Teaching Orthopaedic Surgery from my perspective

1. Strategies to Teach
Orthopaedics
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

2. Doctor ? Teacher
=
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

3. Where are our credentials to teach?
 4 years college
 4 years medical school
 5 years internship and residency
 1 or 2 years fellowship
 0 minutes learning to teach
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

4. Are we ineffective teachers?
s We tend to teach
the way we were
taught
s ABCDs of surgical
teaching:
² Abuse
² Blame
² Criticize
² Dump
² Exhaustion
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

5. The effective teacher...
…causes
…causes others to want what
they have and are doing.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

6. How we are taught changes...
q Pre-adult learning q Adult learning
s Classroom-oriented s Oriented towards
v Teacher-focused interesting or
w Relevance relevant material
v Learner-focused
unnecessary
x Facts w Used to solve real
² Reward/punishment problems
x Principles and
artificial
concepts
² Benefit/risk real
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

7. The perception of the students...
…is the most important factor
teachers must deal with--and
trust as reality.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

8. The perception of the
students...
…sometimes
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics
hurts.

9. The educator is the one who
needs to shovel first...
…accomplished with a special
shoveling tool...
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

10. Resident learning tools
s The operating s Goal: surgical skills
room
s The emergency s Goal: competent
department under fire
s The intensive care s Goal: expert
units and wards management
s The research s Goal: complete
setting understanding
s The lecture s Goal: anticipate
s ????? s Goal: foundation
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics building

11. Characteristics of a Good Teacher
s Secure
s Encourager
s Transparent
s Persistent
s Successful
s Courageous
s ???????
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

12. Teaching styles
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

13. teach, we are teaching
something else.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

14. Consume, then contribute
s Consumption without contribution =
constipation
s Contribution without consumption =
catabolism
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

15. The Problem
s Not low morale
s Not “the problem
is the problem...”
s Lost Momentum
Get the big MO going!
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

16. Motivation of residents...
...occurs when their
needs (interests,
desires, and drives)
are being met.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

17. Motivation leads to momentum
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

18. Imparting the necessary tools
s Knowledge
s Skills
s Attitude
s Teaching ability
s Competence
s ???????
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

19. Usefulness of a Teacher:
Imparting Knowledge
s Lectures a synthesis of information
s Questions are to be savored
s Excites the resident with relevance
s ???????
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

20. Usefulness of a Teacher:
Imparting Skills
s Occurs through the level of
conscious competence
s Guides resident through methodical
technical steps
s Skills laboratories
s ???????
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

21. Usefulness of a Teacher:
Imparting Attitude
s Ethics
s Behavior
s ?????
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

22. Usefulness of a Teacher:
Imparting Attitude
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

23. Usefulness of a Teacher:
Imparting Teaching Ability
Only when our residents
are successful teachers can
we count ourselves as
successful teachers.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

24. Usefulness of a Teacher:
Imparting Teaching Ability
Effectiveness is the only
meaningful measurement
of teaching.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

25. Usefulness of a Teacher:
Imparting Competence
M a tu r a tio n
o f k n o w le d g e a n d s u r g ic a l s k ills
u n c o n s c io u s ly in c o m p e te n t
They don’t know what they don’t know...
c o n s c io u s ly in c o m p e te n t
They know they don’t know...
c o n s c io u s ly c o m p e t e n t
They know they know...
u n c o n s c io u s ly c o m p e te n t
...they know
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

26. They’re Tens
10 10
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

27. Catalysts Facilitating Acquisition
and Development of Learning
s Practice
s Near-peer encounters
s Stress
s Feedback
s ???????
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

28. Giving: the key tool in
Successful Teaching
s Prestige
Giving: s Research
s Ideas
s Credit
s Effects
$$ PRICE
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

29. Rewards from Successful Teaching
s Successful outcome
s Successful outcome by a surgeon
whom we taught
s Successful outcome by a
surgeon who was taught by
someone we taught
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

30. “Flowers leave some of their
fragrance in the hand that
bestows them.” Chinese Proverb
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

31. Teaching to Give in Teaching….
s “Caught, not taught”
s “Sown, then grown”
s “No strings attached”
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

32. Teaching...
…if you want to
coach the
game, you’ve
got to know
how to win.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

33. There is no “I” in TEAM.
There is no “I” in TEACH.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

34. TEACH
To Each A Conquerable Height
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics

35. The most important word in
teach is...
give
to
each.
Strategies to Teach Orthopaedics