This historic structure report provides background on the Shilling Building located at 511 E. 4th Street in Tonganoxie, Kansas. It discusses the building's architectural significance and existing condition. The report finds the building was constructed in 1890 and has housed a variety of commercial tenants over time. Key recommendations include repairing water damage, preserving the storefront, and exploring options to make the second floor accessible and profitable again. The building is representative of Tonganoxie's commercial development in the late 19th/early 20th century as the town grew along the Union Pacific Railroad line.

1.
The
Shilling
Building
511
E.
4th
Street
,
Tonganoxie,
Kansas
Historic
Structure
Report
&
Treatment
Recommendations
Matt
Buchanan
&
Toby
Moody
UBPL
760:
Historic
Preservation
Planning

2. Buchanan
&
Moody,
2
Table
of
Contents
Introduction……………..3
Historical
Context……………..4
Property
History……………..7
Historical
Significance
Evaluation……………..9
Architectural
Significance
and
Existing
Condition
Evaluation……………..10
Treatment
Recommendations……………..15
Conclusion……………..19
Bibliography……………..20

3. Buchanan
&
Moody,
3
Introduction
The
Shilling
Electric
Company
in
Tonganoxie,
Kansas,
occupies
the
historic
commercial
building
at
511
E.
4th
Street
in
Tonganoxie’s
historic
downtown.
Because
Shilling
Electric
is
the
longest
and
most
identifiable
tenant
in
the
building’s
history,
we
have
named
the
structure
the
“Shilling
Building”
for
convenience
in
this
historic
structure
report.
The
purpose
of
this
document
is
to
outline
the
building’s
history
in
context
and
evaluate
its
architectural
features.
This
assessment
will
lead
to
a
series
of
recommendations
aimed
at
preserving
the
building
and
its
architectural
integrity
by
preserving
or
restoring
its
most
character-­‐defining
features
and
enhancing
the
building’s
use
into
the
future
by
considering
rehabilitation
possibilities
for
more
deteriorated
or
underutilized
portions
of
the
building.
The
most
important
recommendations
include
replacing
the
roof
and
repairing
water
damage,
preserving
and
restoring
the
storefront,
and
then
exploring
options
to
increase
accessibility
and
create
a
profitable
use
for
the
second
story.

4. Buchanan
&
Moody,
4
Historic
Context
The
early
development
of
Tonganoxie
during
the
late
19th
and
early
20th
centuries
was
not
unlike
that
of
other
emerging
settlements
of
the
time.
According
to
a
Kansas
State
Historical
Society
context
statement,
town
development
in
Kansas
during
this
time
exhibited
several
common
similarities.
For
instance,
most
were
first
developed
due
to
their
proximity
to
river
or
rail
transportation
networks.
These
towns
were
initially
comprised
of
quickly
constructed
structures
made
from
native
materials.
Once
a
settlement
attracted
some
regional
prominence,
more
substantial
buildings
were
erected
using
prefabricated
materials
shipped
from
manufacturing
centers
in
Ohio
and
elsewhere
(Historic
Preservation
Department,
1987).
This
pattern
is
consistent
with
Tonganoxie’s
early
development.
The
Union
Pacific
Railroad
led
to
the
founding
of
Tonge-­‐Noxie
in
1866
by
Magdalena
Bury.
The
first
structures
were
constructed
of
clapboard
or
rough
native
lumber
(City
of
Tonganoxie,
2013).
By
the
1880s
and
1890s,
the
City
had
established
itself
as
a
prominent
location
between
the
regional
hubs
of
Leavenworth
and
Lawrence.
As
such,
Tonganoxie
experienced
a
major
building
boom,
which
included
the
construction
of
what
is
now
known
as
the
Shilling
Building
(Lenahan,
1981).
Figure
1:
Downtown
Tonganoxie
in
1907.
Source:
Northeast
Kansas
Memory
Basket
Tonganoxie.

