The stock market refers to exchanges where public trading of company stocks and bonds occurs. It allows companies to raise money and for businesses to become publicly traded. In India, most trading occurs on two major exchanges - the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange. The BSE is the oldest stock exchange in Asia, while the NSE introduced electronic trading and created important indices like Nifty 50. Regulatory bodies like the Securities and Exchange Board of India oversee the market and protect investors. Individuals can invest in different assets like stocks, mutual funds, bonds, and more through trading accounts and depository services. Fundamental and technical analysis help investors evaluate market and investment opportunities.

1. STOCK MARKET
PRESENTED BY
GAURAV KUMAR

2. INTRODUCTION
The stock market or equity markets refers to the collection of markets and
exchanges where the issuing and trading of equities (stocks of publicly held
companies), bonds and other sorts of securities takes place, either through formal
exchanges or over-the-counter markets,
A stock market or equity market is a market for the trading of company stock
(shares) and derivatives at an agreed price.
A Stock market is one of the most important sources for companies to raise
money. This allows businesses to be publicly traded, or raise additional capital for
expansion by selling shares of ownership of the company in a public market.

3. Indian Stock Exchanges
 The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE.
 The National Stock Exchange (NSE).
 Calcutta Stock Exchange Ltd.
 Metropolitan Stock Exchange (MSE).
 India International Exchange (India INX).
NSE IFSC Ltd etc….
Most of the trading in the Indian stock market takes place on its two stock exchanges:-
 The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)
 The National Stock Exchange (NSE)

4. The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)
BSE is an Indian stock exchange located at Dalal Street, Mumbai. Established in 1875, BSE
is the oldest and first stock exchange of Asia and was formerly known by the name of –The
Native Share & Stock Brokers Association.
In the year 1986, Sensex was introduced, as the first equity index to provide a base for
identifying the top 30 trading companies of the exchange, in more than 10 sectors.
Apart from Sensex, other important indices of BSE are BSE 100, BSE 200, BSE 500, BSE
MIDCAP, BSE SMLCAP, BSE PSU, BSE Auto, BSE Pharma, BSE FMCG, BSE Metal, etc.
As of April 2018, BSE has an overall market capitalization of over $4.9 trillion, which makes
it the 7thth largest stock exchange marketplace in the world.
It also offers varied services such as market data services, risk management, CDSL
(Central Depository Services Limited) depository services, etc.

5. The National Stock Exchange (NSE)
In 1992, for the first time in India, NSE introduced the advanced electronic trading
system which removed the paper-based settlement system from trading and offered an
easy trading facility.
Mr. Vikram Limaye is MD & CEO of NSE.
In the year 1995, National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL) was formed to provide
depository services to the investors.
Nifty 50 the popular benchmark index in the Indian stock market, was introduced by
NSE in the same year. Nifty lists out top 50 companies which traded on the NSE stock
exchange market.
As of may 2021, NSE has an overall market capitalization of over $3.1 trillion, which
makes it the 10th largest stock exchange marketplace in the world.

6. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
The Securities and Exchange Board of India was established
on April 12, 1992 in accordance with the provisions of the
Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992.
SEBI is a statutory body and a market regulator, which
controls the securities market in India.
The basic functions of Sebi is to protect the interests of
investors in securities and to promote and regulate the
securities market. Sebi is run by its board of members. The
board consists of a Chairman and several other whole time
and part time members. The chairman is nominated by the
union government.

7. Types of investments in share market
 Stocks
 Mutual Fund
 Bond
 Options
 Future & Options
 ETF
 Index Fund etc..

8. Trading account

9. Depositary services
Depository services allow investors to hold and transfer securities such as shares, bonds, equities, and mutual
funds in electronic form. It is similar to a bank safekeeping all your cash in an account and facilitating
transactions. The two main depositories in India include:-
 Central Depository Services Ltd. (CDSL)
 National Securities Depository Ltd. (NSDL)
While the Depository System involves paperless trading, a depository agent or a Depository Participant (DP)
coordinates between the depository and the investors.
All brokers are registration under of CDSL & NSDL for online trading of stocks for public, as some brokers as
open to Demat account to start trading.
Some brokers as open to demat account:- Paytm money, Zerodha, Upstox , ICICIdirect, Angel Broking etc..

10. Demat Account

11. Market Condition
Bulls:- Bullish characteristics are when the market is showing
confidence, prices increase and market indicators rise.
Conditions:-
 Unemployment is low
 Stock Rising
 Prices going up
Bear:- Prices hover at the same level and then go down,
indices fall and volumes are stagnant.
Conditions:-
 Unemployment is high
 Stocks decreasing
 Prices going down

12. Fundamental Analysis
Price-to-Earnings (P/E) Ratio
P/E Ratio = (Current Market Price of a Share / Earnings per Share)
Price-To-Book (P/B Ratio)
P/B ratio = Market capitalization / Book value of assets
P/B ratio = Market price per share / Book value of assets per share
Book value of assets = Total assets – total liabilities

13. Technical Analysis
Down trend line
Up trend line

14. Challenges faced by beginners in stock market
Where to investment?
Whose share to buy?
Whose sector to buy?
When to buy & sell the share?
Where to invest in share, Mutual fund, ETF, Future & Option ?
Short term investment or long term investment is better?
SIP In mutual fund or stocks whose better?
 Everyone has been a same problem I am buying share and then price of share is
fall always why?

15. In my opinion
You always before investment in any company to check its fundamental analysis.
You always to buy any share before check technical analysis of the chart as know its
resistance and support.
Always read business news paper.
Find the Right Price to Buy the Stock
Find Low Debt Levels Companies
Select only the companies that you understand
“Learning is more important than earning in the initial days”
THANK YOU