This document discusses streaming content as a linear channel. It outlines challenges with reusing existing media files for video on demand (VOD) and providing seamless 24/7 playback. It then explains adaptive streaming and HLS protocols. The document compares VOD and live workflows and describes KKStream's "VOD2Linear" approach, which converts VOD files into a linear format to reduce costs while maintaining quality. Key benefits of this approach are lower server costs, consistent quality between VOD and linear content, and shared CDN caches.

1. Streaming as a
linear channel
Louis Liu
2018/03/28

2. 2
Outline
● The challenges
● Adaptive streaming & HLS 101
● VOD/Linear service workflow
● KKStream Linear service workflow
● The Benefits

3. 3
Video On Demand (VOD)
experience

4. 4
Linear TV experience

5. 5
The challenges
● Reused the existed media files for VOD
● Seamless playback 24/7
○ Concatenate different contents
○ Handle DRM key change
● Seeking operation

6. 6
The challenges
● Reused the existed media files for VOD
● Seamless playback 24/7
○ Concatenate different contents
○ Handle DRM key change
● Seeking operation

7. 7
The challenges
● Reused the existed media files for VOD
● Seamless playback 24/7
○ Concatenate different contents
○ Handle DRM key change
● Seeking operation

8. 8
Adaptive Streaming
(from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_bitrate_streaming)

9. 9
Adaptive Streaming
(from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_bitrate_streaming)

10. 10
MPEG
DASH
HLS
The Two Most Popular
Adaptive Streaming Protocols

11. 11
HLS structure

12. 12
01 VOD
Video on demand
02 Live Event
Turn Live to VOD immediately right after the
live event finished
03 Live
Common in most live events
HLS: 3 kinds of playback type

13. 13
“VOD” media playlist
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:5
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/1.ts
…
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/600.ts
#EXT-X-ENDLIST

14. 14
“Live” media playlist
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:5
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/1.ts
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/2.ts
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/3.ts
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:5
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:1
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/2.ts
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/3.ts
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/4.ts
00:00:15 00:00:1000:00:20

15. 15
“Live” media playlist
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:5
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:2
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/3.ts
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/4.ts
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/5.ts
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:5
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:3
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/4.ts
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/5.ts
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/6.ts
00:00:25 00:00:1000:00:30

16. 16
Playback type: Live vs. VOD
dynamic playlist (Live) vs. static playlist (VOD)

17. 17
VOD service workflow
Transcoding &
Packaging
Source
content
Storage
(DASH/HLS
in VOD)
Content Generation Content Delivery

18. 18
VOD service workflow
CDNStorage
(DASH/HLS
in VOD)
Playback
with
VOD exp.
Content Generation Content Delivery

19. 19
VOD service workflow
Transcoding &
Packaging
Source
content
CDNStorage
(DASH/HLS
in VOD)
Playback
with
VOD exp.
Content Generation Content Delivery

20. 20
Typical Live/Linear service workflow
Live/
Source
content
Content Generation Content Delivery

21. 21
Typical Live/Linear service workflow
Real-time
Transcoding &
Packaging
Live/
Source
content
Content Generation Content Delivery

22. 22
Typical Live/Linear service workflow
Real-time
Transcoding &
Packaging
Live/
Source
content
Storage
(DASH/HLS
in Live)
Content Generation Content Delivery

23. 23
Typical Live/Linear service workflow
Real-time
Transcoding &
Packaging
Live/
Source
content
CDNStorage
(DASH/HLS
in Live)
Playback
with
Linear exp.
Content Generation Content Delivery

24. 24
KKStream Linear service workflow
Content Generation Content Delivery
Storage
(DASH/HLS
in VOD)

25. 25
Real-time
VOD2Linear
engine
Content Generation Content Delivery
Storage
(DASH/HLS
in VOD)
KKStream Linear service workflow

26. 26
Real-time
VOD2Linear
engine
Storage
(DASH/HLS
in Live)
Content Generation Content Delivery
Storage
(DASH/HLS
in VOD)
KKStream Linear service workflow

27. 27
Real-time
VOD2Linear
engine
CDNStorage
(DASH/HLS
in Live)
Playback
with
Linear exp.
Content Generation Content Delivery
Storage
(DASH/HLS
in VOD)
KKStream Linear service workflow

28. 28
Real-time
VOD2Linear
engine
Without
Transcoding &
Packaging
CDNStorage
(DASH/HLS
in Live)
Playback
with
Linear exp.
Content Generation Content Delivery
Storage
(DASH/HLS
in VOD)
KKStream Linear service workflow

29. 29
01 VOD
Video on demand
02 Live Event
Turn Live to VOD immediately right after the
live event finished
03 Live
Common in most live events
HLS: 3 kinds of playback type

30. 30
Concatenate different contents
(challenge #2)
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:5
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:3003
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/xman_3004.ts
#EXTINF:3.000,
http://example.com/xman_3005.ts
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/spiderman_1.ts

31. 31
Dealing with DRM key change
(challenge #2)
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:5
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:5
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:3000
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=SAMPLE-AES,URI="...",KEYFORMAT="com.apple.str
eamingkeydelivery"
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/3001_drm.ts
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=NONE
#EXTINF:5.000,
http://example.com/3002_no_drm.ts
...

32. 32
Dealing with seeking function (challenge #3)
01:00:00
01:00:05
01:59:55
02:00:00
Program switch and reset buffer: need to
take care of #EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE
...

33. 33
“VOD2Linear” workflow

34. 34
01
02
03
The Benefits
by VOD2Linear engine

35. 35
01
Cost saving on server side
workflow (AWS t2.median:
10+ channels)
02
03
The Benefits
by VOD2Linear engine

36. 36
01
Cost saving on server side
workflow (AWS t2.median: 10+
channels)
02
Same visual quality experience
between VOD/Linear contents
03
The Benefits
by VOD2Linear engine

37. 37
01
Cost saving on server side
workflow (AWS t2.median: 10+
channels)
02
Same visual quality experience
between VOD/Linear contents
03
CDN caches are shared across
VOD/Linear playback
The Benefits
by VOD2Linear engine

38. 38
Take away
Another option for
building a linear service
with cost efficiency and
keeping video quality

39. Thank
You
Any Question?
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886-2-2655-0128
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