This document provides an overview of the stock market and investing in stocks in India. It defines what stocks and stock markets are, describes the major stock exchanges in India like NSE and BSE, explains key terms like open, high, low, close, volume, bid and offer. It also discusses stock market conditions like bull and bear markets, how the BSE Sensex and NSE Nifty indices are calculated, and benefits of investing in stocks like increase in share value, dividends, liquidity and tax benefits.
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Introduction, Shares and Share Capital, Birth of Stock Market, Incorporation of a Company, Stock Market?, Functions of Stock Exchange, Stock Exchanges In India, Bombay Stock Exchange, National Stock Exchange, Features of National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI), Purpose of National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI), Role of National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI), Markets of NSE, Trading in Stock Exchange, DEMAT Account, Terminologies of Stock Market, Market Conditions, Calculation of SENSEX, Calculation of NIFTY, Benefits of investing in shares, Causes of Price Fluctuations, HAPPY INVESTMENT WITH LOTS OF PROFITS.
It is the oldest exchange and most of the index heavy weight stocks are traded in this exchange. The BSE 30 includes the top 30 stocks by market capitalization and this represents the Indian Sensex.
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Introduction, Shares and Share Capital, Birth of Stock Market, Incorporation of a Company, Stock Market?, Functions of Stock Exchange, Stock Exchanges In India, Bombay Stock Exchange, National Stock Exchange, Features of National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI), Purpose of National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI), Role of National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI), Markets of NSE, Trading in Stock Exchange, DEMAT Account, Terminologies of Stock Market, Market Conditions, Calculation of SENSEX, Calculation of NIFTY, Benefits of investing in shares, Causes of Price Fluctuations, HAPPY INVESTMENT WITH LOTS OF PROFITS.
It is the oldest exchange and most of the index heavy weight stocks are traded in this exchange. The BSE 30 includes the top 30 stocks by market capitalization and this represents the Indian Sensex.
Analysis of securities listed in national stock exchangeSumit Tomar
To study fundamental and technical analysis of three different companies RIL, ITC and JP Associates.
To evaluate the performance of the companies in last year and in future.
To analyze the movement of stock.
To evaluate the risk and return of the selected securities
This PPT covers all the details on how trading is done and what all are the major stock exchanges in India. The basic process and the technical aspects all are inclusive in this PPT.
Capital markets refers to the institutional arrangement for long term sources of finance. It provides long term funds to the individuals, business enterprises and government.
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Analysis of securities listed in national stock exchangeSumit Tomar
To study fundamental and technical analysis of three different companies RIL, ITC and JP Associates.
To evaluate the performance of the companies in last year and in future.
To analyze the movement of stock.
To evaluate the risk and return of the selected securities
This PPT covers all the details on how trading is done and what all are the major stock exchanges in India. The basic process and the technical aspects all are inclusive in this PPT.
Capital markets refers to the institutional arrangement for long term sources of finance. It provides long term funds to the individuals, business enterprises and government.
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
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A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
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Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
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Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
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Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
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3. STOCK MARKET
• Stocks are issued by companies in order to raise capitals
and are bought by investors in order to acquire a portion
of the company.
• A Stock market is the place where buying and selling of
stocks takes place. Nowadays due to internet and
advanced technology buying and selling of stocks takes
place anywhere in India and also from foreign country,
there is no need to be physical present in exchanges like
NSE and BSE. Stock markets are perfect competitive
market.
4. Stock Exchanges in India
There are 22 stock exchanges in India. But, two of them
are biggest.
NSE (National stock exchange) - is the 11th largest
stock exchange in the world by market capitalization
(US $ 2.27 trillion )and largest in India by and number
of trades, for both equities and derivative trading.
BSE (Bombay stock exchange) - is the oldest stock
exchange in Asia with a rich heritage of over 137 years
of existence and is the 9th largest stock exchange in
the world
5.
6.
7. Bombay Stock Exchange
• Location: Mumbai
• Index: Sensex (SENSitve indEX)
• Consist of group of 30 Stock
• Date of Launch: 01 January 1986
• Base period:1978-79
• Base Index Value:100
• Timing: 09.30 AM – 03.30 PM
• Listed Co. : 5629
8. National Stock
Exchange
• Location: Mumbai
• Index: Nifty (National Stock Exchange Fifty)
• Consist of group of 50Stocks
• Commenced operations :April 1994
• Baseperiod: 1993-94
• Baseindex value: 1000
9. Stock Broker
• A stockbroker is person who is licensed to trade
in shares.
• Brokers also have direct access to the share
market and can act as your agent in share
transactions.
• For this service they charge a fee i.e. brokerage.
• They can also offer additional services like
advice on shares, debentures, government
bonds and listed property trusts and non-listed
investment options (cash management trusts,
property and equity trusts.
10. TRADING IN STOCK MARKET
• The market regulator, the Securities and
Exchange Board of India (SEBI), has made it
compulsory to open the demat account if you
want to buy and sellstocks.
• A person want to buy/sell stocks in the stock
market has to first place his/her order with a
broker or can do themselves using online trading
systems.
• The stocks purchased will be sent to the your
demat account. This process is called Rolling
Settlement Cycle.
11. What is Demat account?
DEMAT stands for DEMATerialization. It is
process in which physical paper shares are
converted into paperless (computerized)form.
In India there are two Depository organizations
called NSDL (National Securities Depository
Ltd.) &CDSL (Central Depository Services India
Ltd.)
Brokers and most of Banks provides facility to
open demat account.
12. Important terms in stockmarket
and in stocktrading
Open- The stock price in beginning of Day(i.e.in
morning).
High - Thestock price reached at the highest levelin
aday.
Low - Thestock price reached the lowest level ina
day.
13. Important terms in stock market and in
stock trading
Close - Thestock price at which it remains after the end
of market timings or the final price of the stock when
the market closesfor aday.
Volume - Volume is nothing butquantity.
Bid - TheBuying price is called asBidprice.
Offer - Theselling price is called offerprice.
14. Stock Market Conditions
There are two ways to describe the general conditions of
the stockmarket:
1)BULLMARKET
2)BEARMARKET
Bull Market -
ABull Market indicates the constant upward movement of
the stock market. A particular stock that seems to be
increasing in value is described to bebullish.
15. Stock Market Conditions
BEAR MARKET
A bear market indicates the continuous downward
movement of the stock market. stock that seems to be
decreasing in value is described to bebearish.
16. How Sensex Index is calculated
• The formula for calculating the sensex =
(sum of Free Float Market capitalization of
30 benchmark stocks)* Index Factor
• Where;
• Index Factor = 100/market cap value in
1978-79.
17. Example on Sensex Index
calculation
• Assume sensex has only 2 stocks namely
SBI and RELIANCE. Total shares in SBI
are 500 out of 200 are held by government
and only 300 are available for public
trading. Reliance has 1000 shares out of
which 500 are held by promoters and 500
are available for trading. Assume price of
SBI stock is Rs. 100 & Reliance is RS.
200.
18. Example on Sensex Index
calculation
• Solution – Then Free Float Cap of these
two company = (300*100+500*200) =
30,000+1,00,000 = 1,30,000
• Assume market cap during the year 1978-
79 was 25000
• Then SENSEX
= 1,30,000*100/25000 = 520
19. Benefits of investing in shares
• Possibility of
increase in value of
share
• Income from dividends
• Easy liquidity
• Tax benefits