The document discusses various social security measures aimed at providing protection to different segments of society, including industrial workers, civil servants, and the general public. It covers aspects such as social insurance and assistance, outlining key benefits and schemes like maternity benefits, health insurance, and pension plans. Additionally, it highlights the differences between social insurance and assistance, as well as specific programs targeted at unorganized sector workers and rural populations.

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SOCIAL SECURITY
MEASURES

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CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Society
• Social security
• Social security for industrial workers
• Social security for civil servants
• Social security for general public
• Summary

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Society
• Group of people settle down and organize themselves form society.
• Organisation of member agents.
• Controls and regulates the behaviour of the individual by law and
customs.

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Social security
• Definition
• The Security which society furnishes through appropriate
organisation against certain risks to which its members are
perennially exposed
- International labour organisation

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To whom?
• Physical risks
• Injuries, sickness, disability, old age, maternity, accident and death
• Economic risks
• Unemployment
• Social
• Widowhood

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Aim
• Comprehensive scheme of social security cover all contingencies lead
to reduction of income
1. Compensation
2. Prevention
3. Restoration

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Aim
• Amount of benefit such to permit maintenance
reasonable standard of living
Compensation
• To improve conditions of work(reduction in
working hours, better lighting , waste disposal ,
protective equipment)
Prevention
• Early restoration of the workers to normal
occupation
Restoration

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Approaches to social security
•Social insurance
•Social assistance

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Social Insurance
• Compulsory mutual aid
• Beneficiaries make contributions towards creation of common pool
out of which benefits paid to members in the event of any
contingency and also state

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Social Insurance
Industrial workers
• Workmen’s
compensation act 1923
• ESI act 1948
• Central Maternity
benefit act 1961
• Family pension scheme
1971
Civil servants
• Pension
• Gratuity
• provident fund
• Family pension schemes
• Comprehensive medical
care
General public
• Life insurance
corporation of India
• Public Provident Fund
Scheme

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Social assistance
• not an insurance.
• no contribution system.
• entitles persons like unemployed, disabled, old, widows, orphans,
handicapped, etc.
• fund is from the general revenues.

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Difference between social assistance and social insurance
Social assistance Social insurance
No contribution system Contribution not only by
employees but also employers and
the organisation
Members receive the benefit of
cash or kind by sympathy or
charity
Not by sympathy but by a matter
of right
Not involved Members actively involved in
economic planning
Who cannot contribute money Suitable to workers who can
contribute money

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Difference between social assistance and social insurance
Social assistance Social insurance
Beneficiaries:
unemployed, widows, orphans,
handicapped, old age people
Beneficiaries:
Industrial workers, employees of
central and state govt

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Features of social security
• Coverage of the whole population
• Coverage of all principal contingencies
• Adequate medical and allied services
• Benefits—adequate to replace lost earnings
• Contributions—specifically by the employer, employee and State Government
• Administration by tripartite organization.

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Social security for industrial
workers

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Sectors
Organised sector
Registered and follows
rules and regulations
Have employer and
employees union
Unorganised sector
Production or service
oriented enterprise
owned by individuals or
self employed workers
Employees not exceed
than 10

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Schemes for organised
sector

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Workmen’s compensation act 1923
• Payment of compensation to workers for death, permanent
disablement
• Death – 40% of the monthly wage of the deceased workman multiplied by the
relevant factor, or Rs. 20,000; whichever is more.
• Permanent total disablement – 50% of the monthly wage, multiplied by the
relevant factor; or Rs. 24,000; whichever is more.
• Permanent partial disablement – compensation is a percentage of that
payable in the case of total permanent disablement.
• Temporary disablement – A sum equal to 25% of the monthly wages of the
workman shall be paid half- monthly.

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Employees state Insurance Act 1948
• Passed in 1948
• Provides certain cash and medical benefits to industrial employees in
case of sickness, maternity and employment injury.

