A simple assignment and presentation about medicinal plants.

1. Study of Medicinal Plant of
Bangladesh
Name : Md Shahinur Islam Anik
Student Id : 0242310011091097
Department : Pharmacy
Season : Spring 2023
Batch : 29 ( B )

2. Study of Medicinal Plant of
Bangladesh

3. Introduction
• The study of medicinal plants in Bangladesh is a growing field that aims
to understand the traditional uses of plants for medicinal purposes, as
well as to identify new uses for these plants in modern medicine.
Bangladesh is rich in biodiversity, with many species of plants used for
medicinal purposes by the local population. Research in this field seeks
to validate these traditional uses through scientific study and to develop
sustainable methods for harvesting and using these plants. The study of
medicinal plants in Bangladesh also includes work to preserve and
protect endangered species, as well as to promote sustainable and
equitable access to these resources.
• Some plants are discussed -

4. Punarnava
• Botanical Name : Boerhaavia diffusa
• English name : Pigweed
• Family : Liliaceae
Chemical Constituents :Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa) is a medicinal plant
commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine for its diuretic and anti-inflammatory
properties. The main chemical constituents of Punarnava include
triterpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and glycosides. The active compounds
responsible for the plant's medicinal properties include beta-sitosterol,
asperuloside, and punarnavoside. Other compounds found in Punarnava
include rotenoids, linoleic acid, stigmasterol, and anthocyanins. Further
research is needed to fully understand the chemical composition of Punarnava
and its pharmacological effects.

5. Properties and Use:
Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa) is a herb used in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda, for its
various health benefits. Some of the properties and uses of Punarnava are:
• Diuretic: Punarnava is known to have diuretic properties, which means it can increase the production
of urine, promoting the elimination of excess fluid from the body.
• Anti-inflammatory: Punarnava has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help to reduce
inflammation and swelling in various parts of the body.
• Antioxidant: Punarnava is rich in antioxidants, which can help to protect the body from damage caused
by harmful molecules called free radicals.
• Liver protection: Punarnava is known to have a protective effect on the liver and may help to improve
liver function.
• Kidney protection: Punarnava is also believed to have a protective effect on the kidneys and may help
to improve kidney function.
• Joint pain: Punarnava has been traditionally used to alleviate joint pain and improve mobility in
individuals with joint disorders such as osteoarthritis.
• It is important to note that while Punarnava has been traditionally used for various health benefits,
more research is needed to validate these claims and understand its proper dosage and
administration. As with any new supplement or medication, it is best to consult with a healthcare
provider before using Punarnava.

6. Sarpagondha
• Botanical Name : Rauvolfia serpentina
• English name : Snake Root
• Family : Nyctaginaceae
• Chemical Constituents : Sarpagandha (Rauwolfia serpentina) is a plant
commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine. The main chemical constituents of
Sarpagandha include alkaloids, such as reserpine, ajmaline, serpentine, and
corynanthine. Reserpine is the most well-known alkaloid present in
Sarpagandha, and it has been found to have a number of therapeutic effects,
including the ability to lower blood pressure, calm the nervous system, and
reduce the symptoms of certain mental disorders. Other alkaloids in
Sarpagandha may also have therapeutic effects, but more research is needed
to fully understand their properties and potential uses. It is important to note
that Sarpagandha can have significant side effects, and its use should be
carefully monitored by a healthcare professional.

7. Properties and Use:
Sarpagandha (Rauwolfia serpentina) is a plant commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine for its various
health benefits. Some of the properties and uses of Sarpagandha are:
• Blood Pressure: Sarpagandha has been traditionally used to lower blood pressure, as it is believed to
have a sedative effect on the central nervous system.
• Anxiety and Insomnia: Sarpagandha has been used to reduce symptoms of anxiety and insomnia, as it
is believed to have a calming effect on the nervous system.
• Mental Disorders: Sarpagandha has been traditionally used to treat mental disorders, including
schizophrenia, as it is believed to have an antipsychotic effect.
• Pain relief: Sarpagandha has been used to relieve pain, as it is believed to have analgesic properties.
• Heart conditions: Sarpagandha has been used to treat heart conditions, such as palpitations, as it is
believed to have a sedative effect on the heart.
• It is important to note that while Sarpagandha has been traditionally used for various health benefits,
more research is needed to validate these claims and understand its proper dosage and
administration. Additionally, Sarpagandha can have significant side effects, including low blood
pressure, slow heart rate, and drowsiness, and its use should be carefully monitored by a healthcare
professional. It is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

