This document provides information about a case study involving a 75-year-old patient named Clare who suffered a traumatic brain injury and now lives alone. She has poor physical and mental health as well as depression, anxiety, and obsessive compulsive disorder. The document outlines her health issues, needs assessment, and proposed interventions including installing non-slip flooring, exposure therapy for OCD, and cognitive behavioral therapy. It discusses skills like communication, teamwork, and information sharing needed by nurses to effectively promote patient health and conduct interventions.

1. Summative Assignment (Case Study)
Company Name: Home Of Dissertations
Website: https://www.dissertationhomework.com
Contact Number: +44 7842798340
CONNECT NOW

2. Summative Assignment

3. Introduction
• The health promotion of service users or patients is required to
empower and engage the individuals in adopting healthy behaviour
for making changes which lower their risk of developing chronic
diseases (Fertman and Allensworth, 2016).
• Thus, health promotion is essential for control and prevention of
chronic illness among individuals to ensure them better health and
well-being. In this presentation, health promotion approaches which
allow people to develop informed healthcare choices are to be
critically appraised.
• Moreover, the knowledge and skills required by the nurses for
systematic health promotion are to be critically discussed.

4. Biography of the Patient
• NMC Code ensures keeping patient’s personal information
confidential (NMC, 2018)
• Clare is a 75-year-old African American female who has suffered
traumatic brain injury and lives along at home

5. Identifying key health issue and risk
• Poor physical and mental
health
• Traumatic brain injury
• Depression, anxiety and
obsessive compulsive
disorder (OCD)

6. Defining Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
• In the UK, the Trauma Audit and Research Network mention that
since 2014 for the last 10 years a total of 49,594 patients are
reported to have faced traumatic brain injury. However, among
them, a total of 26,862 people (54%) were found to be above the age
of 60 years who have suffered from TBI and needed medical
attention (TARN, 2017).

7. Contd..
• 60% of the falls among elderly of 70-79 years of age occurred
indoors compared to only 39% of falls occurring outdoors among
the elderly that leads to their traumatic brain injury (TARN, 2017).

8. Health impact of TBI
• The traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads individuals to experience
seizures in the early stages.
• In case of severe TBI, it is seen that tear occurs on the meningitis
layers surrounding the brain and may lead the person experience
vertigo that causes dizziness after TBI among the affected
individuals (Maas et al. 2017).

9. Contd..
• The study by Brander et al. (2016) mention that traumatic brain
injury which may cause localised damage to the brain is responsible
to trigger symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder as an impact
of the condition.

10. Causes of TBI
• The causes of TBI include collision with objects, accident, assaults
and falls (Pöttker et al. 2017).

11. Needs Assessment
• The needs assessment is referred to the systematic process of
reviewing hindrances in health faced by patients for identifying and
addressing the needs of the patients to ensure them enhanced health
condition (Harrison et al. 2017).
• The needs assessment of Clare is executed by the nurses through
organisation of an interviewing where effective and detailed
interaction with her is developed to understand her key needs and
demands regarding health after TBI to be fulfilled to ensure her
well-being.

12. Contd..
• The needs assessment of Clare informs that she requires a slip-free indoor
environment so that occurrence of such falls that leads to brain injury can
be prevented in future.
• Moreover, Clare needs physical support to manage her everyday chores as
TBI has made her physical weak out of experiencing dizziness in managing
her everyday work.
• She reported to need mental health assistance to cope with OCD,
depression and stress which has presently affected her emotional and
psychological health in an adverse way making her feel mentally weak to
lead her life.

13. Skills and knowledge required by nurses for
executing health promotion and health intervention
to enhance health of individuals
• Communication Skill:
• Team working:
• Information sharing:

14. Overview of Intervention
• Clare is to be provided person-centred care as intervention so that
specific intervention that is centred around to meet her specific
needs is able to be provided by the nurses and healthcare
professionals.
• The person-centred care approach intervention would include the
following:
• Slip-free bathroom (Alshammari et al. 2018)
• Support in executing daily chores
• Home visits
• Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) therapy for managing
OCD (Blakey et al. 2019)
• Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for managing depression and stress
(Andersen et al. 2016)

15. Approaches for intervention- Empowerment
approach
• The empowerment approach for health promotion has the key aim to make
individuals or patients gather enhanced control over their decisions and
actions in managing their health.
• Aim: To increase Clare’s ability in self-management of symptoms of TBI
and mental health condition
• Objective:
• To empower Clare to use non-slip floor mats in the bathroom and maintain
balance during slips
• To empower Clare to involve in meditation and yoga for ensuring enhanced
mental health condition

16. Contd..
• Process:
• The nurses are to share information regarding self-management of
TBI and mental health issues to Clare for empowering her to take
actions in promoting her health.
• Criticism of approach
• The criticism with implication of empowerment approach in
promoting health of Clare is as follows:
• Failure of Clare to make rationale choices regarding her care
management
• Inadequate knowledge and skill of Clare for self-management of
TBI and OCD
• Lack of adequate resources present for Clare to support her
empowerment in taking self-management action for enhancing her
mental and physical health

17. Evaluation
• The evaluation in healthcare intervention is referred to assessment
of the extent to which implemented intervention is effective to
accomplish care goals for the patients to enhance their health and
create well-being (Otay et al. 2017).
• The intervention for Clare is to be evaluated through the following
techniques:
• Feedback:
• Monitoring Health:

18. Conclusion
• The above discussion informs that Clare is suffering from traumatic
brain injury (TBI) which has also led her to experience obsessive
compulsive disorder (OCD), depression and stress as additional
health condition.
• The health intervention to be made for promoting health of Clare
includes instalment of non-slip floor mat in bathroom, ERP therapy
for OCD and CBT therapy for managing depression and stress. The
skills and knowledge required by nurses for health promotion and
health intervention include team working, communication and
information sharing skills.

