SOCIAL WORK CASE STUDIES CONCENTRATION YEAR30Working .docx

SOCIAL WORK CASE STUDIES: CONCENTRATION YEAR
30
Working With Families:
The Case of Brady
Brady is a 15-year-old, Caucasian male referred to me by his
previous social worker for a second evaluation. Brady’s father,
Steve, reports that his son is irritable, impulsive, and often in
trouble at school; has difficulty concentrating on work (both at
home and in school); and uses foul language. He also informed
me that his wife, Diane, passed away 3 years ago, although he
denies any relationship between Brady’s behavior and the death
of his mother.
Brady presented as immature and exhibited below-average
intelligence and emotional functioning. He reported feelings of
low self-esteem, fear of his father, and no desire to attend
school.
Steve presented as emotionally deregulated and also
emotionally
immature. He appeared very nervous and guarded in the
sessions
with Brady. He verbalized frustration with Brady and feeling
overwhelmed trying to take care of his son’s needs.
Brady attended four sessions with me, including both individual
and family work. I also met with Steve alone to discuss the state
of
his own mental health and parenting support needs. In the initial
evaluation session I suggested that Brady be tested for learning

and emotional disabilities. I provided a referral to a
psychiatrist,
and I encouraged Steve to have Brady evaluated by the child
study
team at his school. Steve unequivocally told me he would not
follow up with these referrals, telling me, “There is nothing
wrong
with him. He just doesn’t listen, and he is disrespectful.”
After the initial session, I met individually with Brady and
completed a genogram and asked him to discuss each member
of his family. He described his father as angry and mean and
reported feeling afraid of him. When I inquired what he was
afraid
of, Brady did not go into detail, simply saying, “getting in
trouble.”
In the next follow-up session with both Steve and Brady
present,
Steve immediately told me about an incident Brady had at
school.
Steve was clearly frustrated and angry and began to call Brady
hurtful names. I asked Steve about his behavior and the words
used toward Brady. Brady interjected and told his dad that being
PRACTICE
31
called these names made him feel afraid of him and further
caused
him to feel badly about himself. Steve then began to discuss the
effects of his wife’s death on him and Brady and verbalized
feel-

ings of hopelessness. I suggested that Steve follow up with my
previous recommendations and, further, that he should strongly
consider meeting with a social worker to address his own
feelings
of grief. Steve agreed to take the referral for the psychiatrist
and
said he would follow up with the school about an evaluation for
Brady, but he denied that he needed treatment.
In the third session, I met initially with Brady to complete his
genogram, when he said, “I want to tell you what happens some-
times when I get in trouble.” Brady reported that there had been
physical altercations between him and his father. I called Steve
in and told him what Brady had discussed in the session. Brady
confronted his father, telling him how he felt when they fight.
He also told Steve that he had become “meaner” after “mommy
died.” Steve admitted to physical altercations in the home and
an increase in his irritability since the death of his wife. Steve
and Brady then hugged. I told them it was my legal obligation
to report the accusations of abuse to Child Protective Services
(CPS), which would assist with services such as behavior
modifica-
tion and parenting skills.
Steve asked to speak to me alone and became angry, accusing
me of calling him a child abuser. I explained the role of CPS
and
that the intent of the call was to help put services into place.
After
our session, I called CPS and reported the incident. At our next
session, after the report was made, Steve was again angry and
asked me what his legal rights were as a parent. He then told
me that he was seeking legal counsel to file a lawsuit against
me.
I explained my legal obligations as a clinical social worker and
mandated reporter. Steve asked me very clearly, “Do you think

I am abusing my son?” My answer was, “I cannot be the one
to make that determination. I am obligated by law to report.”
Steve sighed, rolled his eyes, and called me some names under
his breath.
Brady’s case was opened as a child welfare case rather than
a child protective case (which would have required his removal
32
from the home). CPS initiated behavior modification, parenting
skills classes, and a school evaluation. Steve was ordered by the
court to seek mental health counseling. One year after I closed
this case, Brady called me to thank me, asking that I not let his
father know that he called. Brady reported that they continued
to
be involved with child welfare and that he and his father had
not
had any physical altercations since the report.
108
5. What were the agreed-upon goals to be met to address the
concern?
The goal was to find solutions to alleviate their frustrations and
the discord in their relationship.