5. Buchanan
&
Moody,
5
Most
emerging
small
Kansas
towns
during
this
period
had
at
least
one
grocery
store,
bank,
saloon,
bakery,
confectionary,
drug
store,
agricultural
implement
dealer,
and
a
combined
furniture
store
and
mortuary
(Historic
Preservation
Department,
1987).
A
1913
Sanborn
Fire
Insurance
Map
of
downtown
Tonganoxie
reveals
the
community
had
all
of
these
types
of
establishments,
as
well
as
a
cigar
factory,
boarding
house,
jeweler,
photography
studio,
and
even
an
auto
shop
(Kansas
Sanborn
Fire
Insurance
Maps,
1913).
The
Shilling
Building
itself
is
believed
to
have
served
a
variety
of
functions
during
its
existence,
which
was
common
among
small
Kansas
towns
taking
shape
around
the
turn
of
the
20th
century.
Figure
2:
Tonganoxie
in
1867—buildings
primarily
made
from
clapboard
and
native-­‐
lumber.
Source:
John
Cass
Lenahan,
Sr.’s
Yesteryears
(1987).
Figure
3:
Tonganoxie
in
1919—more
substantial
structures
built
during
the
building
boom
between
1890-­‐1910.
Source:
John
Cass
Lenahan,
(2008).

6. Buchanan
&
Moody,
6
Figure
4:
Sanborn
Map
of
Tonganoxie
in
1913
Source:
Kenneth
Spencer
Research
Library,
University
of
Kansas.

7. Buchanan
&
Moody,
7
Figure
5:
North
side
of
the
500
block
of
East
4th
Street
in
1919.
The
property
known
today
as
Shilling
Electric
is
furthest
to
the
right.
Source:
Northeast
Kansas
Memory
Basket:
Tonganoxie.
Property
History
The
Shilling
Building
was
constructed
by
W.C.
Phenicie
of
Reno,
Kansas
in
1890.
Phenicie
was
a
“highly
respected”
farmer
and
stock-­‐raiser
in
the
Reno
and
Tonganoxie
areas
(Shilling,
2013).
Phenicie
had
previously
served
in
the
29th
Indiana
Volunteer
Infantry
during
the
Civil
War
before
moving
to
Kansas
(Cutler,
1883).
Phenicie
was
a
major
landowner
who
constructed
and
leased
several
properties
in
and
around
Tonganoxie
(Shilling,
2013).
He
also
served
as
the
Vice
President
of
the
Tonganoxie
State
Bank
in
1918
(Kansas
Department
of
Banking,
1918).
It
is
unknown
what
the
Shilling
Building
was
initially
built
and
used
for
in
1890,
but
some
locals
claim
that
it
was
used
as
a
mortuary
and
furniture
store
from
1900
until
1921
(Quisenberry
Funeral
Home,
2011).
The
Shillings
support
this
belief;
however,
Sanborn
Fire
Insurance
Maps
indicate
that
the
property
had
been
used
for
hardware
and
agricultural
implement
sales
during
part
of
this
time
(1913).

8. Buchanan
&
Moody,
8
The
words
“Ecker
Hardware”
are
scribbled
in
pencil
on
an
interior
second
story
wall,
which
helps
corroborate
the
claim.
It
is
certain,
however,
that
the
structure
had
always
been
used
for
commercial
purposes,
and
the
second
story
had
always
been
used
for
storage
(Shilling,
2013).
Sometime
after
being
used
as
a
mortuary,
the
Shilling
Building
was
owned
by
the
Jahns
brothers,
who
operated
a
grocery
store
(Shilling,
2013).
In
1946,
Roger
Shilling’s
father
leased
the
property
from
the
Jahns
and
opened
his
electrical
parts
store.
Shilling
purchased
the
building
in
1948,
and
the
business
has
continued
to
operate
to
this
day.
Shilling
Electric
is
currently
owned
and
operated
by
Roger
Shilling
and
his
wife
Phyllis.
Figure
6:
Shilling
Electric
sometime
between
1946
and
1960.
Source:
Northeast
Kansas
Memory
Basket:
Tonganoxie.
Figure
7:
Shilling
Electric
in
November,
2013
Source:
Matt
Buchanan
(November
2013).

