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非概率抽样 非抽样误差 五种经典概率抽样方法 其他抽样方法,复杂抽样等
其他抽样方法 ,[object Object]
捕获和再捕获估计   ,[object Object],[object Object]
假定:  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
二重抽样 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
未分层的二重抽样
二重抽样对估计量的调整 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],从无回答者中随机抽选 100v %的子样本,假设访问到了所有的目标无回答者  如果有限总体修正系数可忽略:
二重分层抽样样本量的最优分配
复杂调查设计的简化 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
抽样权重 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
抽样权重 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
自加权样本  ,[object Object],[object Object]
对于非自加权的样本 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
总体 f(y)  样本 f(y)  ST 样本,均值及中位数偏低, 样本中的男性代表性被降低  200 的 SRS, 自加权, 样本单元的直方图与总体的相似
总体 F(y)  样本 F(y)
EPMF
利用 EPMF 变量 总体 SRS 分层 不考虑权重 考虑权重 均值 166.25 165.61 162.75 166.03 中位数 165 164.50 161.50 163 第 25 百分位数 156 156.75 154 156 第 90 百分位数 185 182 183 186 方差 207 161 168 208
设计效应 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
设计效应 ,[object Object],[object Object]
设计效应与置信区间  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
设计效应与样本量 ,[object Object],[object Object]
案例:全国犯罪受害者调查 (  the National Crime Victimization Survey ,   NCVS ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
第一阶段 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
第二阶段 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
第三阶段 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1990 年 NCVS 的抽样过程 阶段 抽样单元 分层 1 psu( 县、一组相邻的县或者是大型城市统计区( MSA ) ) 地理位置、人口信息以及犯罪相关特征 2 地区清单( ED ) 3 含有 4 个住户单元的群 4 家庭 5 每个家庭成员
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
NCVS 的抽样设计对方差估计的影响? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
复杂样本的方差估计 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],重抽样
随机组方法
Banlanced Repeated Replication ,[object Object],[object Object]
半样本估计量的性质
平衡半样本 一个小的半样本子集( k )尽量保留所有的信息  满足该条件的 k 个半样本为平衡半样本 完全正交平衡( full orthogonal balance )半样本  满足该条件的平衡半样本称为 完全正交 平衡半样本
用于多阶段抽样 ,[object Object]
用于非线性估计 ,[object Object]
Jackknife 方法
 
bootstrap(Efron,1979) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
泰勒线性化的一般步骤:  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
总结 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
非抽样误差 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
处理无回答的四类方法  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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其他抽样、复杂样本及方差估计和非抽样误差