6. Did you have to address any issues around cultural compe-
tence? Did you have to learn about this population/group
prior to beginning your work with this client system? If so,
what type of research did you do to prepare?
I was aware and sensitive to the fact that they were a gay
couple.
I was cognizant of the possible biased reactions they might
have received from administrators at Jackson’s school and their
surrounding community. I inquired into their interactions with
the adoption agency and the school to get a sense of any nega-
tive interactions that might have impeded service delivery. I
also
suggested a support group for lesbian and gay couples who
adopt.
7. How would you advocate for social change to positively
affect this case?
I would advocate for better education for foster and adoptive
parents on the resources they may be eligible to receive.
8. How can evidence-based practice be integrated into this
situation?
Using weekly scaling questions would be one way in which
evidence-based practice could be implemented.
Working With Families: The Case of Brady
1. What specific intervention strategies (skills, knowledge, etc.)
did you use to address this client situation?
I used structural family therapy, particularly the use of a geno-
gram. I addressed issues of grief and loss and child
development.

Finally, I used education to help them learn about services
avail-
able and crisis intervention.
2. Which theory or theories did you use to guide your practice?
I used structural family therapy.
3. What were the identified strengths of the client(s)?
Brady’s bravery in disclosing the altercations between himself
and his father showed great motivation and strength.
APPENDIX
109
4. What were the identified challenges faced by the client(s)?
Steve was resistant to his own mental health needs and the
effect
on his relationship with Brady. Brady was not receiving proper
evaluation and intervention for his presentation of develop-
mental delays/disabilities. Brady and Steve were clearly dealing
with unresolved grief due to the death of Brady’s mother.
concern?
The goal was to obtain a second evaluation and then provide
suggestions of services to improve Brady’s behavior in the
home and at school.
6. What local, state, or federal policies could (or did) affect
this situation?

The child abuse reporting laws were relevant to this case.
affect this case?
I would advocate for more education and support for children
with developmental disabilities and their parents. It was clear
that Brady had an intellectual disability that had not been previ-
ously acknowledged nor properly addressed.
8. Were there any legal/ethical issues present in the case? If
so, what were they and how were they addressed?
While the reporting laws and ethics for clinicians are very clear
in a case like Brady’s, there is always the concern that a parent
might file a lawsuit against the social worker for making the
report. These are cases in which the clinician’s documentation
of the sessions needs to be accurate and thorough to justify the
CPS report.
9. Describe any additional personal reflections about this case.
I am often asked by students, “Do you find it difficult to make
calls to Child Protective Services and does it get any easier?”
My answer to that question is no, I do not find it hard to make
calls
to CPS because those institutions are there to help. However,
I do continue to find it hard to hear stories of abuse from chil-
dren. That will never get easier. I have learned a great amount
of
humility in these cases. If a child (or adult) finds my office
space

110
safe enough and is able to disclose such complex issues as these
to me, I feel honored. It is because a client trusts me enough to
tell me these things that I feel responsible to do my job.
Working With Families: The Case of Carol and Joseph
1. What specific intervention strategies (skills, knowledge, etc.)
did you use to address this client situation?
This case required extensive use of active and passive listening
and patience to enable the client to become sufficiently
comfort-
able with me and to arrive at a point where she could work on
her issues. Initially she was very angry, hostile, resistant, and
very much in denial.
2. Which theory or theories did you use to guide your practice?
I work with people in their homes, which is their territory, not
mine. I think it is very important to be aware of how I would
feel
if I were in their shoes. The person-in-environment perspective
and Carl Rogers’ person-centered approach are crucial here.
3. What were the identified strengths of the client(s)?
She was smart and had a good support system in her husband
and mother, who were very supportive during her treatment.
4. What were the identified challenges faced by the client(s)?
Carol was a severe alcoholic and had a drug problem to a lesser
extent. She had psychological issues as well, including low self-
esteem, depression, and anxiety. She also had transportation

