The document provides a comprehensive guide on safely opening sharps containers used for the disposal of needles and other sharp medical instruments. It outlines the types of sharps containers, the importance of proper handling to prevent injuries and infections, and detailed step-by-step instructions for opening them, including safety protocols. Key considerations include using personal protective equipment, adhering to locking mechanisms, and ensuring compliance with regulations.

1. How to open a sharps container
Sharps containers are essential in any healthcare setting or environment
where needles, syringes, and other sharp instruments are used. These
containers are specifically designed to safely store and dispose of sharps to
prevent injuries and the spread of infections.
While disposing of sharps is straightforward, opening a sharps container
requires careful attention to safety protocols. This guide will provide
detailed instructions on how to open a sharps container safely and
effectively.

2. What Are Sharps Containers?
Sharps containers are puncture-resistant containers used to dispose of needles, lancets,
syringes, and other sharp medical instruments. These containers are crucial for preventing
needlestick injuries, which can lead to the transmission of bloodborne pathogens such as
HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Sharps containers come in various sizes and types,
including single-use and reusable models, with specific features designed to ensure safe
disposal and handling.
Why Proper Handling of Sharps Containers is Crucial
Preventing Needlestick Injuries: Sharps containers are specifically designed to reduce the
risk of needlestick injuries. However, if not handled properly, these risks can increase
significantly.
Preventing Contamination and Infection: Proper handling and disposal of sharps are vital to
prevent cross-contamination and the spread of infectious diseases.
Compliance with Regulations: There are stringent regulations governing the disposal of
medical waste, including sharps. Proper handling of sharps containers ensures compliance
with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines and local
regulations.

3. Ensuring Environmental Safety: Correct disposal of sharps helps protect sanitation workers
and the general public from potential hazards associated with improperly discarded medical
waste.
Types of Sharps Containers
Before we delve into the steps for opening a sharps container, it’s essential to understand the
different types of containers available:
Single-Use Sharps Containers: These are designed for one-time use and are disposed of
along with the contents. They are often used in clinics, hospitals, and other healthcare
settings.
Reusable Sharps Containers: These are designed to be emptied, sanitized, and reused
multiple times. They are more environmentally friendly and cost-effective in the long term.
Portable Sharps Containers: These are smaller, portable containers used by patients who
need to manage sharps at home or on the go. They are designed for convenience and safety
during transport.

4. Understanding Sharps Container
Locking Mechanisms
Sharps containers typically have locking mechanisms
that secure the lid to prevent spillage and access to the
contents. Understanding how these locking
mechanisms work is essential before attempting to
open the container. There are generally two types of
locking mechanisms:
Temporary Lock: This allows for repeated opening and
closing, which is useful for containers that will be filled
over time.
Permanent Lock: This is designed to lock the container
permanently when it is full and ready for disposal. Once
engaged, it cannot be reopened without breaking the
container.

5. Step-by-Step Guide to Opening a Sharps Container
Step 1: Preparation
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Before handling a sharps container, ensure you
are wearing appropriate PPE, including gloves, goggles, and a gown, if necessary. This
protects you from potential exposure to hazardous materials.
Clear the Area: Ensure the area where you will be opening the container is clean and
free from any unnecessary items that could interfere with the process.
Check the Fill Level: Make sure the sharps container is not overfilled. Containers
should be replaced when they are three-quarters full. Overfilled containers pose a
higher risk of needle stick injuries.

6. Step 2: Inspect the Sharps Container
Examine the Locking Mechanism: Determine if the container is in a temporary or
permanent lock mode. If the container is in permanent lock mode, it should not be opened,
as this indicates the container is full and ready for disposal.
Check for Damage: Inspect the container for any signs of damage or punctures that could
pose a risk when opening.
Step 3: Position the Sharps Container
Place on a Stable Surface: Ensure the container is on a flat, stable surface to prevent tipping
or falling.
Secure the Container: Some sharps containers have features that allow them to be mounted
on walls or secured to surfaces. Ensure these features are properly engaged to prevent the
container from moving during the opening process.

7. Step 4: Unlocking the Sharps Container
Temporary Lock: If the container is in a temporary lock mode, locate the
unlocking mechanism. This is often a button or lever that needs to be
pressed or slid to release the lid.
Open Carefully: Once the lock is disengaged, slowly lift the lid. Do not
force the lid open, as this could cause the contents to spill.
Avoid Direct Contact: Keep your hands and body parts away from the
opening to avoid accidental contact with the contents inside.

8. Step 5: Accessing the Contents
Remove the Contents Carefully: If you need to remove any sharps or other contents from
the container, use a pair of forceps or tongs. Never use your hands to remove items from a
sharps container.
Transfer to a New Container: If transferring sharps to another container, ensure the receiving
container is also a designated sharps container that is puncture-resistant and has a proper
locking mechanism.
Step 6: Re-Securing the Container
Close the Lid: After accessing the contents, securely close the lid. Make sure the locking
mechanism is engaged to prevent any accidental openings.
Engage Permanent Lock: If the container is full and ready for disposal, engage the
permanent lock. This is usually indicated by a click or a visual cue that the lid is sealed.

9. Best Practices for Opening Sharps Containers
Do Not Overfill: Never attempt to open or access an overfilled sharps container. Overfilled
containers increase the risk of exposure to sharps and biohazardous materials.
Follow Manufacturer Instructions: Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for opening
and handling the sharps container. Different models may have specific requirements or
recommendations.
Regular Training: Ensure all personnel handling sharps containers are trained in proper
procedures to minimize risks.
Dispose of Damaged Containers Properly: If a sharps container is damaged or compromised,
do not attempt to open it. Instead, follow your facility's protocols for disposing of damaged
containers.

10. Safety Considerations When Opening a Sharps Container
Avoid Hand Contact: Never place your hands inside a sharps container, even if you are
wearing gloves. Use appropriate tools, such as forceps or tongs, to handle the contents.
Use a Safe, Designated Area: Always open sharps containers in a designated area that is away
from patient care or high-traffic zones. This minimizes the risk of exposure to others.
Be Aware of Local Regulations: Different regions may have specific regulations regarding the
handling and disposal of medical waste. Be familiar with and comply with all local laws and
guidelines.
Proper Disposal of Contents: After opening a sharps container, ensure that all contents are
disposed of according to your facility’s protocols and regulations. Do not leave opened
containers unattended or in areas accessible to unauthorized personnel.

11. Handling Overfilled or Damaged Sharps Containers
Opening an overfilled or damaged sharps container can be extremely hazardous. If you
encounter an overfilled container:
Do Not Attempt to Open It: Overfilled containers should be sealed and placed in a
secondary containment bag or container before disposal.
Contact Your Medical Waste Disposal Provider: In cases of overfilled or damaged
containers, contact your medical waste disposal provider, such as SD MedWaste, for
guidance and proper handling procedures.
Use Spill Kits for Emergencies: If a spill occurs when opening a sharps container, use a spill
kit immediately to contain and clean up the spill. Ensure all contaminated materials are
disposed of properly.