9. Buchanan
&
Moody,
9
Historical
Significance
Evaluation
The
argument
for
the
Shilling
Building’s
historical
significance
is
based
on
Criterion
A
of
the
National
Register’s
Criteria
for
Evaluation.
According
to
the
National
Register
Bulletin
15:
How
to
Apply
the
National
Register
Criteria
for
Evaluation,
Criterion
A
includes
properties
intimately
associated
with
historic
events
or
trends.
This
applies
to
structures
that
were
integral
in
the
early
settlement
and
emergence
of
historic
communities
(National
Register
Bulletin
#15,
1990).
The
Shilling
building
embodies
the
function
of
commerce;
its
history
is
tied
to
the
downtown
commercial
activity
and
development
of
Tonganoxie
and
the
Reno
Township
in
the
late
19th
to
early
20th
centuries.
The
commercial
development
of
the
area
is
significant
to
the
broad
patterns
of
local
and
regional
history.
The
scale,
form,
and
use
of
the
early
commercial
buildings
in
a
blossoming
town
influenced
the
settlement
patterns
of
the
area
and
“represents
the
town’s
growth
as
the
commercial
focus
of
the
surrounding
agricultural
area”
(National
Register
Bulletin
#15,
1990).
The
Shilling
Building
was
constructed
by
Mr.
Phenicie,
a
prominent
figure
in
local
real
estate
and
commercial
development,
and
its
historic
commercial
uses
firmly
situate
the
building
in
the
local
commercial
development.
The
small
central
business
district
that
grew
in
Tonganoxie
in
the
late
19th
century
is
indicative
of
the
overall
pattern
of
small-­‐town
development
in
the
Midwest.
Rail
transport
enabled
rural
communities
to
move
and
purchase
goods
and
begin
to
develop
permanent
downtowns
in
a
characteristic
pattern
of
development.
Communities
that
continued
to
thrive
as
small
economic
centers
within
an
agricultural
area
relied
on
the
town’s
ability
to
provide
essential
services
and
construct
an
inviting
and
vibrant
business
district
(Historic
Preservation
Department,
1987).
The
Shilling
Building,
dating
to
1890,
is
illustrative
of
distinct
small-­‐town
business
districts
essential
to
the
resilience
and
viability
of
a
local
business
district.

10. Buchanan
&
Moody,
10
Architectural
Significance
and
Existing
Condition
Evaluation
According
to
National
Register
Bulletin
15,
“A
property
that
is
significant
for
its
historic
association
(Criterion
A)
is
eligible
[for
listing
on
the
National
Register]
if
it
retains
the
essential
physical
features
that
made
up
its
character
or
appearance
during
the
period
of
its
association
with
the
important
event,
historical
pattern,
or
person”
(National
Register
Bulletin
#15,
1990).
The
Schilling
Building
retains
fair
to
good
architectural
integrity.
The
building
has
received
minimal
alterations
in
its
history,
which
has
resulted
both
in
a
high
degree
of
original
materials
being
retained
and
some
deterioration.
This
section
will
examine
the
building’s
characteristics,
discuss
the
modifications
that
have
been
made
to
the
building,
and
evaluate
exterior
and
interior
deterioration
in
order
to
make
better
informed
recommendations
for
treatment
in
the
subsequent
section.
The
Shilling
Building
is
a
typical
late
19th
century
downtown
commercial
block
structure.
It
is
rectangular
in
shape
and
exhibits
30’x100’
dimensions,
two
stories,
and
a
flat
roof.
Because
it
sits
on
a
zero-­‐lot
line,
it
directly
abuts
the
sidewalk
and
two
other
commercial
buildings.
The
interior
has
been
arranged
for
traditional
retail
use.
The
first
floor
interior
consists
of
a
very
large,
open
retail
space
that
occupies
the
front
3/4ths
of
the
building.
The
remainder
of
the
first
floor
is
sectioned
off
and
has
historically
been
used
for
retail
storage,
as
well
as
access
to
the
second
story.
The
upstairs
is
entirely
open,
and
has
always
been
used
for
additional
storage
(Shilling,
2013).
Figure
8:
Open
retail
space
on
the
first
floor
of
the
Shilling
Building
Source:
Matt
Buchanan
(November
2013).