and legal problems as a result of losing her driver’s license
after
the DUI.
concern?
The primary goal was to protect her child by keeping Carol
sober and finding the intervention method that would be most
appropriate for her to do that. This took time due to the resist-
ance to treatment.
affect this case?
Treatment options and access to them need to be improved
in rural areas. There were not many choices for this client,
BUS499
Attached is the Required Template. It includes a link to
Dr.Gardner's Writing Workshop that provides assignment
details.
Week 3 Assignment 1
Student Full Name
Strayer University
BUS499 Business Administration Capstone
Dr. Keller
Dr. Gardner
Date
Everything in Blue should be deleted
Choose one (1) public corporation in an industry with which
you are familiar. For a list of companies you can choose from,

go to https://www.forbes.com/top-public-
companies/list/5/#tab:overall . Research the company on its own
website, the public filings on the Securities and Exchange
Commission EDGAR database
(http://www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml), in the University's online
databases, and any other credible sources you can find. The
annual report will often provide insights that can help address
some of these questions.
Visit Writing Workshop Video for this Assignment:
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ner_id/956951/uiconf_id/38285871/entry_id/0_i2y6molp/embed
/dynamic
Read chapters 1 -3 in the course textbook and complete the
LEARN E-Activities for Weeks 1-3 as they set the foundation to
this assignment. Be sure to cite your sources!
Begin your paper on Page 2 below and write a minimum of four
(4) pages. The minimum page count does not include the Title
or Source pages.
Week 3 Assignment 1
Write your introduction here. Include one (1) paragraph
(not more than 6 lines of text) that explains what your paper
will discuss. Much of your introduction may be taken from the
assignment instructions (in your own words). Read all
assignment resources to understand what should be included in
your paper. Be sure to review the assignment instructions in
Blackboard, the grading rubric, and the recorded writing
workshop to understand the requirements. Do not exceed 6 lines
of text in this introduction. There should be no direct quotes in
this introduction.
Globalization
Thoroughly assess how globalization has impacted the
corporation you researched. Provide a thoughtful and well
researched response. Consider for example, how your chosen
company has been involved in expanding globally, how it has
been impacted by global competition, and the global economy.
Do not simply define the term globalization. You will need to

conduct an assessment (i.e. an evaluation) of the impact
globalization has had on your selected corporation.
Your assessment/evaluation should demonstrate that you have
read, understand, and can apply the globalization concepts
covered in the textbook and course resources. Do not write
about globalization in general terms. Your assessment should be
directly related to your selected corporation. If your company
has locations in other countries, do not simply list the various
countries in which the company does business. Your writing
here should thoroughly assess how globalization has impacted
your chosen corporation. Do not Google “globalization” or
simply provide a definition. You must display an understanding
based on what is studied in this course and an ability to apply
the concepts in a real-world evaluation of a corporation.
Your textbook must be a source along with other credible
sources that support the globalization concepts covered in this
course. Read Chapters 1-3 in the course text book as each
chapter provides a solid background and clues on Globalization
that apply to this section. Review the Week 1 & 2 Learn video
Lectures for supporting content. Cite your sources and avoid or
limit the use of direct quotes.
Technology
Thoroughly assess how technological changes have impacted
the corporation you researched. Provide a thoughtful and well
researched response. Consider for example, how the company
has been impacted by cloud computing, social media,
crowdfunding, program apps, email, texting, websites, mobile,
automation, robotics, IOT (Internet of Things), AI (Artificial
Intelligence), e-commerce, data and analytics, etc. Research
how the company may have been impacted by diffusion and
disruptive technologies as explained in the textbook. Do not
simply define the term technology. You will need to conduct an
assessment (i.e. an evaluation) of the impact changes in
technology have had on your selected corporation.
Your assessment/evaluation should demonstrate that you have
read, understand, and can apply the concept of technology

