The document discusses how technology used in education has changed over time and how each new technology was initially criticized. Teachers in 1703 complained that students relied too much on slates instead of memorization. In 1815, principals said students used too much paper and not enough slates. Pens replaced pencils in 1907 according to teachers. Store-bought ink replaced homemade ink in 1929. Fountain pens were criticized in 1941 for being too luxurious. Ballpoint pens were criticized in 1950 for being disposable. Handheld calculators were criticized in 1985 for replacing memorization of math facts. Each new technology was seen as negatively impacting education until it became standard.