11. Buchanan
&
Moody,
11
Figures
9,
10:
Open
storage
space
on
the
second
floor.
Source:
Matt
Buchanan
(November
2013).
As
a
traditional
commercial
block-­‐styled
structure,
the
Shilling
Building
exhibits
a
classic
storefront
façade.
This
includes
display
windows,
cast-­‐iron
posts,
and
a
recessed
entrance
that
help
create
clear
vertical
divisions
from
the
second
story.
The
street-­‐facing
façade
is
covered
in
original
red
brick.
The
upper
floor
includes
smaller
windows
and
plainer
decoration
and
is
capped
by
a
modestly
decorated
red
brick
cornice.
Although
unnoticeable
from
the
outside,
all
exterior
walls
are
made
of
local
stone.
All
the
structural
materials
are
reported
to
be
original
and
appear
to
be
fair
to
good
condition
(Shilling,
2013).
The
significant
decorative
features
remain
intact.
The
brick
cornice
is
original
and
in
reparable
condition.
The
cast-­‐iron
posts
(figures
13,
14)
that
frame
the
shop
entrance
are
original
and
intact
as
well.
They
are
in
fair
condition,
but
with
the
proper
treatment
could
be
better
preserved.
The
first-­‐story
storefront
windows
are
also
original.
The
wood
show
signs
of
wear,
but
may
be
repaired.

12. Buchanan
&
Moody,
12
Figures
13,
14:
Original
cast-­‐iron
posts
were
manufactured
by
Riverside
Iron
Works
of
Kansas
City.
Source:
Matt
Buchanan
(November
2013).
Figure
11:
Second
story
façade
windows
and
cornice
Source:
Matt
Buchanan
(November
2013).
Figure
12:
Original
second
story
windows
Source:
Matt
Buchanan
(November
2013).

13. Buchanan
&
Moody,
13
Other,
less
significant
features
have
less
integrity.
The
second-­‐story
windows
were
replaced
in
the
last
30
years,
but
the
owner
has
kept
the
original
windows
(Figure
12),
and
there
is
a
possibility
that
they
could
be
repaired
and
reused.
Doors
throughout
the
building
appear
to
be
intact
and
original
and
show
varying
degrees
of
deterioration.
The
front
door
in
the
storefront
is
the
most
significant
and
character-­‐
defining,
and
thus
should
receive
the
most
attention.
The
building
once
featured
a
chimney,
but
the
owner
recently
had
it
demolished
due
to
considerable
structural
damage.
Two
character-­‐defining
interior
features
are
original
to
the
building’s
construction
but
show
considerable
dilapidation.
The
original
wood
staircase
(Figure
14)
shows
considerable
rotting
and
is
most
likely
beyond
repair.
The
original
1890
elevator
(Figure
15)
is
preserved
but
has
been
inoperable
for
many
years.
The
owners
believe
it
had
been
frequently
used
when
the
building
served
as
a
furniture
store
and
mortuary,
and
more
recently
when
the
property
served
as
a
grocery
store.
The
elevator
has
never
been
upgraded,
and
because
the
second
story
has
been
underutilized
since
becoming
an
electric
store,
the
owner
has
opted
not
to
repair
the
elevator
to
date
(Shilling,
2013).
Keeping
the
elevator
intact
will
provide
future
generations
with
insight
into
how
the
building
had
been
historically
used.
Figure
14:
Damaged
original
staircase
Figure
15:
Inoperable
original
elevator
gears
Source:
Matt
Buchanan
(November
2013).