covered in the textbook and course resources. Do not write
about technology in general terms. Your assessment should be
directly related to your selected corporation. If your company is
technologically advanced, do not simply list the various
technologies they possess but rather evaluate how changes in
technology have impacted the corporation. You must display an
understanding based on what is studied in this course and an
ability to apply the concepts in a real-world evaluation of a
corporation. Do not Google “technology” or simply provide a
definition. Your writing here should thoroughly assess how
changes in technology have impacted your chosen corporation.
Your textbook must be a source along with other credible
sources that support the technology concepts covered in this
course. You must display an understanding based on what is
studied in this course. Read Chapters 1-3 in the course text
book as each chapter provides a solid background and clues on
Technology that apply to this section. Review the Week 1 & 2
Learn video Lectures for supporting content. Cite your sources
and avoid or limit the use of direct quotes.
Industrial Organization Model
Thoroughly apply the industrial organization model to
determine how your corporation could earn above-average
returns (i.e. revenue). This model is based upon the
corporation’s external environment which is anything outside of
the corporation that can influence or impact its business
(macro)/operations (micro). Your application should walk
through what the model suggests is needed to earn above
average returns (hint: see figure 1.2 in the textbook). Do not
Google “Industrial Organization Model” or simply provide a
definition or write in general terms. Your writing here should
apply the model to your specific corporation, demonstrate your
understanding of the concepts, as described in this course, and
your ability to apply those concepts to a real-world corporation.
Read Chapter 1 in the course text book as it provides a solid
background and clues on this model that apply to this section.
Review the Week 1 Learn video Lecture for supporting content.

Cite your sources and avoid the use of direct quotes.
Resource-Based Model
Thoroughly apply the resource-based model to determine how
your corporation could earn above-average returns (i.e.
revenue). Consider the corporation’s unique resources
(corporate culture, land, location, equipment, brand, reputation,
trademarks, patents, etc.) and capabilities (skills, experience,
capabilities, etc. that set it apart from its competition). Your
application should walk through what the model suggests is
needed to earn superior returns (hint: see figure 1.3 in the
textbook). Do not Google “Resource-Based Model” or simply
provide a definition or write in general terms. Your writing here
should apply the model to your specific corporation,
demonstrate your understanding of the concepts, as described in
this course, and your ability to apply those concepts to a real-
world corporation. Read Chapter 1 in the course text book as it
provides a solid background and clues on this model that apply
to this section. Review the Week 1 Learn video Lecture for
supporting content. Cite your sources and avoid the use of
direct quotes.
Vision
Thoroughly assess how the vision statement of the
corporation influences its overall success. Include the actual
vision statement for your chosen company (be sure to quote and
cite per SWS or APA). Consider the key concepts discussed in
chapter 1 regarding vision in your assessment of your selected
corporation’s vision statement. Do not simply provide a
definition of vision or general statements. In addition to the
actual vision statement for your corporation, your writing must
demonstrate that you understand the concept of vision, as
discussed in this course, and can assess the impact your
corporation’s vision statement has on its overall success. Read
Chapter 1 in the course text book as it provides a solid
background and clues on vision that apply to this section.
Cite your sources.

Mission
Thoroughly assess how the mission statement of the
corporation influences its overall success. Include the actual
mission statement for your chosen company (be sure to quote
and cite per SWS or APA). Consider the key concepts discussed
in chapter 1 regarding mission in your assessment of your
selected corporation’s mission statement. Do not simply provide
a definition of mission or general statements. In addition to the
mission statement of your selected corporation, your writing
must demonstrate that you understand the concept of mission, as
discussed in this course, and can assess the impact your
corporation’s mission statement has on its overall success. Read
Chapter 1 in the course text book as it provides a solid
background and clues on mission that apply to this section.
Cite your sources.
Stakeholders
Thoroughly evaluate how each category of stakeholder impacts
the overall success of your selected corporation. Do not Google
“stakeholders” and simply provide a definition or list. You must
provide an evaluation that demonstrates your understanding of
each classification of stakeholders, as described in this course.
Do not write in general terms about stakeholders. Your
evaluation must describe how each classification of
stakeholders impacts your selected corporation’s success. Study
Chapter 1 for additional background on Stakeholders as it
provides a solid background on stakeholders that apply to this
section. Review the Week 1 Learn video Lecture for supporting
content. Cite your sources and avoid the use of direct quotes.
Sources
List your sources on this page and remember to delete the
instructions, which are in blue font.
Use at least three (3) quality sources, one of which must be the
course text book to support your ideas/work. Note: Wikipedia
and college essay sites do not qualify as academic resources.

