Team Electric's proposal at the Annual Meeting of the American Public Transportation Association.

1. Converting Washington, D.C.
to Electric Buses
A Collaborative Presentation by:
Kiwanis Hardine, Micah Orsinger, Jared Adams,
and Philip Rodda

2.  In the nation’s capital, Washington, D.C., take the
current fleet of 1,500 diesel buses, decommission
them, and purchase 1,500 electric powered buses.
 The initial cost of buses and recharging infrastructure
is high
 The cost/savings analysis proves that the buses and
infrastructure will pay for themselves, given time
 This is the smart decision for the city: to increase
profits while also benefiting the environment
Our proposal

3. Spending now, Saving later
 Electric buses cost more up front
 Diesel engine buses cost more to maintain
 The cost of diesel maintenance increases each year
 The cost of electric motor maintenance stays low each year
 If compared as an investment,
it would be a no-brainer to
invest in something now that
will pay dividends in the future;
fully-electric buses for public
transportation in Washington,
D.C.

5. Increasing Ridership
 In May of 2014 alone, D.C. Metro’s buses gave rides to
11,766,849 people.
 Diesel buses are out of service more than electric buses
 By having each bus on the route even 1% more than the
diesel buses, ridership would increase buy almost 1.5 million
fares per year.
 This increase would be gained while still using the same
number of buses, therefore making each bus route more
profitable than when it was serviced by a diesel bus.

6. Infrastructure for the Electric Bus Transition
The desire of this project is to remove Washington DC Metro bus
system to an entirely alternative energy driven power source.
While this idea is simple in concept in reality the application is
quite complicated. This presentation won't delve into the
intimate details, but will rather present an overview of the
project from a macro perspective.
http://w3.siemens.com/topics/global/de/elektromobilitaet/PublishingImages/ladetechnik-
busse/pdf/ebus-hamburg-en.pdf

7. Energy Production “state” of Affairs
https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/power-plants/

8.  Current energy production in the United States of
America is supplied largely by coal and natural gas.
The Washington Post found that coal supplied around
34% of the energy, while natural gas supplied 30%.
 Alternative energy sources account for no more than
approximately 13% of our country's energy
consumption. The states surrounding Washington DC
show a similar deficit in alternative energy production.

9. Energy Consumption in the District of
Columbia

10.  The U.S. Energy Information Administration sites the state annual energy
consumption at more than 175 trillion BTU's in 2014.
 The state produced a minuscule .4 trillion BTUs.
 There is a massive deficit in energy production versus consumption. The
state consumes more than 425 times the amount of energy it produces.

11. Infrastructure and Alternative Energy Production
https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/power-plants/

12.  The District of Columbia has little in the way of resources.
 There is little land that can be devoted to natural energy
projects such as wind harvesting. The city occupy's only
about 68 square miles.
 The US Energy Information Administration identifies the
largest alternative energy production facility is as a solar
facility located on a building's roof. It produces a minuscule
2300 kilowatt hours of energy a year.
 The state sees approximately half of the sunshine days that
strong solar cities in the US do.
 Low wind harvesting potential.
 Potomac River provides the cities only hydrodynamic
energy source.

13. Bus Acquisition
http://ebus.com/about-us/

14.  This is a comparatively simple process with Ebus, a
leader in electric bus technology,as they provide
compelling bus options including:
-Retrofitting of existing buses
-Purchase of new buses
-Variety of bus models
 Technologies provided:
-Lightweight composite construction
-Substantial fuel economy through weight reduction
-Lithium ion batteries option, creating the possibility
of all-day service without the need to recharge
-Standard lithium iron phosphate batteries providing
up to a claimed 125-mile range

15.  The final infrastructure requirement would be the
acquisition and installation of charging stations:
-These can be placed throughout the route
-Ideally placed at route turn around
 Charging buses at these takes just minutes
 Provide the ability for buses to leave the terminal and
not return until evening
 Stations require little, being limited too:
-Small concrete pad
-Adequate power source
-Appropriate real estate