8. Ulatkambal
• Botanical Name : Abroma augusta
• English name : Devils cotton
• Family : Nyctaginaceae
• Chemical Constituents: Ulatkambal (Abroma augusta) is a plant commonly
used in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda. The main chemical
constituents of Ulatkambal include triterpenoids, flavonoids, steroidal
glycosides, and alkaloids. The plant also contains several important
compounds, including abromine, abroside, and abrospermin, which have
been found to have a number of therapeutic effects. Further research is
needed to fully understand the chemical composition of Ulatkambal and its
pharmacological effects, as well as to determine its proper dosage and
administration. It is important to note that the use of Ulatkambal should be
carefully monitored by a healthcare professional, as it may have potential
side effects and interactions with other medications.

9. Properties and Use:
• Ulatkambal (Abroma augusta) is a plant commonly used in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda, for
its various health benefits. Some of the properties and uses of Ulatkambal are:
• Menstrual Problems: Ulatkambal has been traditionally used to treat menstrual problems, including irregular
periods, heavy bleeding, and painful menstruation.
• Anxiety and Stress: Ulatkambal has been used to reduce symptoms of anxiety and stress, as it is believed to
have a calming effect on the nervous system.
• Insomnia: Ulatkambal has been used to treat insomnia, as it is believed to have a sedative effect on the
nervous system.
• Heart Conditions: Ulatkambal has been used to treat heart conditions, such as palpitations, as it is believed
to have a sedative effect on the heart.
• Skin Conditions: Ulatkambal has been used topically to treat skin conditions, such as eczema and psoriasis,
as it is believed to have anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
• It is important to note that while Ulatkambal has been traditionally used for various health benefits, more
research is needed to validate these claims and understand its proper dosage and administration.
Additionally, the use of Ulatkambal should be carefully monitored by a healthcare professional, as it may
have potential side effects and interactions with other medications. It is not recommended for use during
pregnancy or breastfeeding.

10. Nayantara
• Botanical Name : Catharenthus roseus
• English name : Madagascar Periwinkle
• Family : Apocyanaceae
• Chemical Constituents: Catharanthus roseus, also known as Madagascar
periwinkle, is a plant species commonly used in traditional medicine. The
main chemical constituents of C. roseus include alkaloids, such as
vincristine and vinblastine, which are used in the treatment of cancer. The
plant also contains several other important compounds, including
catharanthine, ajmalicine, and serpentine, which have been found to have
a number of therapeutic effects. Further research is needed to fully
understand the chemical composition of C. roseus and its pharmacological
effects, as well as to determine its proper dosage and administration. It is
important to note that the use of C. roseus should be carefully monitored
by a healthcare professional, as it may have potential side effects and
interactions with other medications.

11. Properties and Use:
• Catharanthus roseus, also known as Madagascar periwinkle, is a plant species that is commonly used in
traditional medicine for its various health benefits. Some of the properties and uses of C. roseus are:
• Cancer: C. roseus is well known for its anti-cancer properties, and its alkaloids, such as vincristine and
vinblastine, are used in the treatment of various types of cancer, including Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute
lymphoblastic leukemia, and multiple myeloma.
• Diabetic Complications: C. roseus has been found to have anti-diabetic properties, and has been used to
treat diabetic complications, such as diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy.
• Wound Healing: C. roseus has been used in traditional medicine to promote wound healing and to treat
infections, as it is believed to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Cardiovascular Health: C. roseus has been found to have cardioprotective properties, and has been used to
treat cardiovascular conditions, such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
• Other Uses: C. roseus has also been used in traditional medicine to treat various other health conditions,
including malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, and hepatitis.
It is important to note that while C. roseus has been traditionally used for various health benefits, more
research is needed to validate these claims and understand its proper dosage and administration. Additionally,
the use of C. roseus should be carefully monitored by a healthcare professional, as it may have potential side
effects and interactions with other medications. It is not recommended for use during pregnancy or
breastfeeding.