Cite your sources throughout your work when you borrow
someone else’s words or ideas.
The source page must include all sources used. All sources
listed here must be cited in your paper.
Look for a permalink tool for a webpage when possible
(especially when an electronic
source requires logging in.
When using SWS remember to organize sources in a numbered
list and in order of use throughout the paper; use the original
number when citing a source multiple times; and follow this
format for all sources:
Author. Publication Date. Title. Page # (written as p. #). How to
Find (e.g. web address)
The APA format may also be used for a Reference page.
Questions to ask yourself before submitting your paper.
· Did I read the required course material and complete the
required activities?
· Have I deleted the blue font instructions in this template?
· Did I leave the provided section headings in place, as provided
in this template?
· After deleting the blue fonts in this template, have I changed
all font to black?
Additional things to keep in mind.
· You will be graded on the quality of your answers, the
logic/organization of the report, your language skills, and your
writing skills using the grading rubric.
· Strayer uses SafeAssign – an automated plagiarism checker. It
is advised that you do your own writing and use external
resources to support what you have written in your own words.

Choose one (1) public corporation in an industry with which
you are familiar. Research the company on its own Website, the
public filings on the Securities and Exchange Commission
EDGAR database (http://www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml), in the
University's online databases, and any other sources you can
find. The annual report will often provide insights that can help
address some of these questions.
Write a four to six (4-6) page paper in which you:
1. Assess how globalization and technology changes have
impacted the corporation you researched.
2. Apply the industrial organization model and the resource-
based model to determine how your corporation could earn
above-average returns.
3. Assess how the vision statement and mission statement of the
corporation influence its overall success.
4. Evaluate how each category of stakeholder impacts the
overall success of this corporation.
5. Use at least three (3) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and
other Websites do not quality as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
· This course requires use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS).
The format is different than other Strayer University courses.
Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for
details.
· Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the
student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the
date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in
the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this
assignment are:
· Determine ways in which the vision, mission, and stakeholders
of a firm impact that firm’s overall success.
· Use technology and information resources to research issues in
business administration.
· Write clearly and concisely about business administration

using proper writing mechanics.
Grading for this assignment will be based on answer quality,
logic / organization of the paper, and language and writing
skills, using the following rubric.
Communicating professionally and ethically is one of the
essential skill sets we can teach you at Strayer. The following
guidelines will ensure:
· Your writing is professional
· You avoid plagiarizing others, which is essential to writing
ethically
· You give credit to others in your work
Visit Strayer’s Academic Integrity Center for more information.
Winter 2019
https://pslogin.strayer.edu/?dest=academic-support/academic-
integrity-center
Strayer University Writing Standards 2
� Include page numbers.
� Use 1-inch margins.
� Use Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, or Calibri font style.
� Use 10-, 11-, or 12-point font size for the body of your text.
� Use numerals (1, 2, 3, and so on) or spell out numbers (one,

two, three, and so on).
Be consistent with your choice throughout the assignment.
� Use either single or double spacing, according to assignment
guidelines.
� If assignment requires a title page:
· Include the assignment title, your name, course title, your
professor’s name, and the
date of submission on a separate page.
� If assignment does not require a title page (stated in the
assignment details):
a. Include all required content in a header at the top of your
document.
or b. Include all required content where appropriate for
assignment format.
Examples of appropriate places per assignment: letterhead of a
business letter
assignment or a title slide for a PowerPoint presentation.
� Use appropriate language and be concise.
� Write in active voice when possible. Find tips here.
� Use the point of view (first, second, or third person) required
by the assignment
guidelines.
� Use spelling and grammar check and proofread to help
ensure your work is error free.
� Use credible sources to support your ideas/work. Find tips
here.