14. Buchanan
&
Moody,
14
The
building
has
received
very
few
alterations
in
its
lifespan.
The
first
story
store
looks
much
as
it
did
in
1890;
the
main
alteration
was
the
addition
of
pegboard
to
the
walls
in
the
1990s
(Shilling,
2013).
This
is
a
superficial
and
reversible
change
and
thus
does
not
compromise
the
building’s
integrity
in
any
meaningful
way.
The
owner
constructed
a
garage
that
abuts
the
backside
of
the
building
sometime
in
the
1960s-­‐70s.
The
metal
structure
is
painted
to
resemble
the
tan
color
of
the
building’s
stone
walls.
The
garage
is
not
structurally
integrated
with
the
building
and
could
be
removed
without
threatening
the
historic
structure.
Figure
16:
Garage
extension
on
rear
(north
side)
of
the
property
Source:
Matt
Buchanan
(November
2013).

15. Buchanan
&
Moody,
15
Treatment
Recommendations
Given
the
current
state
of
the
building,
this
historic
structures
report
recommends
that
certain
features
be
restored,
some
preserved,
and
some
rehabilitated.
Restoration
means
to
replace
historic
materials
that
are
deteriorated
beyond
repair
with
the
same
type
of
materials
that
are
differentiated
so
as
to
be
identifiable
as
new,
but
that
resemble
the
historical
material
sufficiently
to
integrate
cohesively
with
the
existing
historic
material.
This
is
useful
treatment,
for
example,
on
wooden
windows
that
have
major
water
damage
to
some,
but
not
all,
of
the
wooden
elements.
Restoration
will
be
part
of
the
recommendation
for
treating
the
storefront.
Preservation
means
to
leave
the
historic
materials.
It
is
suitable
for
materials
that
are
in
good
condition
and
can
provide
continued
use
with
minimal
work,
which
typically
includes
cleaning.
Preservation
is
the
preferred
option
for
the
most
significant
character-­‐defining
features.
Because
the
Shilling
Building
has
seen
little
alteration,
preservation
is
the
appropriate
treatment
for
elements
that
have
not
experienced
significant
deterioration
or
water
damage.
Rehabilitation
is
the
treatment
that
allows
the
greatest
freedom
in
altering
an
historic
building.
The
character-­‐defining
features
must
be
preserved
or
restored,
but
there
is
considerable
latitude
to
alter
the
use,
appearance,
or
configuration
of
the
space
as
a
whole.
The
goal
of
rehabilitation
is
to
provide
attractive,
modern
uses
that
enhance
the
economic
viability
of
the
building.
Rehabilitating
the
second
story
of
the
Shilling
Building
in
order
to
create
additional
revenue
is
an
important
option
to
explore.
The
biggest
threat
to
the
building’s
continued
use
is
the
roof;
leaks
and
deterioration
indicate
that
the
roof
should
be
entirely
replaced.
Continued
water
permeation
could
cause
further
damage
in
the
second
story
of
the
building.
Therefore,
the
first
and
most
critical
recommendation
of
this
report
is
to
repair
the
roof.
Without
a
sound
roof,
the
rest
of
the
building
faces
a
substantial
threat
to
its
integrity.

