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Sekilas Sistem Ekonomi Islam
•Harta adalah segala sesuatu yang dapat dimanfaatkan
dlm berbagai urusan yg syar’i (jual beli, perdagangan,
hutang-piutang, konsumsi, atau hibah (hadiah). Kepemilikan
harta pada prinsipnya adalah ditangan Allah
•Ilmu Ekonomi dan Sistem Ekonomi
–Ilmu Ekonomi: ilmu yg membahas ttg produksi,
peningkatan kualitas produksi atau menciptakan
sarana produksi dan peningkatan kualitasnya.
–Sistem Ekonomi: hukum atau pandangan yg
membahas ttg cara pemilikan, bagaimana
mengelolanya, dan distribusi kekayaan, .
•Kapitalisme dan sosialisme tdk membedakan
ilmu dan sistem ekonomi
Asas-asas Sistem Ekonomi Islam
Kepemilikan (Al-milkiyah) Pengelolaan dan
Pemanfaatan Harta
(tashariful milkiyah)
Distribusi (tauzi’ al
amwal baina annas)
Jenis Kepemilikan
Sebab Kepemilikan :
Bekerja, Waris, Kebutuhan
darurat, Hadiah, Pemberian
Negara, Hadiah, Hibah,
Sedekah
Individu: Uang, Rumah,
Mobil, tanah dll
Umum: Tambang
(minyak, gas, emas dll),
mata air, Hutan, Jalan
raya, listrik, telpon dll
Negara: Zakat, Jizyah,
Kharaj, ghanimah, Harta
org tanpa ahli waris, Harta
org murtad dll
Pengembangan Harta
(tanmiyatul maal )
Pemanfaatan Harta
(infaq)
Mubah: Jual beli,, syirkah,
sew-menyewa, bertani dll
Haram: Riba, Judi, Menipu,
Penimbunan, Menyewakan
lahan pertanian, Industri
barang haram dll
Fardhu: nafkah wajib, jihad
Sunnah: hadiah, sedekah
Haram: Utk miras, judi,
narkoba,tabzir, riswah dll
Metode distribusi
•Mewajibkan zakat
•Pemberian negara
secara cuma-cuma
•Hak pemanfaatan
kepemilikan umum
•Pembagian harta
waris
Larangan (Haram):
Penimbunan emas-
perak/uang dan
barang, bakhil/kikir

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Sistem Ekonomi Islam.ppt

  • 1. Sekilas Sistem Ekonomi Islam •Harta adalah segala sesuatu yang dapat dimanfaatkan dlm berbagai urusan yg syar’i (jual beli, perdagangan, hutang-piutang, konsumsi, atau hibah (hadiah). Kepemilikan harta pada prinsipnya adalah ditangan Allah •Ilmu Ekonomi dan Sistem Ekonomi –Ilmu Ekonomi: ilmu yg membahas ttg produksi, peningkatan kualitas produksi atau menciptakan sarana produksi dan peningkatan kualitasnya. –Sistem Ekonomi: hukum atau pandangan yg membahas ttg cara pemilikan, bagaimana mengelolanya, dan distribusi kekayaan, . •Kapitalisme dan sosialisme tdk membedakan ilmu dan sistem ekonomi
  • 2. Asas-asas Sistem Ekonomi Islam Kepemilikan (Al-milkiyah) Pengelolaan dan Pemanfaatan Harta (tashariful milkiyah) Distribusi (tauzi’ al amwal baina annas) Jenis Kepemilikan Sebab Kepemilikan : Bekerja, Waris, Kebutuhan darurat, Hadiah, Pemberian Negara, Hadiah, Hibah, Sedekah Individu: Uang, Rumah, Mobil, tanah dll Umum: Tambang (minyak, gas, emas dll), mata air, Hutan, Jalan raya, listrik, telpon dll Negara: Zakat, Jizyah, Kharaj, ghanimah, Harta org tanpa ahli waris, Harta org murtad dll Pengembangan Harta (tanmiyatul maal ) Pemanfaatan Harta (infaq) Mubah: Jual beli,, syirkah, sew-menyewa, bertani dll Haram: Riba, Judi, Menipu, Penimbunan, Menyewakan lahan pertanian, Industri barang haram dll Fardhu: nafkah wajib, jihad Sunnah: hadiah, sedekah Haram: Utk miras, judi, narkoba,tabzir, riswah dll Metode distribusi •Mewajibkan zakat •Pemberian negara secara cuma-cuma •Hak pemanfaatan kepemilikan umum •Pembagian harta waris Larangan (Haram): Penimbunan emas- perak/uang dan barang, bakhil/kikir