� Cite your sources throughout your work when you borrow
someone else’s words or ideas.
Give credit to the authors.
� Look for a permalink tool for a webpage when possible
(especially when an electronic
source requires logging in like the Strayer Library). Find tips
here.
� Add each cited source to the Source List at the end of your
assignment. (See the Giving
Credit to Authors and Sources section for more details.)
� Don’t forget to cite and add your textbook to the Source List
if you use it as a source.
� Include a Source List when the assignment requires research
or if you cite the textbook.
� Type “Sources” centered on the first line of the page.
� List the sources that you used in your assignment.
� Organize sources in a numbered list and in order of use
throughout the paper. Use the
original number when citing a source multiple times.
� For more information, see the Source List section.
General Standards
Use Appropriate
Formatting
Title Your Work

Write Clearly
Cite Credible
Sources
Build a
Source List
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Writing Assignments
Strayer University uses several different types of writing
assignments. The Strayer University
Student Writing Standards are designed to allow flexibility in
formatting your assignment and
giving credit to your sources. This section covers specific areas
to help you properly format
and develop your assignments. Note: The specific format
guidelines override guidelines in the
General Standards section.
Paper and Essay
Specific Format
Guidelines
PowerPoint or

Slideshow Specific
Format Guidelines
� Use double spacing throughout the body of your assignment.
� Use a consistent 12-point font throughout your assignment
submission. (For
acceptable fonts, see General Standards section.)
� Use the point of view (first or third person) required by the
assignment guidelines.
� Section headings can be used to divide different content
areas. Align section
headings (centered) on the page, be consistent, and include at
least two section
headings in the assignment.
� Follow all other General Standards section guidelines.
� Title slides should include the project name (title your work
to capture attention if
possible), a subtitle (if needed), the course title, and your name.
� Use spacing that improves professional style (mixing single
and double spacing as
needed).
� Use a background color or image on slides.
� Use Calibri, Lucida Console, Helvetica, Futura, Myriad Pro,
or Gill Sans font styles.
� Use 28-32 point font size for the body of your slides (based
on your chosen font
style). Avoid font sizes below 24-point.

� Use 36-44 point font size for the titles of your slides (based
on chosen font style).
� Limit content per slide (no more than 7 lines on any slide
and no more than 7
words per line).
� Include slide numbers when your slide show has 3+ slides.
You may place the
numbers wherever you like (but be consistent).
� Include appropriate images that connect directly to slide
content or presentation
content.
� Follow additional guidelines from the PowerPoint or
Slideshow Specific Format
Guidelines section and assignment guidelines.
Giving Credit to Authors and Sources
When quoting or paraphrasing another source, you need to give
credit by using an in-text
citation. An in-text citation includes the author’s last name and
the number of the source from
the Source List. A well-researched assignment has at least as
many sources as pages (see
Writing Assignments for the required number of sources). Find
tips here.
Option #1: Paraphrasing
Rewording Source Information in Your Own Words

· Rephrase the source information in your words.
Be sure not to repeat the same words of the author.
· Add a number to the end of your source (which will tie
to your Source List).
· Remember, you cannot just replace words of the
original sentence.
ORIGINAL SOURCE
“Writing at a college level requires informed
research.”
PARAPHRASING
As Harvey wrote, when writing a paper for
higher education, it is critical to research and
cite sources (1).
When writing a paper for higher education,
it is imperative to research and cite sources
(Harvey, 1).
Option #2: Quoting
Citing Another Person’s Work Word-For-Word
· Place quotation marks at the beginning and the end of
the quoted information.
· Add a number to the end of your source (which will tie
to your Source List).
· Do not quote more than one to two sentences

(approximately 25 words) at a time.
· Do not start a sentence with a quotation.
· Introduce and explain quotes within the context of
your paper.
ORIGINAL SOURCE
“Writing at a college level requires informed
research.”
QUOTING
Harvey wrote in his book, “Writing at a college
level requires informed research” (1).
Many authors agree, “Writing at a college
level requires informed research” (Harvey, 1).
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Page Numbers
When referencing multiple pages in a text book or other
large book, consider adding page numbers to help the
reader understand where the information you referenced
can be found. You can do this in three ways:
a. In the body of your paper;