16. Buchanan
&
Moody,
16
Because
the
roof
leaks
have
not
been
addressed,
the
wood
floors
throughout
the
building
display
varying
degrees
of
water
damage.
The
wood
floor
of
the
upper
story
shows
considerable
deterioration,
primarily
due
to
the
roof
leaks,
and
is
unsafe
in
places.
The
first-­‐story
floor
appears
in
better
condition.
The
second-­‐story
floor,
because
it
is
less
significant
to
the
overall
integrity
of
the
building
and
in
worse
condition,
should
be
replaced
entirely.
The
first-­‐story
floor
is
more
significant
to
the
building’s
character
and
is
in
better
overall
condition.
Therefore
restoration
should
be
a
priority
where
damage
is
severe.
The
historic
storefront,
the
most
significant
exterior
element
of
the
building,
appears
fully
intact
and
in
fair
to
good
condition.
It
is
a
strong
candidate
for
preservation
and
restoration.
The
masonry
elements
of
the
storefront
appear
to
be
in
good
condition.
Cleaning
masonry
is
often
caustic
and
introduces
further
damage,
and
because
the
Shilling
Building’s
masonry
appears
in
good
condition,
no
cleaning
beyond
water
and
mild
detergent
is
recommended
(Preservation
Brief
#11,
2000).
The
windows
are
relatively
simple
and,
again,
appear
in
good
condition.
No
water
damage
is
evident,
and
so
routine
maintenance
is
all
that
is
likely
needed.
Removal
of
the
paint
and
inspection
of
the
stool,
sill,
and
casing
for
any
wood
rot
is
the
first
step.
If
the
wood
appears
in
good
condition
after
inspection,
weather-­‐
stripping
and
repainting
are
the
final
steps
(Preservation
Brief
#9,
2000).
The
cast
iron
posts
appear
to
be
in
need
of
cleaning
and
repainting.
It
is
not
evident
how
many
layers
of
paint
are
present
on
the
posts,
but
hand-­‐scraping
and
wire-­‐brushing
are
economic
and
effective
ways
to
remove
paint.
Any
rust
that
is
present
must
be
removed
before
repainting.
This
may
be
accomplished
by
wire-­‐brushing
or,
if
necessary,
low-­‐pressure
grit-­‐blasting
(Preservation
Brief
#11,
2000).
After
cleaning,
screws
and
bolts
should
be
caulked
to
protect
against
water
damage,
and
the
cast
iron
may
then
be
repainted.
Accessibility
is
one
major
challenge
that
the
building
faces.
Safe
and
easy
access
to
the
second
story
must
be
provided
before
any
second
story
use
can
be
considered.
The
historic
wooden
staircase
is
heavily
damaged
and
must
be
replaced.
Furthermore,
modern
legislation
and
accessibility
requirements

17. Buchanan
&
Moody,
17
make
equal
access
for
disabled
persons
a
civil
right,
a
notion
that
was
not
even
a
consideration
at
the
time
of
the
building’s
construction
(Preservation
Brief
#32,
2000).
Access
to
the
first
story
would
only
require
a
minor
modification
to
the
small
step
in
front
of
the
main
entrance,
but
providing
access
to
the
second
story
to
provide
additional
uses
is
a
challenge
and
expense.
Because
the
stairs
must
be
replaced,
however,
there
is
opportunity
to
address
accessibility.
One
option
would
be
to
create
parking
and
a
rear
entrance
by
removing
the
garage
structure.
Because
the
current
stairs
are
located
in
the
rear
of
the
building,
a
back
entrance
would
provide
equal
and
logical
access
to
upstairs
access
if
the
upper
story
ever
takes
on
a
commercial
use.
Installing
a
new
elevator
along
with
the
new
staircase
would
maximize
access
for
all
users
and
increase
the
attractiveness
of
second-­‐story
uses.
If
the
second
story
were
to
become
rental
space,
the
rear
entrance
would
provide
a
private
entrance
for
those
tenants
without
requiring
modification
to
the
historic
commercial
space
in
the
front
portion
of
the
first
story.
Making
the
historic
elevator
serviceable
seems
an
unlikely
option.
The
expense
of
repair
would
likely
exceed
the
cost
of
adding
a
second
elevator
in
the
rear,
and
its
location
in
the
main
commercial
space
would
require
awkward
reconfiguration
to
provide
private
or
separate
access
for
second-­‐floor
tenants.
Improving
the
appearance
of
the
existing
elevator
and
keeping
it
as-­‐is,
as
a
showpiece
of
the
historic
building’s
function,
is
a
more
realistic
option.
Rehabilitating
the
second
story,
although
not
an
immediate
priority
for
the
owners,
should
be
considered
in
advance
of
any
repairs.
Creating
usable,
rentable
spaces
on
the
upper
floor
would
strengthen
the
building’s
economic
future.
Second-­‐story
apartments
are
a
typical
solution
and
deserve
consideration,
but
do
not
appear
viable
at
this
point
in
Tonganoxie.
The
community’s
residential
development
is
expanding
on
the
periphery
of
town,
and
there
is
not
likely
to
be
a
market
for
downtown
apartments
in
the
foreseeable
future.