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ESI – Administration – ESI corporation
Chairman – Union Minister for labour
Vice chairman – the secretary to Govt of India ministry of Labour
Members from state and central govt, employee and employers
association, medical profession, parliament

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ESI – Finance
• Contributions by employees and employers and grants from Central and
State Governments.
• Employer contributes 4.75% of total wage bill.
• Employee contributes 1.75% of total wage bill.
• State govt shares expenditure on medical care 1/8 of total cost of medical
care
• 7/8 by ESI corporation

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ESI – Benefits
• Medical benefit
• Sickness benefit
• Maternity benefit
• Disablement benefit
• Dependant’s benefit
• Funeral expenses
• Rehabilitation allowance

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ESI – Medical Benefits
• Services
• Op care/Supply of drugs and dressings
• Specialist services/Pathological and radiological services
• Domiciliary services
• Antenatal, natal, postnatal services/family planning/ Immunization services
• Emergency and ambulance services
• Health education
• Inpatient services

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ESI – Medical Benefits
Direct pattern
• Agency of ESI hospitals and
dispensaries
• In areas having concentration of 1000
or more employees family units – full
time service dispensaries
• In areas having concentration less than
750 employees family units – part time
service dispensaries
• Scattered – mobile dispensaries
Indirect pattern
• Panel system
• Insurance medical
practitioners
• Restricted medical care –
only OP

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ESI – Medical Benefits
• Other medical facilities
• Dentures, spectacles, hearing aids provided free of cost
• Artificial limbs
• Special appliances such hernia belts, walking calipers, surgical boosts,
spinal braces, jackets

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ESI – Sickness Benefits
• Periodical case payment to an insured person in case of sickness.
• Maximum period of 91 days, in any continuous period of 365 days
suffered from long term diseases as listed (34 diseases)

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ESI – Maternity Benefits
• For confinement - 26 weeks
• For miscarriage - 6 weeks
• For sickness arising out of confinement - 30 days
• Rate of confinement expenses rises up to Rs 5,000

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ESI – Disablement Benefits
• Cash payment in event of temporary and permanent disablement by
occupational diseases and injuries
• Temporary – 90% of wages as long as disability lasts
• Permanent –
• Total – life pension basis loss of earning capacity determined by medical
board
• Partial – a portion of it granted as life pension

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ESI – Dependent’s Benefits
• Death due to employment injury
• Pension at the rate of 90% wages shared by dependents in a fixed
ration, on monthly basis
• Eligible son/daughter up to age 18
• 3/5 rate for widow for life or until marriage

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ESI – Funeral expenses
• Amount not exceeding Rs 10,000

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ESI – Rehabilitation
• On monthly payment of Rs 10, the insured person and his family
members continue their medical treatment

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Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojana
• Provides an unemployment allowance for the employees covered
under ESI due to retrenchment/closure of factory with certain
eligibility conditions
• Effect from 2005, April
• Maximum period of 6 months

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Central Maternity Benefit Act 1961
• Eligible for maternity benefits after completion of 80 days of service.
• Maternity benefit to be allowed on submission of medical certificate.
• Cash benefit to be paid by employer in organizations where perinatal
and postnatal care is not provided free of charge.
• The pregnant employee should not be given any work that could
adversely affect her health or that of the fetus.

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Mahatma Gandhi Pravasi Suraksha Yojana
• social security scheme which includes Pension and Life Insurance,
introduced by Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs for the overseas Indian
workers in possession of Emigration Check Required (ECR) passports.
• voluntary scheme designed to help workers to meet their three financial
needs: saving for retirement, saving for their return and resettlement,
and providing free life insurance offering coverage for death from
natural cause

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Schemes for unorganised
sector

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Unorganised sector workers social security act 2005
National social
authority security
Supervisory
board
50% representatives of
unorganised sector
Professionals
Executive board
Managing
director
Two executive
directors
Facilitating
agencies

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Unorganised sector workers social security act 2005
• Facilitating agencies
• Self help groups and their associations
• Post office
• Co – operative societies
• Micro financing institutions
• Trade unions
• Village panchayat
• Urban local body
• Existing welfare bodies