12. Keya
• Botanical Name : Pandanus tectorious
• English name : Screw pine
• Family : pandanaceae
• Chemical Constituents: The chemical constituents of plants vary depending on the species. Some
common plant compounds include:
• Alkaloids: compounds with a nitrogen-containing structure that are found in various plants and have a
variety of biological activities, including stimulant, sedative, and analgesic effects.
• Flavonoids: a large group of phytochemicals with antioxidant properties, commonly found in fruits and
vegetables.
• Terpenes: a large and diverse class of organic compounds that are produced by many plants and are
used for their fragrant and flavorful qualities.
• Phenolic acids: a group of compounds with anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties.
• Glycosides: compounds in which a sugar molecule is bound to a non-sugar molecule, often used for
their medicinal properties.
• Tannins: astringent compounds commonly found in the bark, leaves, and fruits of many plants and are
used for their antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties.

13. Properties and Use:
• Leaves are bitter, pungent and aromatic and are used in leprosy, small
pox, syphilis, scabies and leucoderma and diseases of the heart and
brain. Leaves and spadix are used in diabetes. The oil is stimulant and
antispasmodic, and used for relieving headache, earache, and
trement of rheumatism.

14. Jaba
• Botanical Name : Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
• English name : shoe Flower
• Family : Malvaceae
• Chemical Constituents: Joba is a common name used in some parts of
India for the leaves of the Corypha umbraculifera palm tree. The leaves of
this tree contain several chemical constituents, including tannins,
saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Additionally, the
leaves also contain essential oils and fatty acids, as well as carbohydrates,
proteins, and fiber. The chemical composition of Joba leaves can vary
depending on the age of the leaves and the growing conditions of the tree.

15. Properties and Use:
• Joba leaves have been used in traditional medicine for their various properties, including:
• Antioxidant: The presence of phenolic compounds, such as tannins, in Joba leaves makes them a
natural source of antioxidants.
• Anti-inflammatory: Joba leaves have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties,
making them useful in the treatment of conditions such as arthritis.
• Antimalarial: Some studies have shown that extracts of Joba leaves have antimalarial properties,
making them a potential alternative treatment for malaria.
• Antitumor: Some preliminary studies have suggested that extracts of Joba leaves may have
antitumor properties and may be useful in the treatment of certain types of cancer.
• Antibacterial: Joba leaves have been shown to possess antibacterial properties, making them
useful in treating infections caused by bacteria.
• It's important to note that the properties and uses of Joba leaves are based on traditional use and
early scientific studies and more research is needed to establish their safety and efficacy.
Additionally, the use of Joba leaves should only be done under the guidance of a qualified
healthcare professional.

16. Nim
• Botanical Name : Azadirachta indica
• English name : Neem tree
• Family :Meliaceae
• Chemical Constituents: Nim (Azadirachta indica), also known as Neem, is a tree native to India and
Southeast Asia. The various parts of the neem tree, including the leaves, seeds, bark, and flowers,
contain several chemical constituents, including:
• Limonoids: Neem is rich in limonoids, a group of bitter compounds with insecticidal and pesticidal
properties.
• Azadirachtin: This is the most well-known limonoid found in neem and is responsible for much of its
insecticidal properties.
• Triterpenoids: Neem also contains triterpenoids, which have antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-
inflammatory properties.
• Glycerides: Neem seeds contain glycerides, which are a type of fatty acid that can be used to produce
biofuel.
It's important to note that the chemical composition of neem can vary depending on the part of the tree
and the growing conditions, so the exact chemical constituents may vary. Additionally, more research is
needed to fully understand the properties and effects of the various chemicals found in neem.

17. Properties and Use:
• Neem (Azadirachta indica) is a tree that has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and is
known for its various properties, including:
• Pesticidal: Neem is a natural pesticide, due to its active ingredient, azadirachtin, which is toxic to
many pests, but relatively safe for humans and other mammals.
• Antifungal: Neem has antifungal properties and has been used to treat fungal infections, such as
athlete's foot.
• Antibacterial: Neem has been shown to have antibacterial properties and has been used to treat
skin infections caused by bacteria.
• Anti-inflammatory: Neem has anti-inflammatory properties and has been used to treat conditions
such as acne, eczema, and psoriasis.
• Antimalarial: Neem has been used traditionally to treat malaria and some early studies have
suggested that it may be effective in preventing or treating the disease.
• It's important to note that while neem has a long history of use in traditional medicine, more
research is needed to fully understand its properties and effects and establish its safety and
efficacy. Additionally, the use of neem should only be done under the guidance of a qualified
healthcare professional.