19. References
• tarn 2017, Major Trauma In Older People, Available at: https://www.tarn.ac.uk/content/downloads/3793/Major%20Trauma%20in%20Older%20People%202017.pdf [Accessed on: 8th June
2020]
• Fertman, C.I. and Allensworth, D.D., 2016. Health promotion programs: from theory to practice. USA: John Wiley & Sons.
• NMC 2018, NMC Code of Conduct, Available at: https://www.nmc.org.uk/globalassets/sitedocuments/nmc-publications/nmc-code.pdf [Accessed on: 8th June 2020]
• Lundström, S., Jormfeldt, H., Hedman Ahlström, B. and Skärsäter, I., 2020. Mental health nurses’ experience of physical health care and health promotion initiatives for people with severe
mental illness. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 29(2), pp.244-253.
• Tajima, T., Saito, Y., Kato, R., Kibayashi, Y., Miyachi, M., Lee, I.M. and Oguma, Y., 2018. Awareness of physical activity promotion, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in elderly
Japanese. The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine, 7(2), pp.113-119.
• Carney, N., Totten, A.M., O'Reilly, C., Ullman, J.S., Hawryluk, G.W., Bell, M.J., Bratton, S.L., Chesnut, R., Harris, O.A., Kissoon, N. and Rubiano, A.M., 2017. Guidelines for the
management of severe traumatic brain injury. Neurosurgery, 80(1), pp.6-15.
• Maas, A.I., Menon, D.K., Adelson, P.D., Andelic, N., Bell, M.J., Belli, A., Bragge, P., Brazinova, A., Büki, A., Chesnut, R.M. and Citerio, G., 2017. Traumatic brain injury: integrated
approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. The Lancet Neurology, 16(12), pp.987-1048.
• Brander, G., Pérez-Vigil, A., Larsson, H. and Mataix-Cols, D., 2016. Systematic review of environmental risk factors for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A proposed roadmap from
association to causation. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 65, pp.36-62.
• Randall, D., Thomas, M., Whiting, D. and McGrath, A., 2017. Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): factor structure in traumatic brain injury rehabilitation. Journal of head trauma
rehabilitation, 32(2), pp.134-144.
• Pöttker, B., Stöber, F., Hummel, R., Angenstein, F., Radyushkin, K., Goldschmidt, J. and Schäfer, M.K., 2017. Traumatic brain injury causes long-term behavioral changes related to region-
specific increases of cerebral blood flow. Brain structure and function, 222(9), pp.4005-4021.
• Kannus, P., Niemi, S., Parkkari, J., Mattila, V. and Sievänen, H., 2020. Fall-induced hospital-treated traumatic brain injuries among elderly Finns in 1970–2017. Archives of gerontology and
geriatrics, 86, p.103958.
• Harrison, M., Ryan, T., Gardiner, C. and Jones, A., 2017. Psychological and emotional needs, assessment, and support post-stroke: a multi-perspective qualitative study. Topics in stroke
rehabilitation, 24(2), pp.119-125.
• Baek, K.H., Ha, E.H. and Kim, J.K., 2018. A Convergence study on the effect of fundamental nursing practice program applying clinical scenario in nursing college students-Centered self
efficacy, communication skill, nursing skill. Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, 9(11), pp.479-489.
• Song, H.J. and Lee, S.M., 2016. The effects of hospital nurses' self-esteem and communication skill on self-leadership and the quality of nursing service. Journal of Korean Academy of
Nursing Administration, 22(3), pp.220-229.
• Mohamed, S.A. and Fashafsheh, I.H., 2019. The Effect of Simulation-Based Training on Nursing Students’ Communication Skill, Self-Efficacy and Clinical Competence for Nursing
Practice. Open Journal of Nursing, 9(08), p.855.
• Morris, J., 2016. The use of team-based learning in a second year undergraduate pre-registration nursing course on evidence-informed decision making. Nurse education in practice, 21,
pp.23-28.
• Inoue, M. and Tsuru, S., 2016. Information Sharing and the Nursing Practice for the Certified Nurse in Radiation Therapy Nursing. Studies in health technology and informatics, 225,
pp.999-1000.
• Alshammari, S.A., Alhassan, A.M., Aldawsari, M.A., Bazuhair, F.O., Alotaibi, F.K., Aldakhil, A.A. and Abdulfattah, F.W., 2018. Falls among elderly and its relation with their health
problems and surrounding environmental factors in Riyadh. Journal of family & community medicine, 25(1), p.29.
• Blakey, S.M., Abramowitz, J.S., Leonard, R.C. and Riemann, B.C., 2019. Does Exposure and Response Prevention Behaviorally Activate Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? A
Preliminary Test. Behavior therapy, 50(1), pp.214-224.
• Andersen, P., Toner, P., Bland, M. and McMillan, D., 2016. Effectiveness of transdiagnostic cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety and depression in adults: a systematic review and meta-
analysis. Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy, 44(6), pp.673-690.
• Otay, İ., Oztaysi, B., Onar, S.C. and Kahraman, C., 2017. Multi-expert performance evaluation of healthcare institutions using an integrated intuitionistic fuzzy AHP&DEA
methodology. Knowledge-Based Systems, 133, pp.90-106.
• Dukhanin, V., Searle, A., Zwerling, A., Dowdy, D.W., Taylor, H.A. and Merritt, M.W., 2018. Integrating social justice concerns into economic evaluation for healthcare and public health: A
systematic review. Social Science & Medicine, 198, pp.27-35.

21. THANK YOU !!
Contact us now
Website: https://www.dissertationhomework.com
Contact Number: +44 7842798340
Connect Now