or b. In the citation;
or c. By listing page numbers in the order they were
used in your paper on the Source List.
Check with your instructor or the assignment guidelines to
see if there is a preference based on your course.
e
IN-TEXT CITATION
(Harvey, 1, p. 16)
In the example, the author is Harvey, the source list number
is 1, and the page number that this information can be
found on is page 16.
Multiple Sources (Synthesizing)
Synthesizing means using multiple sources in one sentence
or paragraph (typically paraphrased) to make a strong
point. This is normally done with more advanced writing,
but could happen in any writing where you use more than
one source.
The key here is clarity. If you paraphrase multiple sources
in the same sentence (of paragraph if the majority of the
information contained in the paragraph is paraphrased),
you should include each source in the citation. Separate
sources using semi-colons (;) and create the citation in
the normal style that you would for using only one source
(Name, Source Number).
SYNTHESIZED IN-TEXT CITATION
(Harvey, 1; Buchanan, 2)

In the example, the authors Harvey and Buchanan were
paraphrased to help the student make a strong point.
Harvey is the first source on the source list, and Buchanan is
the second source on the source list.
Traditional Sources
Discussion Posts
When quoting or paraphrasing a source for discussion
threads, include the source number in parenthesis after the
body text where you quote or paraphrase. At the end of
your post, type the word “Sources” and below that include
a list of any sources that you cited.
If you pulled information from more than one source,
continue to number the additional sources in the order that
they appear in your post.
For more information on building a Source List Entry, see
Source List section.
SAMPLE POST
The work is the important part of any writing
assignment. According to Smith, “writing
things down is the biggest challenge” (1).
This is significant because…
The other side of this is also important. It is
noted that “actually writing isn’t important as

much as putting ideas somewhere useful” (2).
SOURCES
1. William Smith. 2018. The Way Things Are.
http://www.samplesite.com/writing
2. Patricia Smith. 2018. The Way Things Really
Are. http://www.betterthansample.com/tiger
A web source is any source accessed through an internet
browser. Before using any source, first determine its credibility.
Then decide if the source is appropriate and relevant for your
project. Find tips here.
Home Pages
A home page is the main page that loads when you type
a standard web address. For instance, if you type Google.
com into the web browser, you will be taken to Google’s
home page.
If you do need to cite a home page, use the webpage’s
title from the browser. This found by moving your mouse
cursor over the webpage name at the top of the browser.
When citing a homepage, it is likely because there is a news
thread, image, or basic piece of information on a company
that you wish to include in your assignment.
Specific Web Pages
If you are using any web page other than the home page,
include the specific title of the page and the direct link (when
possible) for that specific page in your Source List Entry.
If your assignment used multiple pages from the same author/
source, create separate Source List Entries for each page
when possible (if the title and/or web address is different).

Web Sources
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/conducting_re
search/evaluating_sources_of_information/index.html
Effective Internet Links
When sharing a link to an article with your instructor and
classmates, start with a brief summary and why you chose
to share it.
Be sure to check the link you’re posting to be sure it will
work for your classmates. They should be able to just click
on the link and go directly to your shared site.
Share vs. URL Options
Cutting and pasting the URL (web address) from your browser
may not allow others to view your source. This makes it hard
for people to engage with the content you used.
To avoid this problem, look for a “share” option and choose
that when possible so your classmates and professor
get the full, direct link. Always test your link(s) before
submitting to make sure they work.
If you cannot properly share the link, include the article as an
attachment. Interested classmates and your professor can
reference the article shared as an attachment. Find tips here.
POOR EXAMPLE

Hey check out this article: http://www.
Jobs4You.FED/Jobs_u_can_get
BETTER EXAMPLE
After reading the textbook this week, I
researched job sites. I found an article on how
to find the best job site depending on the job
you’re looking for. The author shared some
interesting tools such as job sites that collect job
postings from other sites and ranks them from
newest to oldest, depending on category. Check
out the article at this link: http://www.Jobs4You.
FED/Jobs_u_can_get
Charts, images, and tables should be centered and followed by
an in-text citation. Design your page and place a citation
below the chart, image, or table. When referring to the chart,
image, or table in the body of the assignment, use the citation.
On your Source List, provide the following details of the visual:
· Author’s name (if created by you, provide your name)
· Date (if created by you, provide the year)
· Type (Chart, Image, or Table)
· How to find it (link or other information – See Source List
section for additional details).
Charts, Images, and Tables
https://nyti.ms/24L5XkV
Source List

