This document discusses the social dimension of education. It defines education and outlines the four pillars of education according to UNESCO: learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together, and learning to be. The document also examines various philosophies of education including realism, idealism, naturalism, humanism, pragmatism, existentialism, essentialism, progressivism, constructivism, reconstructivism, perennialism, behaviorism, and nationalism.

1. SOCIAL DIMENSION OF EDUCATION
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION SUBJECT
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2. Definition of Education
Education is the process of acquiring
knowledge, habits, attitudes, interest,
skills, and abilities and other human
qualities through training, self-activity,
and transmitting these vital elements of
human civilization to posterity.

4. Four Pillars of
Education
The Four Pillars of Education
all started with the report
entitled “Learning the
Treasure Within” of the
International Commission of
Education for the Twenty-first
Century, chaired by Jacques
Delors in 1996. It was
published by UNESCO

5. Learning to
Know
Implies learning how to
learn by developing
one’s concentration,
memory skills and ability
to think; acquiring the
instrument of
understanding.
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6. Learning to
Do
Represents the
skillful, creative
and discerning
application of
knowledge.
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7. Learning to Live
Together
• Vital in building a
genuine and lasting
culture of peace in the
world.
• Can be achieved by
developing an
understanding of others
and their history,
traditions and spiritual
values, and appreciation
of interdependence
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8. Learning to
Be
• It refers to the
role of education
in developing all
the dimensions of
the complete
person.
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9. Philosophies of
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10. REALISM
• Concerns with the actualities of life, what is real
• Ultimate reality is the world of physical objects.
Hence, reality is independent of the human mind.
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11. REALISM
•Advocates: Aristotle, St.
Thomas and Jonathan Herbart
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12. IDEALISM
• Emphasis is given on knowledge obtained by speculation and
reasoning for its central tenet is that ideas are the only thing worth
knowing for
• Focus is on conscious reasoning of the mind in order to attain truth.
This includes the activities pertinent to the human mind such as
introspection and intuition and the use of logic
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Advocates: Socrates, Plato

13. NATURALISM
• Advocates: JJ
Rousseau, John Lock,
Montaigne
• Preserves the natural
goodness of man
• Truth can only be
found through nature
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14. HUMANISM
Rooted in the economic
and political changes
during the Renaissance
period
Three main lines of growth
1.Intellectual (includes
Education)
2.Aesthetics
3. Scientific
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Advocate: Da
Feltre, Erasmus,
Pestalozzi

15. PRAGMATISM
• What is experienced
and observed is true.
Hence, what is useful is
true: U=T
• Synonymous to
functionality and
practicality
• Focuses more on
“praxis”
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Advocate: Charles Sanders Peirce,
John Dewey

16. EXISTENTIALISM
Rooted from the
dehumanization of man by
technology and reaction to the
traditional Philosophy of Kant and
Hegel
Defining feature is “existence
precede essence” – man
conceives and makes of himself
Known as the Philosophy of
Subjectivity: proclaims man’s
freedom in the accomplishment of
his destiny
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Advocate: Soren Kierkegaard, Jean Paul Sartre

17. ESSENTIALISM
• Refers to the traditional or back to the basic approach in education
• Concerns with the fundamental of education skill and knowledge
without which a person can’t either be efficient individually or
socially
• Focuses on the “basics” – reading, writing, speaking and the ability
to compute
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Advocate: William Bagley, James Koerner, H.G Rickover, Paul Copperman

18. PROGRESSIVISM
• Contrasted the traditional view of
essentialism and perennialism
• Emphasizes change and growth
• Stresses that man is a social animal
who learns well through active interplay
with others
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Advocate: John Dewey

19. CONSTRUCTIVISM
• A philosophy of learning which
asserts that reality does not exist
outside of human conceptions. It
is the individual that construct
reality by reflecting on his own
experience and gives meaning
to it.
• Learning is the process of
adjusting one’s mental modes to
accommodate new experience
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20. Reconstructivism
• A philosophy that aims to awaken the
consciousness of individual about the
social issues, concerns and problems
that confront him. This should involve
him to look for solutions and engage in
addressing this social concerns and
issues
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Advocate: Theodore Brameld, George Counts, Paulo Freire

21. PERENNIALISM
• The word itself means “eternal,” “ageless,” “everlasting”,
“unchanged”
• Influenced by the philosophy of realism
• Truth is universal and does not depend on circumstances of place,
time and person
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Advocate: Robert Hutchins, Mortimer Adler

22. BEHAVIORISM
• Asserts that human
beings are shaped
entirely by their
external environment
• The only reality is the
physical world
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Advocate: John Watson, BF Skinner

23. Nationalism
• Center of ideology is the concept of national
sovereignty
• Aims for the preservation and glorification of
the State
• Emphasis is on the development of loyalty,
patriotism, national feeling and responsible
citizenship
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Advocate: Jonathan Herbart, Johan Heinrich Pestalozzi