18. Buchanan
&
Moody,
18
Partitioning
the
space
to
create
private
offices
and
studios
seems
a
more
practical
option.
A
rear
entrance
to
the
building
could
lead
to
a
corridor
with
spaces
for
legal
or
professional
offices
or
services
like
a
massage
or
physical
therapy
studio.
Service
and
technology-­‐based
professions
are
increasing,
and
space
for
health-­‐care
oriented
professionals
could
provide
substantial
rental
income
for
the
property
owner
without
the
need
for
permanent
alterations
to
the
second
story.
Considering
the
building’s
future
in
the
landscape
of
the
community’s
changing
needs
is
vital
to
its
preservation
and
continued
use
(Brand,
Chapter
11,
1994).
The
first
story
displays
the
greater
degree
of
historical
significance
and
thus
should
received
less
modification,
but
“scenario
planning”
for
potential
demands
in
the
community
and
how
the
second
story
can
change
to
meet
those
demands
must
be
a
first
step
in
preparing
for
improvements
and
repairs
(Brand,
Chapter
11,
1994).
Although
a
second-­‐story
tenant
does
not
seem
a
real
possibility
today,
its
certainly
could
be
in
a
decade.
If
Tonganoxie’s
downtown
becomes
a
historic
district,
for
example,
grant
money
and
other
investments
would
be
an
avenue
for
revitalizing
the
downtown
landscape.
Replacing
the
roof
is
an
immediately
necessity.
The
owners
can,
however,
plan
and
budget
further
repairs
with
an
eye
toward
incrementally
creating
a
rehabilitated
second
floor
that
maintains
the
buildings
character
and
maximizes
it
economic
viability.

19. Buchanan
&
Moody,
19
Conclusion
The
Shilling
Building
is
a
significant
contributor
to
Tonganoxie’s
historic
downtown
and
has
a
rich
history
in
its
own
right.
The
owners
have
kept
the
most
important
features
intact,
but
a
minimum
set
of
repairs
is
badly
needed
to
ensure
the
buildings
use
and
integrity
into
the
future.
The
first
and
foremost
priority
is
to
replace
the
roof
and
address
all
water-­‐damage
created
by
leakage.
Other,
less
costly
repairs
will
preserve
and
protect
the
most
character-­‐defining
features.
There
is
potential
to
create
an
attractive
and
vibrant
downtown
in
Tonganoxie,
but
the
economic
conditions
and
development
patterns
at
present
are
not
conducive
to
making
significant
investments
in
the
building.
Nonetheless
maximizing
the
usable
space
in
the
building
is
vital
for
its
preservation,
and
the
suggestions
in
the
previous
section
provide
ideas
for
future
rehabilitation.
Tonganoxie’s
downtown
is
a
potential
historic
district.
Creating
public
awareness
of
both
economic
and
social
benefits
of
designating
the
area
is
paramount
to
a
successful
preservation
effort.
Relatively
simple
measures
like
restoring
downtown
storefronts
could
generate
additional
traffic
and
activity
in
the
downtown
that
would
make
rehabilitation
of
second
stories
for
commercial
or
even
residential
use
a
more
viable
possibility
in
Tonganoxie’s
future.
The
Shilling
Building
is
one
of
many
in
Tonganoxie’s
downtown
that
is
prime
for
additional
use
if
and
when
the
community
makes
protecting
its
historic
resources
a
priority.

20. Buchanan
&
Moody,
20
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