The document discusses generating characterization tests for legacy code without existing tests. It recommends creating characterization tests that capture the actual behavior of code by using sample inputs and asserting expected outputs. This helps protect legacy code from unintended changes by acting as a change detector. An example test is shown that characterizes the behavior of a CalcUtil method by passing sample inputs and asserting the expected output.
The document discusses breeding strategies for poultry in organic environments. It notes that commercial breeding companies focus on high egg production in cages, which can cause problems for organic systems using floor or free-range housing. Studies show cage-bred hens may have higher mortality and lower production outside of cages due to lack of adaptation to stress, disease resistance, and social behaviors important in group housing systems. Research indicates potential for genetic selection and adaptation of breeds to organic conditions through traits like nesting behavior and reduced feather pecking and cannibalism. Tests comparing commercial hybrids to local breeds in various countries found the local breeds often better adapted through traits like disease resistance and productivity on lower-protein diets.
This dissertation examined the effectiveness of a hybrid English for Academic Purposes (EAP) course combining in-class and online writing instruction for college-bound ESL students. The study found that students who consistently used the online course website improved the organization and content of their writing, regulated their own learning, and used more learning strategies online than in class. However, lack of student motivation had a negative impact on performance. Overall, the hybrid format provided more effective ways for engaged learners to advance their writing skills and prepare for mainstream college programs compared to traditional in-class instruction alone.
El documento proporciona información biográfica sobre José Alberto Pradera, un político vasco que sirvió como Diputado General de Bizkaia de 1987 a 1995. Detalla su infancia y educación, su carrera profesional como ingeniero, y su participación en política como miembro del Partido Nacionalista Vasco. También resume los resultados electorales de 1987 que llevaron a Pradera a ser elegido como el Diputado General más joven de Bizkaia.
1) The document discusses the opportunity for technology to improve organizational efficiency and transition economies into a "smart and clean world."
2) It argues that aggregate efficiency has stalled at around 22% for 30 years due to limitations of the Second Industrial Revolution, but that digitizing transport, energy, and communication through technologies like blockchain can help manage resources and increase efficiency.
3) Technologies like precision agriculture, cloud computing, robotics, and autonomous vehicles may allow for "dematerialization" and do more with fewer physical resources through effects like reduced waste and need for transportation/logistics infrastructure.
The document discusses generating characterization tests for legacy code without existing tests. It recommends creating characterization tests that capture the actual behavior of code by using sample inputs and asserting expected outputs. This helps protect legacy code from unintended changes by acting as a change detector. An example test is shown that characterizes the behavior of a CalcUtil method by passing sample inputs and asserting the expected output.
The document discusses breeding strategies for poultry in organic environments. It notes that commercial breeding companies focus on high egg production in cages, which can cause problems for organic systems using floor or free-range housing. Studies show cage-bred hens may have higher mortality and lower production outside of cages due to lack of adaptation to stress, disease resistance, and social behaviors important in group housing systems. Research indicates potential for genetic selection and adaptation of breeds to organic conditions through traits like nesting behavior and reduced feather pecking and cannibalism. Tests comparing commercial hybrids to local breeds in various countries found the local breeds often better adapted through traits like disease resistance and productivity on lower-protein diets.
This dissertation examined the effectiveness of a hybrid English for Academic Purposes (EAP) course combining in-class and online writing instruction for college-bound ESL students. The study found that students who consistently used the online course website improved the organization and content of their writing, regulated their own learning, and used more learning strategies online than in class. However, lack of student motivation had a negative impact on performance. Overall, the hybrid format provided more effective ways for engaged learners to advance their writing skills and prepare for mainstream college programs compared to traditional in-class instruction alone.
El documento proporciona información biográfica sobre José Alberto Pradera, un político vasco que sirvió como Diputado General de Bizkaia de 1987 a 1995. Detalla su infancia y educación, su carrera profesional como ingeniero, y su participación en política como miembro del Partido Nacionalista Vasco. También resume los resultados electorales de 1987 que llevaron a Pradera a ser elegido como el Diputado General más joven de Bizkaia.
1) The document discusses the opportunity for technology to improve organizational efficiency and transition economies into a "smart and clean world."
2) It argues that aggregate efficiency has stalled at around 22% for 30 years due to limitations of the Second Industrial Revolution, but that digitizing transport, energy, and communication through technologies like blockchain can help manage resources and increase efficiency.
3) Technologies like precision agriculture, cloud computing, robotics, and autonomous vehicles may allow for "dematerialization" and do more with fewer physical resources through effects like reduced waste and need for transportation/logistics infrastructure.
The document contains a profile for Nutcha Buapad, including her name, nickname, birthdate, age, contact information, school details, and likes/dislikes. It also summarizes her family, noting there are 4 members - her father who is kind and funny, her quiet mother who likes housework, and her annoying lazy sister who drives her crazy.
ความสุจริตทางวิชาการ เชื่อมไทยเชื่อมโลก Connect Thailand, Connect the World in The “Academic Honesty”
With Five Tools to Drive The Universities to Build The Smart Graduates
With Integrity
The document contains a profile for Nutcha Buapad, including her name, nickname, birthdate, age, contact information, school details, and likes/dislikes. It also summarizes her family, noting there are 4 members - her father who is kind and funny, her quiet mother who likes housework, and her annoying lazy sister who drives her crazy.
ความสุจริตทางวิชาการ เชื่อมไทยเชื่อมโลก Connect Thailand, Connect the World in The “Academic Honesty”
With Five Tools to Drive The Universities to Build The Smart Graduates
With Integrity