deprived of wage earning ‘breadwinner’ capabilities 3. Feminism (1960’s): Exposure of mens’ power & superiority as a myth; women no longer controlled by men, gaining economic independence; Equality in work & education 4. Industrial & Technological Changes (1980s & beyond): Technology changed the nature of work – less need for heavy graft/manual labour ; Thatcherism & the decline of industry; Growth of ICT Industries 6. The rise of Consumerism, Advertising & Celebrity Culture (1990’s & beyond): Products seen as indicators of personal success; Importance placed on self image/appearance; Counter-balanced by the ‘new lad’ & overstated heterosexuality 5. The Gay Movement & the advent of Gay Culture (1980’s & beyond): Goal of social acceptance and equality for all sexual identities; Challenges the equation of heterosexuality = acceptable manliness

6. Case Study 1: Heroes

9. Clip: Commando As you watch the clip make notes on the film techniques used to highlight Arnie’s masculinity. (4.12 – 6.02)

10. Use of ECU’s of ‘tools’/chainsaw/bicep

11. Arnie’s blank stare – displays no emotion

12. Establishes Arnie as the classic ‘hunter/gatherer’ Use of extreme ‘phallic’ symbols – tree trunk/chainsaw (Phallus associated with notions of potency, virility, power)