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SPC 11 John Hyde_Presentation_Seoul.10.13
- 1. Presented by: John Hyde Board Member, GOPAC Chair, GOPAC Oceanie October 7, 2013 Post-2015 Implementation The Role of Parliamentarians in the Fight Against Corruption
- 2. The Impact of Corruption on the MDGs • $1 trillion is paid in bribes every year (World Bank) • Multinational criminality moves $2.1 trillion per year across borders (UNODC) • Governments lose $3.1 trillion per year because of tax evasion (Tax Justice Network) By comparison, meeting the much-vaunted Millennium Development Goals would cost no more than $481 billion in development.
- 3. Post-2015 Goal on Governance e) To reduce bribery and corruption and ensure officials can be held accountable. Goal 10 Ensure good governance and effective institutions.
- 4. GOPAC Modus Operandi • The role of parliamentarians in anti- corruption efforts • GOPAC consists of: • 700 members • 48 National Chapters • 5 Regional Chapters
- 5. Our Successes • Implemented significant amendments to anti-money laundering laws in the Philippines • Developed and promoted the Handbook on Anti- Corruption and a Code of Ethics in the Parliament of Zambia • Drafted and tabled an anti-corruption bill in Timor Leste • Tabled a private member’s bill to establish a code of ethics in the New Zealand parliament
- 6. Our Successes • Contributed to the creation of an anti-corruption commission in Jordan • Drafted and tabled critical bills in the Parliament of Lebanon, on access to information and on whistle blower protection • Assisted in the formation of the National Anti- Corruption Prosecution Service in Mexico
- 7. Our Successes GOPAC Oceania chair John Hyde and GOPAC Zambia chair Hon Cornelius Mweetwa GOPAC Zambia chair Hon Connelius Mweetwa moved that the Second Global Young Parliamentarians' Dialogue on ICPD Issues included a recommendation that: "Any future development goals need to address eradicating corruption in order to increase resources for population and development." Second Global Young Parliamentarians' Dialogue on ICPD Issues, Negombo, Sri Lanka 3-4 October, 2013
- 8. Our Challenges 1. Parliamentarians, while committed to the cause of anti-corruption, juggle a variety of issues. 2. Aid delivery architecture is not conducive to ceasing momentum and opportunities. 3. Measuring the effectiveness of these anti- corruption programs has been difficult.
- 9. Our Proposal: Anti-Corruption Indicator • GOPAC is developing an aggregate index, designed to evaluate a country’s progress on anti-corruption issues. • The index combines indicators based on perception; anti- corruption framework, laws and regulations; and practical implementation of anti-corruption practices • The indicators GOPAC proposes to use can be further broken down into categories so that the advancement of countries can be compared to other countries facing similar circumstances in the anti-corruption fight. We would welcome your feedback.
- 10. GOPAC Global Secretariat 255 Albert St., Suite 904 Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6A9 Canada info@gopacnetwork.org WWW.GOPACNETWORK.ORG For More Information
Editor's Notes
- On behalf of the Global Organization of Parliamentarians Against Corruption, I would like to start by thanking the UNDP for their dedication to good governance and transparency and the effort they have made to ensure these issues are raised at a global level
- The World Bank estimates that more than $1 trillion is paid in bribes every year, the largest of which are to obtain state contracts and monopolies. The UN Office on Drugs and Crime estimates that multinational criminality moves $2.1 trillion per year across borders, enabled by the active collusion or passive inattention of regulators. The Tax Justice Network estimates that governments lose $3.1 trillion per year because of tax evasion, disproportionately by those with the resources to sway policy makers or public servants. “By comparison, meeting the much-vaunted Millennium Development Goals would cost no more than $481 billion in development. What the world loses to corruption in a single year would be enough to end the worst forms of human misery and transform human civilization, at least a dozen times over.” (Akaash Maharaj). This issue is enormous and needs to be addressed
- The UN is realizing the extent to which corruption negatively impacts development goals as can be seen from proposed Goal 10 e) of the High-Level Panel Report on the Post 2015 Development Agenda: “to reduce bribery and corruption and ensure officials can be held accountable” I am here today to illustrate what GOPAC and our parliamentarian membership has been doing successfully, why this approach should be considered in the post-2015 implementation agenda and how we can assist in promoting and monitoring the implementation of Goal 10 e).
