Integration and Automation in Practice: CI/CD in Mule Integration and Automat...
Stats test
1. WELCOME
6BIO8 – paper code
6B Paper discussion
By.J.Sharmila Christy
Biology Teacher , Villa International High School, Male’
Republic of Maldives
2. 6 B PAPER HAS 3 QUESTIONS
Q1, Based on AS &A2 practical
experiments
Be thorough in doing these practical's
, procedure, precautionary methods
Q2. Statistical test
5 tests for calculating mean , median, mode &
differences
Q3.Planning an Investigation
steps of doing, analysis & interpretation of
data
3. STATISTICAL TESTS USED
1.Correlation
Spearman Rank Test 3.Chi2 – Test
Correlate between Goodness to fit
factors
2.T – Test
MEAN 4.Wilcoxon paired Match
Test( W Test)
For paired data
5.Mann Whitney
( U– Test )
MEDIAN
4. CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
SIGNIFICANCE OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 2 VARIABLES
(DV & IDV )
EG: TEMPERATURE AND RATE OF ENZYME ACTION .
SCATTERED GRAPH
Null Hypothesis – There is no significant
relationship between the independent and
dependent variable
If calculated value, at p = 0.05 , 5% significance
level, is greater than critical value , REJECT Ho
Degree of freedom = n-1 , n= no of
measurements
7. T-TEST
USED IN CALCULATING MEAN VALUES
DATA IS SHOWN IN NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
GRAPH
EG: TEMPERATURE AND RATE OF ENZYME
ACTION .
SCATTERED GRAPH
Null Hypothesis : There is no significance difference
between the mean value of set one and set two
If calculated value > Critical value ,at p =0.05 (5%)
REJECT Ho
Degree of freedom = n-2
8.
9. MANN WHITNEY ( U TEST )
Forcomparing the MEDIAN VALUE
Data is not normally distributed , it is skewed
Null Hypothesis : There is no significant difference
between the median values of sample 1 & sample 2
There will be two values – U1 and U2
The smaller U value is the calculated value
If calculated value > Critical value ,at p =0.05 (5%)
ACCEPT Ho
Degree of freedom = n-2
11. WILCOXON MATCHED PAIRED TEST
W TEST
Used to determine if the difference between two
sets of data measuring the same variable
Data must be matched in pairs
Single
unique way to link data from one set to
another
Eg, pulse rate before & after exercise
Usually bar graphs , with bars in pairs
12. CHI 2 TEST
Used to measure goodness of fit
Used to test whether the difference between the
observed values are significantly different from the
expected value
Usually bar graph in pairs
Eg A rat is placed in such a cage
probability of rat chosing the open door
Exp ratio : N S E W
1 :1 :1:1
Obser ratio 9:11:8:12
Mostly used in genetic questions
13. NULL HYPOTHESIS : THERE IS NO SIGNIFICANT
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OBSERVED &
EXPECTED VALUES
After doing the chi2 test
If calculated value > Critical value ,at p =0.05 (5%)
REJECT Ho
Conclusion : There is a significant difference between
the observed and the expected value
If calculated value < Critical value ,at p =0.05 (5%)
ACCEPT Ho
Conclusion : There is no significant difference
between the observed and the expected value, any
difference is due to chance alone
14. RULES TO REMEMBER
FOR W U For T,Chi2, Corr
Calculated Calculated
Value >critical Value >critical
value value
ACCEPT Ho
REJECT Ho