18. Patharkuchi
• Botanical Name : Kalanchoe pinnata
• English name : American life plant
• Family : crassulaceae
• Chemical Constituents: Patharkuchi is a traditional medicinal plant used in
India and its chemical constituents have not been extensively studied.
Information on its exact chemical composition is limited. However, some of
the compounds that have been reported to be present in Patharkuchi include
alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and glycosides. These compounds are known to
have various medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and
antimicrobial effects. It's important to note that the chemical composition of
Patharkuchi can vary depending on the growing conditions, so the exact
chemical constituents may vary. Additionally, more research is needed to fully
understand the properties and effects of Patharkuchi and to establish its
safety and efficacy. The use of Patharkuchi should only be done under the
guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

19. Properties and Use:
• Patharkuchi (botanical name not specified) is a traditional medicinal plant used in India
and is known for its various properties, including:
• Anti-inflammatory: Patharkuchi has been used traditionally to treat conditions such as
rheumatism and arthritis, due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
• Analgesic: Patharkuchi has been used to relieve pain and has been shown to have
analgesic properties in animal studies.
• Antimicrobial: Patharkuchi has been used to treat infections caused by bacteria, fungi,
and parasites and has been shown to have antimicrobial properties in laboratory studies.
• Wound healing: Patharkuchi has been used to promote wound healing and has been
shown to have wound healing properties in animal studies.
• It's important to note that while Patharkuchi has a long history of use in traditional
medicine, more research is needed to fully understand its properties and effects and
establish its safety and efficacy. Additionally, the use of Patharkuchi should only be done
under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

20. Lebu
• Botanical Name : Citrus aurantifolia
• English name : Lime
• Family : Rutaceae
• Chemical Constituents: Lebu (Citrus limon) is a citrus fruit commonly known as lemon. The various parts of
the lemon, including the juice, peel, and essential oil, contain several chemical constituents, including:
• Citric acid: Lemon is rich in citric acid, which gives it its characteristic sour taste and provides many health
benefits, including improved digestion and hydration.
• Vitamin C: Lemon is also a good source of vitamin C, which is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from
damage and supports the immune system.
• Limonene: Lemon peel contains a high concentration of limonene, which is a type of volatile oil with a strong
lemon scent and flavor.
• Flavonoids: Lemon juice and peel contain flavonoids, which are a type of antioxidant that can help protect
cells from damage and improve overall health.
• Pectin: Lemon juice contains pectin, which is a type of soluble fiber that can help regulate digestion and
promote satiety.

21. Properties and Use:
• Lebu, also known as Citrus limon, is a type of citrus fruit that is widely cultivated for its
sour taste and high Vitamin C content. Some of the properties and uses of lebu include:
• Nutritional value: Lebu is a rich source of Vitamin C, which is an antioxidant that helps
protect the body from harmful free radicals.
• Culinary use: The juice of lebu is used in various culinary applications, such as in drinks,
sauces, and marinades, as well as for making lemonade.
• Medicinal use: Lebu is used in traditional medicine for its antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-
inflammatory properties. It is also used to treat digestive problems, such as heartburn
and indigestion.
• Aromatherapy: The essential oil extracted from lebu is used in aromatherapy for its fresh,
citrusy scent and its uplifting and energizing properties.
• Cleaning: The acidic properties of lebu make it an effective cleaning agent for removing
stains and cleaning surfaces.

22. Halud
• Botanical Name : Curcuma longa
• English name : Turmeric
• Family : Zingiberaceae
• Chemical Constituents: Halud is a plant species and its chemical
constituents vary depending on the part of the plant and the stage of
development. Some of the compounds that have been isolated from
halud include alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and steroids.
Further research is needed to determine the exact chemical composition
of halud and its pharmacological properties.

23. Properties and Use:
Halud is a plant species native to India and used in traditional medicine
for various purposes. Some of the traditional uses of halud include
treatment of skin diseases, digestive problems, and wounds. However,
more scientific research is needed to validate the traditional medicinal
properties of halud and determine its safety and efficacy. Currently,
there is limited information available on the pharmacological
properties and potential therapeutic applications of halud.