The Source List (which includes the sources that you used in
your assignment) is a new page
you add at the end of your paper. The list has two purposes: it
gives credit to the authors that
you use and gives your readers enough information to find the
source without your help. Build
your Source List as you write.
· Type “Sources” at the top of a new page.
· Include a numbered list of the sources you used in your paper
(the numbers
indicate the order in which you used them).
1. Use the number one (1) for the first source used in the paper,
the number
two (2) for the second source, and so on.
2. Use the same number for a source if you use it multiple
times.
· Ensure each source includes five parts: author or
organization, publication date,
title, page number (if needed), and how to find it. If you have
trouble finding
these details, then re-evaluate the credibility of your source.
· Use the browser link for a public webpage.
· Use a permalink for a webpage when possible. Find tips here.
· Instruct your readers how to find all sources that do not have
a browser link
or a permalink.
· Separate each Source List Element with a period on your
Source List.

AUTHOR PUBLICATION DATE TITLE PAGE NO. HOW TO
FIND
The person(s) who
published the source. This
can be a single person,
a group of people, or an
organization. If the source
has no author, use “No
author” where you would
list the author.
The date the source was
published. If the source
has no publication date,
use “No date” where you
would list the date.
The title of the
source. If the
source has no title,
use “No title”
where you would
list the title.
The page
number(s) used. If
the source has no
page numbers,
omit this section
from your Source
List Entry.
Instruct readers how to find
all sources. Keep explanations

simple and concise, but
provide enough information
so the source can be located.
Note: It is your responsibility
to make sure the source can
be found.
Michael Harvey
In the case of multiple
authors, only list the first.
2013
This is not the same as
copyright date, which is
denoted by ©
The Nuts &
Bolts of College
Writing
p. 1
Include p. and
the page(s) used.
http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.
ebscohost.com/login.aspx
Setting Up the
Source List Page

Creating a
Source List Entry
Source List Elements
1. Michael Harvey. 2013. The Nuts & Bolts of College Writing.
p. 1. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx
1. Michael Harvey. 2013. The Nuts & Bolts of College Writing.
p. 1. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.
ebscohost.com/login.aspx
2. William R. Stanek. 2010. Storyboarding Techniques chapter
in Effective Writing for Business, College and Life. http://
libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login
.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=359141&site=e
ds-live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_23
3. Zyad Hicham. 2017. Vocabulary Growth in College-Level
Students’ Narrative Writing. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&d
b=edsdoj&AN=edsdoj.9b7fad40e529462bafe3a936
aaf81420&site=eds-live&scope=site
4. Anya Kamenetz. July 10, 2015. The Writing Assignment That
Changes Lives. https://www.npr.org/sections/
ed/2015/07/10/419202925/the-writing-assignment-that-changes-

lives
5. Brad Thor. June 14, 2016. The Best Writing Advice I Ever
Got. http://time.com/4363050/brad-thor-best-writing-advice/
6. Karen Hertzberg. June 15, 2017. How to Improve Writing
Skills in 15 Easy Steps. https://www.grammarly.com/blog/
how-to-improve-writing-skills/
7. Roy Peter Clark. 2008. Writing Tools: 55 Essential Strategies
for Every Writer. p.55-67. Book on Amazon.com.
8. C.M. Gill. 2014. The Psychology of Grading and Scoring
chapter in Essential Writing Skills for College & Beyond.
Textbook.
9. ABC Company’s Policy & Procedures Committee. No Date.
Employee Dress and Attendance Policy. Policy in my office.
10. Henry M. Sayre. 2014. The Humanities: Culture, Continuity
and Change, Vol. 1. This is the HUM111 textbook.
11. Savannah Student. 2018. Image. http://www.studentsite.com
12. Don Dollarsign. 2018. Chart.
http://www.allaboutthemoney.com
13. Company Newsletter Name. 2018. Table. Company
Newsletter Printed Copy (provided upon request).

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