Марcело Анг. Робототехника и образование

Robotics and Education
Marcelo H ANG Jr
Associate Professor, Dept of Mechanical Engineering
Ag Director, Advanced Robotics Centre
National University of Singapore
mpeangh@nus.edu.sg
Skolkovo Robotics ‘16
20 May 2016

Outline
• Learning
• Robotics
– Why learn the science of robotics?
– Robotics as a tool for education, like IT and other
technologies
• Examples
• Challenges and Open Questions
© Marcelo H Ang Jr, 20 May 2016

2 critical components of Learning
• What are core knowledge?
– Mathematics (logic)
– Science (understanding phenomena)
– Arts and humanities (understanding humans)
– Business (creating value)
• Experiential learning
– Every day life
– Core values
– In school and home
– Defines us, our personality, values, and culture…..

Traditional Education

Do to Learn
• Explorer-Mindset : Actions help us to think
• Hands-on activities
• Play to Learn
– Friedrich Froebel (1844)
• designed balls, wooden blocks, tiles, sticks and rings to
demonstrate that children learn by playing.
• “Froebel gifts”
• Maria Montessori (1912)
– Manipulative materials
• Engage students in learning through
• Playful explorations

Lifelong Kindergarten (Mitch Resnick)
• http://llk.media.mit.edu/
• Not Creative technologies, but
• Technologies to foster the creative thinking

“For the things we have to
learn before we can do them,
we learn by doing them.”
Aristotle

Experiential Learning
• Experiential is the best
– Being intimately involved
– Living it
– Witnessing it
• Total immersion
– Sight
– Sound
– Feelings
– Touch
– Smell, taste
– kinesthetic

The Challenge
• Activities to allow experiential learning
– Mathematics
– Physical Sciences
– Social Sciences
– Humanities
– Arts
– Language

Picture of
student
Students at all grade
levels are fascinated
with robots
Teaching with
robots provide a
new and exciting
way to motivate
students
Why Robotics?

Catapult & Trebuchet kits (Lego Educ)
• Stored tension equals power of projectile
• Reaching different distances with varying
weights

Simple Motorized Mechanisms Base

Robotics for (not only) STEM
• TRIK
• LEGO Mindstorms
• VEX Robotics
• First Lego League
• STEM Robotics Kits
• Bioloid
• Matrix
robotics

From “toys” to “real-world”

Yaskawa Motoman STEP Package
Preparing secondary students for industry/manufacturing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzazFNdJ5pM

Gadgets coming alive
• Beyond scientific laws
• You create your own laws
– Your own world
– Your own rules
• Robotics allows you to do this!

Robotics
• Sensing and Perception
• Thinking (Computation /
Decision Making)
• Actuation (Doing
something)

Our World
Physical Phenomena
Inputs Outputs

Creating A New World
(and Experience)
through Robotics
Physical Realization of
Concept / Idea
Inputs Outputs

Robotics – Two Roles
• Learning the art and science of robotics
– To solve problems, realize inventions
– Make our world a better place for all of us
• Use robotics as a tool for education and
learning
– The best tool  Concepts coming alive and
touching us

Industrial Revolution –
Birth of Machines
• Machines doing work for us
• “mechanical advantage”
• Power transmission, e.g., conversion of
electrical energy to mechanical energy

“Intelligent Machines”
Multi-Axis Machines for Material
Removal: Machining Works
http://www.cncmachinesinmotion.com/cnc_knee_mill.html
Articulated Robotic Arm, from
Universal Robots
http://www.universal-robots.com

Industrial Robots and Automation
http://machine-project.com© Marcelo H Ang Jr, 20 May 2016

Next Revolution:
Information Technology
• Computers
• What do they do?
– Communications: Moving data around
– Processing: Manipulation, conversion
– Meaningful to us, humans

Robotic Applications
• Robots as Super Tools for Humans
• Unstructured Environments
• Human Environments
• Robots adapting to the
environment rather than
Environment adapting to the
robot

Robots in Human
Environments

Role #2: Robotics as a Tool for
Learning and Education
• Robot is moving
– Allow visualization of concepts
– Attracts interests and captures attention
• Like IT in Education, but much more with
physical embodiment of IT in the form of
artificial intelligence.

Mathematics
• Proof of Pythagorean Theorem:
– Have a robot do this
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJMNM3bTE
Ig&feature=related)
• Addition – carry over

Data Logging using NXT

Inquiry –
Finding answers to questions!
• What is the best way to keep my drink cool on
a hot day?
• Need Evidence
• Fair Experiments
Three different cups holding the same amount of
liquid at the same initial temperature

After 30 minutes

Position, Velocity and Acceleration

• Wheels – Turns – Radius - Circumference

Language Learning
• Robots performing a task
• Robots as actors / characters in a story
• Students narrate using the language being
learned

Robotics to teach Mathematics
• UC Davis C-STEM

Constructing 3D Printed Robots to
Learn about Science and Technology
3D printed ESRA Robot Face
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=WuLC0RcsIkw© Marcelo H Ang Jr, 20 May 2016

Challenges Ahead
• Activities for “Robotics for Eduction”
• Nurture Problem finding and creative problem
solving
– Robotics in Education
• What is the ultimate goal?
– Robotics is not the “end” but a “means”
• Two-pronged approach in using robotics
– Breathing life into concepts & making learning
interesting
– Creative problem solving through discovery and
application of concepts.

Resources
• Robotics Academy (CMU National Robotics
Engineering Center)
– http://www.education.rec.ri.cmu.edu/
• Educational Robotics Matrix
– http://robotics.nasa.gov/edu/matrix.php
• STEM Robotics
– http://www.stemrobotics.org
• UC Davies C-STEM
– http://c-stem.ucdavis.edu/
• And many more (search “STEM Robotics”)

Thank you for your attention.
Comments are most welcome!

Марcело Анг. Робототехника и образование

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