Space refers to the vast, near-vacuum expanse beyond Earth's atmosphere, containing celestial bodies, energy, and matter, often considered part of a four-dimensional continuum called spacetime, while also meaning room or area, and in computing, a collaborative digital environment like Google Spaces. It's the realm of planets, stars, galaxies, filled with cosmic radiation, magnetic fields, and dust, and is the focus of exploration by agencies like NASA and ESA, with ongoing discoveries about its origins and mysteries. NASA stands for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, a U.S. government agency responsible for the nation's civil space program, aeronautics research, and space exploration to discover new knowledge and opportunities for humanity. It was established in 1958 to lead American efforts in space and oversee scientific and technological advancements in both air and space.