South African History
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South Africa has a diverse history and population. It was initially populated by Khoisan and Bantu people, then colonized by Dutch and British settlers beginning in the 1600s. This led to the rise of apartheid in the 20th century, which institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination until the end of the apartheid system in 1994. Today, South Africa has 11 official languages and a population that is mostly Christian but also includes Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, and those of traditional African faiths. The country has worked to address issues of racial inequality through policies promoting education and multiculturalism since the end of apartheid.
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South Africa occupies the southernmost part of the African continent, bordered by Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Swaziland. It has a population of over 43 million people and 11 official languages. Traditionally, African education focused on oral transmission of skills and cultural values through participation in daily life, but colonialism eroded these systems and prioritized education for whites over other racial groups. Under apartheid, the Bantu Education Act of 1953 created stark inequalities along racial lines that persisted until the end of apartheid and democratic elections of 1994, after which the government worked to restructure education on a non-racial basis.
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South Africa
Culture Group Information from the CIA World Factbook:
Ethnic groups:
black African 79.2%, white 8.9%, colored 8.9%, Indian/Asian 2.5%, other 0.5% (2011 est.)
Languages:
IsiZulu (official) 22.7%, IsiXhosa (official) 16%, Afrikaans (official) 13.5%, English (official) 9.6%, Sepedi (official) 9.1%, Setswana (official) 8%, Sesotho (official) 7.6%, Xitsonga (official) 4.5%, siSwati (official) 2.5%, Tshivenda (official) 2.4%, isiNdebele (official) 2.1%, sign language 0.5%, other 1.6% (2011 est.)
Religions:
Protestant 36.6% (Zionist Christian 11.1%, Pentecostal/Charismatic 8.2%, Methodist 6.8%, Dutch Reformed 6.7%, Anglican 3.8%), Catholic 7.1%, Muslim 1.5%, other Christian 36%, other 2.3%, unspecified 1.4%, none 15.1% (2001 census)
South Africa Language
Number of Living Languages: 28 (13 institutional, 5 developing, 4 vigorous, 6 dying)
National Languages:
Afrikaans
English
Ndebele
Northern Sotho
Swati
Tsonga
Tswana
Venda
Xhosa
Zulu
Source: Ethnologue, retrieved 20 September, 2013, URL link: http://www.ethnologue.com/country/ZA
2
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Top Three Most Commonly Spoken Languages:
Afrikaans: According to the 2006 census, 4,740,000 people in South Africa speak Afrikaans. This is 9.75% of the South African population. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West. Primarily spoken: widespread throughout South Africa, but is primarily spoken in Eastern South Africa.
English: According to the 2006 census, 3,670,000 people in South Africa speak English. This is 7.55% of the South African population. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West. Primarily spoken: clusters in the middle and along the coast of South Africa.
Ndebele: According to the 2006 census, 640,000 people in South Africa speak the language of Ndebele. This is 1.3% of the South African population. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo. Primarily spoken: eastern South Africa
Source: Ethnologue, retrieved 20 September, 2013, URL link: http://www.ethnologue.com/country/ZA
3
South Africa Language
Two Least Spoken Languages:
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Xiri: According to the 2000 cenus, Xiri as a first language has 87 speakers. This language is spoken by 0.00018% of the population. Nearly extinct. Primarily spoken in south-western South Africa in clusters along the coast.
Tsotsitaal: This language is also nearly extinct, however it does not list the number of speakers in South Africa. Primarily spoken in the Johannesburg area, north-eastern South Africa.
Source: Ethnologue, retrieved 20 September, 2013, URL link: http://www.ethnologue.com/country/ZA
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South Africa
South Africa has a diverse population of over 50 million people who speak 11 official languages. It has a mixed economy that still struggles with high poverty and unemployment. Until 1994, South Africa was ruled by a white minority government that enforced the racist policy of apartheid, which segregated races and denied political participation to non-whites. While laws have been enacted since the end of apartheid to promote equality and prevent discrimination, racism still lingers in aspects of South African society.
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Culture Group Information from the CIA World Factbook:
Ethnic groups:
black African 79.2%, white 8.9%, colored 8.9%, Indian/Asian 2.5%, other 0.5% (2011 est.)
Languages:
IsiZulu (official) 22.7%, IsiXhosa (official) 16%, Afrikaans (official) 13.5%, English (official) 9.6%, Sepedi (official) 9.1%, Setswana (official) 8%, Sesotho (official) 7.6%, Xitsonga (official) 4.5%, siSwati (official) 2.5%, Tshivenda (official) 2.4%, isiNdebele (official) 2.1%, sign language 0.5%, other 1.6% (2011 est.)
Religions:
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South Africa Language
Number of Living Languages: 28 (13 institutional, 5 developing, 4 vigorous, 6 dying)
National Languages:
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Ndebele
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Venda
Xhosa
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Source: Ethnologue, retrieved 20 September, 2013, URL link: http://www.ethnologue.com/country/ZA
2
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Source: Ethnologue, retrieved 20 September, 2013, URL link: http://www.ethnologue.com/country/ZA
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South Africa Language
Two Least Spoken Languages:
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Xiri: According to the 2000 cenus, Xiri as a first language has 87 speakers. This language is spoken by 0.00018% of the population. Nearly extinct. Primarily spoken in south-western South Africa in clusters along the coast.
