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Benefits of Solar Energy
- 1. SOLAR ENERGY University Of Cornel
- 2. Why Solar Energy • GLOBAL WARMING, • ACID RAIN • TOXIC AIR EMISSIONS, • DEPLETION OF FOSSIL FUELS University Of Cornel
- 3. • The nonrenewable sources we use today – including coal, oil, kerosene, diesel, propane and natural gas – are all limited in availability • attention to environmentally friendly solar energy systems. University Of Cornel
- 4. • All Forms of Energy • Fossil fuels • Wind, Natural gas, coal, wood etc.. • energy received from sun only. • We are utilizing more density fuel – Fossil fuels. • Limitations of Fossil Fuels. • Why Another alternative fuel? University Of Cornel
- 5. • Think for permanent solution • Three source • Water • Nuclear • Solar • Limitation to the first two • Advantages to SOLAR ENERGY • Available only in day time. University Of Cornel
- 6. • History of Solar energy. • Always we are using Solar energy. • Solar Boiler in 1876 introduced. • Available on the earth assuming 8 hr day time Is 70X1015kWh/year. This is more than present utilization. Presently we required 10 to 20 % of this. University Of Cornel
- 7. • Wind is also another form of solar energy. • Many Places these wind energy is used for Power generation. • Many forms of solar energy conversion • Solar energy forms- Light and short waves radiation invisible to human eyes. • This radiation strikes solid or liquid it absorb and transformed to heat energy. • This absorption convert ion required more research. University Of Cornel
- 8. • Storage and conversion to surrounding materials(air, water other solids or liquids) • Green house effect. • Short wave radiation possible through glass but long wave radiation is very low. • Flat plate collectors developed from this – used for increasing efficiency of direct utilization energy utilization. • Glass container and absorbing materials _ Storage – Preventing leakage etc.. • Developed and still research is required to increase efficiency and reduce cost. University Of Cornel
- 9. Application of Solar Energy University Of Cornel
- 10. Application of Solar Energy • Heating and cooling of building • Water and Air heating and cooling • Salt production • Solar distillation • Solar drying of agricultural products • Solar cooking • Solar pump • Solar refrigeration • Solar furnace University Of Cornel
- 11. • Solar thermal power generation • Photo-voltaic conversion • Wind, wave or indirect source of solar energy. • Hydrogen production by solar powered electrolysis processes • Many application in industry – cloth industry, Hospital, Chilling system etc.. • In PV cells solar energy is directly converted to electricity. • Today this area research and development is more. Including house hold applications, TV sets railway air ports etc.. Application of Solar Energy University Of Cornel
- 12. Solar Energy ? • Radiation ? • Energy released by electromagnetic waves • No medium is required for it – Conduction and convection • Wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is different range – knows as electromagnetic spectrum. University Of Cornel
- 14. Thermal Radiation • Thermal radiation is the intermediate portion (0.1 ~ 100m) of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a substance as a result of its temperature. • Thermal radiation heat transfer involves transmission and exchange of electromagnetic waves or photon particles as a result of temperature difference. University Of Cornel
- 15. Solar Radiation • Intensity of solar radiation incident on a surface is important in the design of solar collectors, photovoltaic cells, solar heating and cooling systems, and thermal management of building. • This effect depends on both the location of the sun in the sky and the clearness of the atmosphere as well as on the nature and orientation of the building. • We need to know - Characteristics of sun’s energy outside the earth’s atmosphere, its intensity and its spectral distribution - Variation with sun’s location in the sky during the day and with seasons for various locations on the earth's surface. University Of Cornel
- 16. What is Solar Energy? • Originates with the thermonuclear fusion reactions occurring in the sun. • Represents the entire electromagnetic radiation (visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, x-rays, and radio waves). University Of Cornel
- 17. Solar constants • Spectral distribution of extraterrestrial radiation • Basic earth – sun angle • Zenith, altitude, azimuth, latitude hour angle and sun’s declination angles • Solar time and equation for solar time • Depletion of solar radiation by the atmosphere. • Average Daily diffuse radiation University Of Cornel
- 18. Main topics in this study includes • Solar Collectors – Different type • Solar water heating • Solar Cookers • Solar desalination • Solar Drying of food • Passive house heating and cooling • Industrial applications • Heating and cooling Active systems University Of Cornel
- 21. Conclusions • Fossil fuels depleting day by day so find one alternate method. • The new source should have low pollution, economical and freely available in nature. • SUN IS the Primary source of energy. • Direct or indirect utilization technology with high efficiency and economical. • direct and Indirect methods • Solar Thermal Technology • PV energy conversion • Solar hydrogen production University Of Cornel
- 22. • Solar green house • Refrigeration and air conditioning • Solar Furnace • Solar thermo Mechanical Power • Solar Pump • Solar thermal Energy storage • Solar Photovoltaic cells • Wind tidal power plant- Indirect solar energy. • Solar energy utilization in India. Conclusions cont.. University Of Cornel