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The Krishi Shramik Samajik Suraksha Yojana 2001
• Launched on 1 July,2001
• To cover 10 lakh agricultural workers at the rate of 20,000
agricultural workers from each district
• To provide life – cum accident insurance, money – back, pension
and superannuation benefits to the agricultural workers

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Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana
• National health insurance scheme
• Health insurance coverage for workers of BPL of unorganised sector
• Launched by Ministry of Labour and employment, GoI on October 1,
2007.
• To provide cashless insurance for hospitalization in public and private
hospitals
• RSBY scheme transferred to Ministry of health and Family welfare (2015)

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RSBY- Objectives
• To provide financial benefits to BPL families from the liabilities arising
out of health shocks that invite hospitalization
• To improve access to quality health care

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RSBY- Beneficiaries
• Workers of unorganised sector belongs to BPL category and their
family members
• Others : building and other construction workers, licensed railway
porters, street vendors, beedi workers, domestic workers, sanitation
workers,mine workers, rickshaw pullers, rag pickers, auto/ taxi drivers

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Atal pension scheme
• Previously known as swavalanban scheme
• Targetted people under unorganised sector now replaced APY
targeting all subscribed workers
• Launched on 2015.
• Minimum age 18 -40 years

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Atal pension scheme
• Guaranteed pension scheme announced by GoI ranging from Rs 1000 – Rs
5000 per month
• Administered by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority
• ICICI Bank is registered with PFRDA to provide APY related services.
• GoI will also co-contribute 50% of the subscriber’s contribution or Rs. 1,000
per annum, whichever is lower. The Government co-contribution is available
for those who are not covered by any Statutory Social Security Schemes and is
not an Income Tax payer

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Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM- KISAN)
• For agricultural workers
• Launched on 2018
• Financial benefit has been provided to all Small and Marginal
landholder farmer families with total cultivable holding up to 2
hectares with a benefit of Rs.6000 per annum per family payable in
three equal instalments, every four months.

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Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Mandhan
• Introduced by GoI for poor labourers in the unorganised sector from
minimum 18years of age to maximum 40 years.
• Monthly pension of ₹3,000 is provided over 60 years of age.
• Workers have to contribute ₹55 monthly (for age 18) and it varies
according to age.
• Maximum contribution for a year cannot exceed ₹2400 (Rs.200 per
month).

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Social security for civil
servants

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For civil servants
• Pension
• Gratuity
• Provident fund
• Family pension scheme
• Maternity benefit
• Comprehensive medical care

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Schemes for General Public

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Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana
• Launched on October 2, 2007
• Security scheme for Rural landless house holds. The head of the family or
one earning member in the family of such household
• Beneficiary – aged 18 - 59 years
• Funding – maintained by Life Insurance Corporation
• A premium of Rs. 200 per person, per annum is shared equally by central
and state governments

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Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana
On natural death Rs 30,000
On death due to accident/ permanent
disability
Rs 75,000
On partial permanent disability due to
accident
Rs 37,500

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Ayushman Bharat
• National Health Protection Scheme- Pradhan mandri Jan Arogya
Yojana
• Launched on Sep 23, 2018
• To provide social security to poor
• Largest government sponsored health care scheme

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Aim
To provide service to create a healthy,
capable content new India, by providing
quality health care insurance coverage to the
poor
Goal
1. To create network of health
infrastructure across the country to
deliver comprehensive primary health
care services
2. To provide insurance cover to at least
40% of India’s total population, which is
majorly deprived of secondary and
tertiary health care services

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PMJAY- Eligibility
• SECC by GoI 2011
• No limitation of family members
• Target group – family with no adult member 16-59 years, family headed
by one female member, SC/ST household, labor class, primitive tribal
group, domestic worker, street workers, plumber, painter, welder,
construction workers, transport workers, beneficiaries of RSBY

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PMJAY
Ayushman Mitra – in empaneled hospitals, To guide patients
about the process and co ordinate with the hospital

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PMJAY- Benefits
1. A cover of 5 lakhs per BPL family/year for secondary and tertiary
health care services & 30% of total package charges maximum of 1.5
lakh for APL families
2. 100%cashless benefit from any public or private empaneled hospitals
3. Defined transport allowance
4. Pre and post hospitalization expense benefits

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PMJAY- Benefits
5. Follow up care benefits
6. New-born child/ children benefits
7. AYUSH covered
8. Pre – existing disease will be covered from 1 day of enrolment of
the scheme with certain exclusion

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Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment
Gaurantee Act
• Aims at enhancing the livelihood security of people in rural areas by
guaranteeing hundred days of wage-employment in a financial year to
a rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled
manual work.

