2. S
Successful communication is linked to Communication Accommodation
Theory (CAT) developed by Giles (1973) who maintained that while
communicating, speakers adjust and shift speech styles consciously or
not, according to context. There are three types of adjustment:
Convergence Divergence Maintenance
Focus on
similarities
Focus on
differences
Non-
modification of
way of speaking
5. Options for preventing misunderstanding in communication
Engaging participation
Raising predictability
Raising transparency
Raising explicitness
Lexicalisation of what is encoded morphologically
Repetition
7. Interpreting and mediating interaction
Baraldi & Gavioli (2010)
In formal
occasions
After-turn
translation
Simultaneous
interpreting
In less
formal
occasions
Consecutive
interpreting
After-
sequence
translation
Negotiation
of translation
8. REFERENCES
• Baraldi, C. and Gavioli, L. (2010). Interpreter-mediated interaction as a way to
promote multilingualism. In B. Meyer and B. Apfelbaum (eds), Multilingualism at
Work: From Policies to Practices in Public, Medical and Business Settings (pp. 141–
162). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
• Bell, A. (1984). Language style as audience design. Language in Society, 13, 145–
204
• Coupland, J. (2000). Introduction: Sociolinguistic perspectives on small talk. In J.
Coupland (ed.), Small Talk (pp. 1–26). Harlow: Longman.
• Giles, H. (1973). Accent mobility: A model and some data. Anthropological
Linguistics, 15, 87–105.
• Firth, A. (1996). The discursive accomplishment of normality: On ‘lingua franca’
English and conversation analysis. Journal of Pragmatics, 26, 237–259
• Mauranen, A. (2006). Signaling and preventing misunderstanding in English as
lingua franca communication. International Journal of the Sociology of Language,
177, 123–150. Reprinted in Zhu Hua (ed.) (2011), The Language and Intercultural
Communication Reader (pp. 238–256). London: Routledge.