- Parliamentarians are responsible for legislation in their countries. They influence domestic agendas directly through anti-corruption legislation and through ensuring that their budgets reflect present priorities. Parliamentarians are central to controlling corruption as executives are unlikely to hold themselves to account. A parliamentarian sits at the apex of the systems of accountability. In fact, parliaments are the single most important domestic accountability institution. GOPAC’s mission is to provide peer to peer capacity building support and assist parliamentarians in their advocacy and the development of legislation to ensure governments are accountable and transparent. Our programming is directed to sitting elected officials, bringing peers from different regions to speak to each other & provide guidance and advice on creating, promoting and enforcing anti-corruption legislation. This model has been extremely effective in building capacity of legislators. The focus should be on learning from peers in surrounding countries as this can help address the issue of universality vs. national distinctions. GOPAC currently has over 700 members, 48 National Chapters and 5 regional chapters. These national chapters are non-partisan and are formed by members of all political parties with a shared commitment to fighting corruption.
- Our national chapters have a track-record of success in the anti-corruption fight. What have our national chapters done? Let me outline a few examples. Our GOPAC members of parliament have: Implemented significant amendments to anti-money laundering laws in the Philippines; Developed and promoted the Handbook on Anti-Corruption and a Code of Ethics in the Parliament of Zambia; Drafted and tabled an anti-corruption bill in Timor Leste Tabled a private member’s bill to establish a code of ethics in the New Zealand parliament
- Contributed to the creation of an anti-corruption commission in Jordan Drafted and tabled critical bills in the Parliament of Lebanon, on access to information and on whistle blower protection Assisted in the formation of the National Anti-Corruption Prosecution Service in Mexico
- Contributed to the creation of an anti-corruption commission in Jordan Drafted and tabled critical bills in the Parliament of Lebanon, on access to information and on whistle blower protection Assisted in the formation of the National Anti-Corruption Prosecution Service in Mexico
- Working with legislators, we have made great strides, but this work has not been without its challenges: Despite the important role parliamentarians’ play, few programs focus on developing their capacity in this area. Since we work with sitting parliamentarians they juggle a variety of issues. Once they commit to anti-corruption issues we need to harness this commitment and mobilize resources quickly to ensure their enthusiasm has an impact. With the current aid delivery architecture it takes an immense amount of time to even get small but impactful, projects off the ground. Sustainable support will help ensure that momentum continues despite competing priorities that parliamentarians face. Measuring the effectiveness of these programs has been difficult. Every country has a different history, legal system and sociological context. Countries cannot be easily compared against each other. Indicators in place to measure corruption, including bribery are based on perception. The perception of what is corrupt, legal definitions, and societal acceptance varies from one country to another. This makes it challenging to consider a universally comparable indicator of corruption.
- GOPAC is developing an aggregate index that combines indicators based on perception with anti-corruption framework, laws and regulations; and practical implementation of anti-corruption practices This will provide a more robust means for countries to evaluate their success in the fight against corruption. The indicators GOPAC proposes to use can be further broken down into categories so that the advancement of countries can be compared to other countries facing similar circumstances in the anti-corruption fight. We use 13 variables in 5 categories. This includes both de jure and de facto anti-corruption indicators; designed to capture both “on the book” mechanisms in place and the actual implementation of these. As we are in the development phase of this tool we would welcome your feedback to ensure an efficient and impactful monitoring framework for anti-corruption.
- We look forward to partnering with you in the fight against corruption. If you have any questions- please contact the Global Secretariat.