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National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)
• Launched on 1995
• Social assistance
• To provide support to aged persons, widows, disabled persons and bereaved families on
death of primary bread winner, belonging to below poverty line households.
• Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS),
• Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS),
• Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS),
• National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)
• Annapurna.

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Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme
(IGNOAPS)
• To provide social protection to the eligible beneficiaries
• By Ministry of Rural development India in the year 2007 under NSAP
• Social assistance
• Eligibility - > 60 years, BPL, no financial support by family members
• Benefits – monthly pension Rs 200 for 60 – 79 years, Rs 500 for above
80 years

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Indira Gandhi National widow Pension Scheme
• The eligible age is 40 years and the pension is Rs.300 per month.
• After attaining the age of 80 years, the beneficiary will get Rs.500/ -
per month.

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Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme
• The eligible age for the pensioner is 18 years and
above and the disability level has to be 80%.
• The amount is Rs.300 per month and after attaining
the age of 80 years, the beneficiary will get Rs 500/
- per month .
• Dwarfs will also be a n eligible category for this
pension.

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National Family Benefit Scheme
• Rs. 20000/ - will be given as a lumpsum assistance to the bereaved
household in the event of death of the bread - winner.(> 18 - <60 years)
• Family benefit will be paid to such surviving member of the household
of the deceased poor , who after local inquiry, is found to be the head of
the household.
• For the purpose of the scheme, the term “household’ would include
spouse, minor children, unmarried daughters and dependent parents

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Annapurna scheme
• 10 kgs of food grains (wheat or rice) is given per month per
beneficiary.
• To provide food security to meet the requirements of those eligible
old aged persons who have remained uncovered under the IGNOAPS

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Central Victim Compensation Fund scheme(CVCF)
• To encourage States/UTs to effectively implement the Victim
Compensation Schemes (VCS) notified by them under the provisions of
section 357A of Cr.P.C. and continue financial support to victims of various
crimes especially sexual offences including rape, acid attacks, crime
against children, human trafficking etc
• So far 24 states and 7 UTs have formulated the Victim Compensation
Scheme.

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Central Victim Compensation Fund scheme(CVCF)
1 Acid attack Rs. 3 lakhs
2 Rape Rs. 3 lakhs
3 Physical abuse of minor Rs. 2 laths
4 Rehabilitation of victim of Human Trafficking Rs. 1 lakh
5 Sexual assault(Excluding rape) Rs. 50,000/-
6 Permanent Disability(80% or more) Rs. 2 lakhs
7 Death Rs. 2 lakhs
8 Partial Disability (40% to 80%) Rs. 1 lakh
9 Burns affecting greater than 25% of the body (excluding Acid Attack cases) Rs. 2 lakhs
10 Loss of fertility Rs. 50,000/-
11 Loss of foetus Rs. 1.5 laths
12 Women victims of cross border firing:
(a) Death or Permanent Disability (80% or more)
(b) Partial Disability
Rs. 2 laths
Rs. 1 lakh

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References
• National social assistance program. http://nsap.nic.in/ Accessed on July 4, 2019
• Park K. Medicine and Social sciences . Park’s Textbook of PREVENTIVE AND
SOCIAL MEDICINE ed.25th.
Jabalpur:M/sBANARSIDAS BHANOT; 2019. p.724 –
761
• Mathur J S. Social security. Preventive and Social medicine. Ed. 1st
. New delhi:
CBS publishers; 2011. p. 114 -123
• Suryakantha. Social security. Recent advances in community Medicine. Ed 4th
.
2019. p. 123-126
• Kishore. National health programs.
• www.pmjay.nic.in Accessed on July 4, 2019

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Thank you