1. Aims:
To record information
To help you understand ideas or information
To develop your own ideas about your topic

2. USING JOURNAL AND TEXTBOOKS TO
IMPROVE SS READING COMPREHENSION
Journal can make students develop their
reading comprehension than textbooks.
IMPROVING CHILDREN SPEAKING ABILITY
THROUGH PUPPET SHOWS AND PICTURES
Story telling by using puppet is more
interesting than pictures to improve speaking
ability in children

3. Types of Notes:
(a) direct quotation (indicated by
quotation marks)
(b) Sum-up (Taking only important points)
(c) paraphrase (using your own words and
sentences)
(d) combination
direct quotation and paraphrase
note:
Don’t forget to write name of author (editor if
any), title of the book/journal/article, year of
publication, page no, place(city) and name of
publishers, and date of access if online sources.

4. Original text
(Boardman and Frydenberg
2002, 7)
To succeed on the TOEFL test, which is one type of
standardized test, it is important to keep certain
points in mind. First, you must know the subject
area well. For example, to do well on the TOEFL
test, you must be fairly fluent in English. That
is, you cannot learn English just to succeed on the
test. Second, you should learn the format and test-
taking strategies used in the TOEFL test. The goal
of the test is to weed out nonfluent speakers, so
some of the questions are tricky. If you learn the
tricks, you can do better on these types of
questions. Finally, it is a good idea to be rested
and alert when you take the test. It means that
cramming all night before the test usually doesn’t
help. You should arrive at the test awake and
clear-headed.

5. ( TOEFL TEST) (Boardman and Frydenberg 2002, 7)
 Direct Quotation
“To succeed on the TOEFL test, which is one
type of standardized test, it is important to
keep certain points in mind.”
b. Summary
There are three important thing to do in order
to succeed taking TOEFL test: knowing the
subject well, learning the format and test-
taking strategy, and being relaxed when
taking the test.

6. ( TOEFL TEST) (Boardman and Frydenberg 2002, 7)
C. Direct quotation and Summary
“To succeed on the TOEFL test, which is one type of
standardized test, it is important to keep certain points in
mind …. First, you must know the subject area well ….
Second, you should learn the format and test-taking
strategies used in the TOEFL test …. Finally, it is a good idea
to be rested and alert when you take the test ….”
Four ellipsis points (. . . .) show omission of words between
sentences.
D. Paraphrase
Understanding the subject matter, being familiar with the
format and test-taking strategies, and being relaxed and
attentive when taking the test are the key success in
taking the TOEFL test.

7. D. Combination
An examinee will succeed in taking the
TOEFL test if he or she remember three
important points: (1) “knowing the subject
area well,” (2) “learning the format and
test-taking strategies used in the TOEFL
test,” and (3) “being rested and alert” when
taking the test.

8. Teacher Role (Celce-Murcia and Olshtain
2000, 17)
Direct Quotation
“Teachers in the new learning setting are expected
to become reflective researchers who evaluate and
rethink their approaches, attitudes, and methods of
presenting new subject matter to students, at every
stage in the teaching/learning process. They are no
longer the only decision maker in this process
since learners share and become partners in the
process; teachers, however, have a new and very
important role to play by becoming personal
mentors for individual students, coaching and
guiding them to become autonomous learners.”

9.  Sum up
To help students be
independent, teachers have the role of
counselors and evaluate their methods in
the new learning setting.
 Paraphrase:
In the new learning setting, teachers
should assess and consider their
approaches and methods and help their
students become independent.

10.  Combination
In the new learning setting, teachers are
hoped to be “ reflective researchers” . . .
., have to mentor, coach, and guide their
students in order to “become autonomous
learners.”

11. THANKS
WISH
YOU LUCK