The Great Depression was caused by the stock market crash of 1929. People were buying stocks on margin and when everyone started selling, millions lost their fortunes. Many banks closed, causing people to lose their homes and live in tents. Shirley Temple was a famous child star during this era who appeared in films and on television to lift people's spirits. FDR introduced the New Deal programs to provide relief, recovery, and reform to help the country get out of the depression.