1) Ethnographers construct systems to learn what members of particular groups need to know by participating in everyday events and understanding insider meanings. 2) Key questions for educational ethnographers include what is happening, who is involved, what knowledge and resources are being used, and what outcomes result for individuals and groups. 3) Ethnographers aim to learn what counts as cultural knowledge from the perspective of community insiders.

1. 1
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ethnographically comments questions
Learn from the people (insiders) what counts as cultural
knowledge (insider meaning)
Ethnographers construct systems to learn what members Members How the Creating data from the
of particular groups need to know, understand, produce of groups ethnographe perspective of the different types
and predict as they participate in events of everyday life and rs can honor or members of the community
within a group. communiti these
es do not differences?
hold roles
or points of
views
evenly.
In education, the key questions: How the This is a developing process in
 What is happening here? analyst which the ethnographer is slowly
 What is being accomplished, by and with whom, bounds the grasping meaning from the
how, in what ways, when and where, under what events to community while acknowledging
conditions, for what purposes, drawing on what learn from? what could be an interesting focus
historical or current knowledge and resources of analysis, bearing in mind that
(e.g. artifacts, meanings, tools), with what the goal is to learn from the
outcomes or consequences for individuals and people (insiders) what counts as
the group? cultural knowledge (insider
 To what do individual members of sustaining meaning).
groups have access, orient and hold each other

2. 2
accountable?
 What makes someone an insider or outsider of
particular groups (e.g. class, group within a
class, peer group or social network)?
 What counts as disciplinary knowledge (i.e.
mathematics, science, social science or art) in
this particular group or classroom?
 What roles and relationships, norms and
expectations, and rights and obligations are
constructed by and afforded members?
 How does previously constructed cultural
knowledge support or constrain participation
in, or create frame clashes with, local knowledge
being constructed in a particular event (or social
group)?
 How do decisions beyond the group support
and/or constrain ways of knowing, being and
doing afforded members?

3. 3
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ethnographically comments
Ethnographers can redefine
their questions depending
on what they are learning
during the fieldwork
Should I define
explicitly a theory
of culture before
starting my
ethnographic
study?

4. 4
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ethnographically comments questions
What
counts as
event? And
how many
“events”
could count
as
ethnograph
y?
Types of questions that I should bear in mind while I am
learning from a community:
- What is ordinary and predictable?
- What is not ordinary and problematic?

5. 5
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ethnographically answers
Ethnography in education is a
field allowing me to doubt
upon common senses
regarding learning,
knowledge, success, and
effectiveness in formal
educational settings. This
means, I could problematize
education. The question I
should be always bear in
mind is WHAT COUNTS
AS…?