Tsotsitaal: This language is also nearly extinct, however it does not list the number of speakers in South Africa. Primarily spoken in the Johannesburg area, north-eastern South Africa.
Source: Ethnologue, retrieved 20 September, 2013, URL link: http://www.ethnologue.com/country/ZA
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Apartheid was a system of racial segregation in South Africa between 1948 and 1994. It was established by the National Party to maintain political and economic power for white South Africans. Apartheid laws separated society and denied non-whites political rights, restricting where they could live, work, and attend school. The African National Congress and leaders like Nelson Mandela fought against apartheid through protests and strikes. International pressure and internal uprisings eventually led to the end of apartheid and South Africa's first democratic elections in 1994, which elected Nelson Mandela as president.
History of apartheid in south africa
Apartheid was a system of racial segregation in South Africa between 1948 and 1994. It was established by the National Party to maintain political and economic power for white South Africans. Apartheid laws separated society and denied non-whites political rights, restricting where they could live, work, and attend school. The African National Congress and leaders like Nelson Mandela fought against apartheid through protests and campaigns. Apartheid officially ended in 1994 when South Africa held its first multiracial democratic elections and Nelson Mandela became the first black president.
South Africa
South Africa has a diverse population of over 50 million people who speak 11 official languages. It has a mixed economy that still struggles with high poverty and unemployment. Until 1994, South Africa was ruled by a white minority government that enforced the racist policy of apartheid, which segregated races and denied political participation to non-whites. While laws have been enacted since the end of apartheid to promote equality and prevent discrimination, racism still lingers in aspects of South African society.
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South African History
- 2. Most Beautiful CitiesDistressing PovertyUnmatched Ecosystem The Rainbow Nation- South Africa
- 4. History of South Africa Pre European Era • Khoisan People •Bantu People •Zulu People •Xhosa People History Post European Era •Dutch Colonization •Cape frontier war •Anglo-Boer war •Zulu power grows •Discovery of Gold •Apartheid Era
- 5. Pre European Era Khoisan People Bantu People Zulu & Xhosa People
- 7. Rise of Apartheid White South Africans formed “Anti British Policy” focused on Independence. Native Location Act- 1879 South Africa Act- 1909 Natives Land Act-1913, restricted ownership of land by Blacks. South Africa became independent Nation in 1910.
- 8. Rise of TWO parties Afrikaner National party (NP) Consolidate the ideology of Apartheid Parties African National Congress(ANC) To protest the exclusion of BLACKS from Power.
- 9. African National Congress (ANC) Banned in 1963 by NP for Anti Apartheid movements. Nelson Mandela and many leaders were sent for lifetime imprisonment. Anti Apartheid movement continued till 1986. In 1986 government allowed constitutional reforms to give equal rights to BLACKS. 1990, Nelson Mandela released after 27 years of imprisonment. 1994, First Democratic Elections, Mandela becomes president.
- 10. Religions in SA Religion Adherents % Christianity 29,684,861 73.52 Non Religious 3,262,428 8.08 Buddhism/Chinese 12113 0.03 Islam 985,460 1.45 Hinduism 504,707 1.25 African Traditional Believers 6,056,487 15 Judaism 68,640 0.17 Source: StatsSA 2011
- 11. Christianity Introduced by Dutch & British settlers Khoisan & Bantu People were converted to Christianity. Islam Introduced by “Cape Malay” slaves of Dutch settlers.
- 12. Hinduism Introduced by laborers introduced from Indian sub continent. Buddhism Introduced by Indian and Chinese immigrants.
- 13. Ethnicity Race Male Female Total African 79.6 79.4 79.5 Colored 8.8 8.9 8.9 Indian/Asian 2.4 2.5 2.5 White 9.2 9.3 9.2 Source: StatsSA 2011 All data in %
- 14. Education System January to DecemberAcademic Year Grade 1 to Grade 6Primary School Grade 7 to Grade 9Secondary School HIGHER EDUCATION SCHOOL 2 yearsDiploma 3 to 6 yearsBachelors 2 yearsMasters
- 15. Literacy Age 15 and over should be able to READ & WRITE Definition 86.4%Total Literacy Rate 87%Male 85.7%Female Source: StatsSA 2011
- 16. Languages Official Languages Speakers (%) IsiZulu 23.8 IsiXhosa 17.6 Afrikaans 13.3 Sepedi 9.4 English 8.2 Setswana 8.2 Sesotho 7.9 Xitsonga 4.4 Others 7.2 Source: StatsSA 2011 Others include, Tsotsi-taal & Isicamtho
- 17. 1910-1912Flags A British Red Ensign with the shield of the coat of arms of the Union of South Africa. 1912-1928 A British Red Ensign with the shield of the coat of arms of the Union of South Africa on a white roundel.
- 18. 1928-1994 Orange, white, and blue horizontal stripes, on the white stripe, a union Flag (Left), the Orange Free State flag hanging vertically (Center) and the Flag of Transvaal (Left) 1994-Current Six Color flag. Adopted on 1994 genetal election
- 19. Colors Representation Bravery & Strength Honesty & peace Vigilance, H onesty & Truth Love, Hope & joy for the land Black People Abundance of Gold, Symbol of generosity.
- 20. National Anthem Adopted in 1994. The lyrics are written in the five most widely spoken languages: Xhosa, Zulu, Sesotho, Afrikaans, and English.
- 21. LOGO