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1. Students Against Violence and what causes bullying
Students Against Violence and what causes bullyingStudents Against Violence and what
causes bullyingBullying has been an ancient problem in our schools for quite some time. It
is said to be often caused by social factors. Bullying is the act of purposely harming
orthreatening to harm another person through physical or emotion abuse. Bullying can
occur at any location and at any age. Unlike the past, where the perceived notion ofbullying
was restricted to the playground, people realize that bullying can occur almost anywhere. It
can take place at work, home, school or online. When writing abullying essay, you can define
the types of abuse that occur when the act of bullying is carried out. For instance, some
common acts that qualify as bullying include:false gossip, name calling, physical abuse,
verbal abuse, emotional abuse, and threats if the victim does not do what is being askedWe
learn from the NHS ‘ website teens for health’ (2008) that ‘ anyone can be singled out
bybullies.’ The NSPCC found that 31 per cent of children had been bullied atsome point
(Teensfor health, 2008). This being the case, can anyone be bullied? Black and Jackson
(2007) have put forward that there lies ‘ an imbalance of power’ between the parties
involved in bullying.‘ The bully is stronger through social status, physical power, age,
cognitive abilities or skill.’ Isthis imbalance of powerthe same across the genders? There is
an extensive body of literaturethat suggests that boys are more likely than girls to be bullies
as well as victims (Nansel etal.2001; Boulton& Smith, 1994; Boulton& Underwood,1992,
cited in Marsh, Parada, Craven, &Finger, 2004). This doesn’ t mean girls cannot be bullies.
Stephenson and Smith(1989, cited inKumpulainen et al. 1998) found that girls as well as
boys fitted into the ‘ five main groups of people involved in bullying’ . These are:
‘ dominatingbullies, anxious bullies, bully-victims,classical victims, and provocative
victims.’ These traits were also found by Sourander,Helstelä, Helenius and Piha (2000)
tohave clinical implications. Sourander et al.,(2000) notedthat ‘ Bullying is especially
associated with aggressive and antisocial behavior whilevictimization isassociated with
internalizing problems.’ Whitney and Smith, (1989, cited inKumpulainen et al., 1998)
found ‘ bullies to be more prone to have criminal convictions laterinlife, and more likely to
be involved in serious, recidivist crime’ . Are criminal convections later inlife a fair
punishment for their actions? Or should something bedone to help the bully? Physical
bullying includes any physical contact that would hurt or injure a person like hitting,
kicking, punching, etc. Taking something that belongs to someone elseand destroying it
would also be considered a type of physical bullying. In elementary and miIDle schools, 30.5
percent of all bullying is physical bullying. Hitting,pushing, kicking, slapping, spitting,

2. stealing and destroying others properties are all different forms of physical bullying.
Physical bullying may also be taken tothe next step and cross the line of sexual harassment.
Bullying is most common at the miIDle school and high school age, but can also occur in
childhood and adulthood.Verbal is another form of bullying that is well known in the
schools especially elementary schools. Verbal bullying can be very hurtful to a child. Verbal
can includename calling, teasing, intimidation, and racial remarks.Cyber bullying can also be
hurtful. We live in the age of Facebook and Twitter where everything is public and nothing
is off-limits. In recent years, there has been inincrease in school shootings and suicides that
can all be traced back to cyber bullying. Cyber bullying can be defined as bullying that
occurs over the internetthrough email, a social media site, etc. This type of bullying is
increasing mostly due to the fact that there is a certain amount of anonymity that is
involved inworking on the internet. Strangers can say anything to one another without fear
of physical confrontation. While this type of bullying is increasing how we can preventit is
not.We have many parents that do not even realize their child bully other children.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Out of 12.2 million single parent families in 2012,
more than 80% were headed by single mothers. Six out of ten children who live with only
their mother are livingnear or below the poverty line. Living in poverty is stressful and can
have many emotional effects on children, including low self-esteem, increased anger
andfrustration and an increased risk for violent behavior. Besides financial constraints,
other emotional effects of growing up in a single parent household may includefeelings of
abandonment, sadness, loneliness and difficulty socializing and connecting with others.