16. As of April, 2016, The U.S. Energy
Information Administration (EIA)
estimates that diesel transportation
resulted in approximately 440 million
metric tons of CO2 emissions.
One gallon of diesel fuel produces
22.38 pounds of CO2
http://www.tercenter.org

17. Washington DC currently has a fleet of 1500
buses used for public transportation. If
every bus has a fuel capacity of 100 gallons
of diesel, and uses one tank of gas a day,
then each bus is producing 2238 pounds of
carbon dioxide a day.
If 1500 buses are producing 2238 pounds
of 𝐶𝑂2 a day, then Washington DC’s fleet is
producing 3,357,000 pounds a day, and
1,221,948,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a
year!
http://www.dentons.com

18. The average cost of a diesel bus is $450,000 while
the average cost of an electric bus is $700,000.
While the initial cost of an electric bus is much
higher, the overall cost in the long run favors
electric buses.
Washington DC’s fleet of buses, based off of
current prices is approximately $675,000,000. To
replace the entire fleet, it will cost approximately
$1,050,000,000.
Estimating that a diesel bus burns one tank of gas a
day, based off of the current $2.40 a gallon average
price of diesel in the Eastern United States, DC’s
fleet would cost $131,040,000 in fuel. Electric
buses on the other hand, based off of the national
average of eleven cents a day per kilowatt/hour
(kWh) would only cost $36,360,000. That’s a
savings per year of $94,680,00! Since the operating
costs for the fleet would be lower, savings could
carry over directly to the public with lower fare
prices, enticing more people to ride the bus rather
than drive their own vehicles, further reducing
carbon dioxide emissions.

19. Using a baseline of $2.40 a
gallon for diesel fuel and $0.11
a kWh for electricity, this chart
represents the amount of
money that would be spent in
fuel costs. Diesel 100 reflects
the 100-gallon capacity fuel
tank in most buses, while 600
kWh represents the average
battery capacity of the newer
models of electric buses.
Electric buses travel an
average equivalent of 20 miles
per gallon and the average
charge will carry an entire
day’s worth of passengers. A
diesel bus’s average fuel
consumption is four miles per
gallon.
Diesel 100
Electrric 600 kWh
$0.00
$200,000,000.00
$400,000,000.00
$600,000,000.00
$800,000,000.00
$1,000,000,000.00
$1,200,000,000.00
$1,400,000,000.00
Cost/Day Cost/Year Cost/10 Years
Diesel/Electric Fuel Costs
(Based off of Washington DC's Current Fleet of 1500 Buses)
Diesel 100 Electrric 600 kWh

20. $0.00
$200,000,000.00
$400,000,000.00
$600,000,000.00
$800,000,000.00
$1,000,000,000.00
$1,200,000,000.00
$1,400,000,000.00
Cost for 1500 Cost of Fuel Total Costs
after 10 Years
Difference
Diesel/Electric Total Cost Comparison
(Based off of Washington DC's Current Fleet of 1500 Buses
Diesel 100 Electric
This chart is a comparison of
total costs, including purchasing
and fuel costs. At the end of a
ten year span, and not taking
maintenance costs in to
consideration, replacing
Washington DC’s fleet of diesel
buses would save the city
$225,039,000, while eliminating
12,219,480,000 pounds of
carbon dioxide pollution from
entering the Earth’s
atmosphere.

21. Washington DC is the Nation’s capital and as such
should lead by example, making renewable energy a
priority in their public transportation system.
Alternative energy in public transportation could be
proven to be more than just a fad; rather it can be
proven to be the next step in the evolution of mass
transit. Not only will implementation of this
proposal reduce costs to the city in the long run,
savings that in turn can carry over and entice more
people to utilize public transportation, but reduce
pollution and eliminate a major source of carbon
dioxide emissions.

22.  There is be no denying that electric buses is a smarter
choice than continuing with diesel buses.
 Only based as a financial decision, it makes sense.
 Saves D.C. money, while also making more per bus for
the next 20-30 years.
 Stops polluting the air, and sets the standard for the
rest of the United States
In conclusion