Many times children will bully other children because of anger.Parents need to make sure
their child understand that bullying is serious and that it will not be tolerated. Try to set up
some simple rules for family interactions.Whenever your child follows the rules, praise him
or her. If your child breaks the rules, consistently enforce some kind of negative
consequence (for example, thewithholding of allowance or other benefits/privileges).
Spend 15 minutes or more of quality time with your child every day. Gain thorough
knowledge into who he or sheis spending time with and what they are doing. It is easier for
children or young people to change their aggressive behavior if they feel they are
reasonably wellliked and listened to by their parents/caregivers. Help your child use his or
her energy and need to dominate in a more positive way, for example, by encouraging
himor her to participate in a sport like basketball or soccer, in which one must play by the
rules. Explore any particular talents your child may have that can be furtherdeveloped to
enhance his or her self-esteem. Bullying can have many effects on a child.Approximately
160,000 children a day stay home from school because they are afraid of being bullied. US
Department ofEducation That’ s over 3 million students a month. A national survey of kids
in grades 6-10, found 13 percent reported bullying others, 11 percent reported being
thetarget of bullies, and another 6 percent said that they bullied others and were bullied
themselves. Experts say the facts are troubling, because bullying too oftenleads to violence,
loss of self-esteem, poor grades, depression and even suicide. Source: National Youth
Violence Prevention Resource Center Suicideamong youngpeople continues to be a serious
problem. According to the CDC suicide is the third leading cause of death of youth between
the ages of 10 and 24. It results inapproximately 4400 lives lost each year. Deaths from

3. youth suicide are only part of the problem. More young people survive suicide attempts
than actually die. Anationwide survey of youth in grades 9-12 in public and private schools
in the United States (U.S.) found that 15% of students reported seriously considering
suicide,11% reported creating a plan, and 7% reporting trying to take their own life in the
12 months preceding the survey. Each year, approximately 149,000 youth between theages
of 10 and 24 receive medical care for self-inflicted injuries at Emergency Departments
across the U.S. Bullying in schools is not a problem that can be solved once and for all.
Therefore, schools should maintain constant readiness to counteract any tendencies
towardbullying in the school environment. This can best be achieved by having a good
bullying prevention program as a standard element in the school environment.
Althoughthere are other anti-bullying programs available, the most noted program is the
one developed in Norway by Dr. Dan Olweus at the University of Bergen. The Olweus
Bullying Prevention Program has been used and evaluated in large-scale studies with quite
positive results in several countries, including the UnitedStates, and it has a strong research
base. What helps make the Olweus program a model is that it builds on a few key principles
that have been found to be important in research on the development andmodification of
problem behavior, especially aggressive behavior, like bullying. First, it is important to
create both a school and home environment characterized bywarmth, positive interest, and
involvement with adults. Second, firm limits against unacceptable behavior need to be
established. Third, non-physical, non-hostilenegative consequences (sanctions) must be
applied if a youth breaks the rules that have been agreed upon and it is expected that the
adults in the school and at homeact as authorities, at least in some respects. The program is
based on an authoritative (not authoritarian) model for the relationship between adults and
children,where teachers are expected to be authorities with responsibility for the students’
total situation, not just their learning. Teachers and parents must get activelyinvolved. This
means that the adults must take responsibility for controlling what is going on among the
students in the school, at least to a certain extent. Oneaspect of this is organizing good
supervision of break times. Furthermore, teachers are encouraged to intervene in situations
that arouse suspicion and to give a clearmessage to the students: We will not accept
bullying in our school, and we will make sure it’ s stopped. Teachers should initiate serious
discussions with victims ofbullying, bullies, and their parents if a problem has been
identified or is suspected. Parents and teachers must closely follow up and monitor the
measures taken.There may not be away to totally stop bullying but there can be measures
used to control it. PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH US
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