Using Feature Grouping as a Stochastic Regularizer for High Dimensional Noisy...WiMLDSMontreal
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"Using Feature Grouping as a Stochastic Regularizer for High Dimensional Noisy Data"
By SergĂŒl Aydöre, Assistant Professor at Stevens Institute of Technology
Abstract:
The use of complex models âwith many parametersâ is challenging with high-dimensional small-sample
problems: indeed, they face rapid overfitting. Such situations are common when data collection is expensive,
as in neuroscience, biology, or geology. Dedicated regularization can be crafted to tame overfit, typically via
structured penalties. But rich penalties require mathematical expertise and entail large computational costs.
Stochastic regularizers such as dropout are easier to implement: they prevent overfitting by random perturbations.
Used inside a stochastic optimizer, they come with little additional cost. We propose a structured stochastic
regularization that relies on feature grouping. Using a fast clustering algorithm, we define a family of
groups of features that capture feature covariations. We then randomly select these groups inside a stochastic
gradient descent loop. This procedure acts as a structured regularizer for high-dimensional correlated data
without additional computational cost and it has a denoising effect. We demonstrate the performance of our
approach for logistic regression both on a sample-limited face image dataset with varying additive noise and on
a typical high-dimensional learning problem, brain image classification.
Talk by Dr. Nikita Morikiakov on inverse problems in medical imaging with deep learning.
Inverse problem is the type of problems in natural sciences when one has to infer from a set of observations the causal factors that produced them. In medical imaging, important examples of inverse problems would be recontruction in CT and MRI, where the volumetric representation of an object is computed from the projection and Fourier space data respectively. In a classical approach, one relies on domain specific knowledge contained in physical-analytical models to develop a reconstruction algorithm, which is often given by a certain iterative refinement procedure. Recent research in inverse problems seeks to develop a mathematically coherent foundation for combining data driven models, based on deep learning, with the analytical knowledge contained in the classical reconstruction procedures. In this talk we will give a brief overview of these developments and then focus on particular applications in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and MRI reconstruction.
Minor Project Report on Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelsoxigoh238
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Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model
Contrastive models like CLIP as a key inspiration.
Demonstrates robust image representations capturing both semantics and style.
Project Objectives:
Two-stage model proposed:
Prior generating a CLIP image embedding from a given text.
Decoder generating an image based on these CLIP image embeddings.
Diffusion Deformable Model for 4D Temporal Medical Image GenerationBoahKim2
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Presentation file for "Diffusion Deformable Model for 4D Temporal Medical Image Generation" presented at the International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2022.
Using Feature Grouping as a Stochastic Regularizer for High Dimensional Noisy...WiMLDSMontreal
Â
"Using Feature Grouping as a Stochastic Regularizer for High Dimensional Noisy Data"
By SergĂŒl Aydöre, Assistant Professor at Stevens Institute of Technology
Abstract:
The use of complex models âwith many parametersâ is challenging with high-dimensional small-sample
problems: indeed, they face rapid overfitting. Such situations are common when data collection is expensive,
as in neuroscience, biology, or geology. Dedicated regularization can be crafted to tame overfit, typically via
structured penalties. But rich penalties require mathematical expertise and entail large computational costs.
Stochastic regularizers such as dropout are easier to implement: they prevent overfitting by random perturbations.
Used inside a stochastic optimizer, they come with little additional cost. We propose a structured stochastic
regularization that relies on feature grouping. Using a fast clustering algorithm, we define a family of
groups of features that capture feature covariations. We then randomly select these groups inside a stochastic
gradient descent loop. This procedure acts as a structured regularizer for high-dimensional correlated data
without additional computational cost and it has a denoising effect. We demonstrate the performance of our
approach for logistic regression both on a sample-limited face image dataset with varying additive noise and on
a typical high-dimensional learning problem, brain image classification.
Talk by Dr. Nikita Morikiakov on inverse problems in medical imaging with deep learning.
Inverse problem is the type of problems in natural sciences when one has to infer from a set of observations the causal factors that produced them. In medical imaging, important examples of inverse problems would be recontruction in CT and MRI, where the volumetric representation of an object is computed from the projection and Fourier space data respectively. In a classical approach, one relies on domain specific knowledge contained in physical-analytical models to develop a reconstruction algorithm, which is often given by a certain iterative refinement procedure. Recent research in inverse problems seeks to develop a mathematically coherent foundation for combining data driven models, based on deep learning, with the analytical knowledge contained in the classical reconstruction procedures. In this talk we will give a brief overview of these developments and then focus on particular applications in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and MRI reconstruction.
Minor Project Report on Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelsoxigoh238
Â
Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model
Contrastive models like CLIP as a key inspiration.
Demonstrates robust image representations capturing both semantics and style.
Project Objectives:
Two-stage model proposed:
Prior generating a CLIP image embedding from a given text.
Decoder generating an image based on these CLIP image embeddings.
Diffusion Deformable Model for 4D Temporal Medical Image GenerationBoahKim2
Â
Presentation file for "Diffusion Deformable Model for 4D Temporal Medical Image Generation" presented at the International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2022.
Master Thesis: Conformal multi-material mesh generation from labelled medical...Christian Kehl
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An important step in orthopaedic pre-operative planning is the generation of accurate volume meshes out of segmented volume image. These meshes are used in patient-specific, bio-mechanical finite element simulations to optimize positioning and design of implants. The development of accurate, multi-material volume meshing methods for medical applications is an active and interdisciplinary field of research. Several methods in the field that were proposed in recent years claim to accurately perform the task, each concept with its advantages and disadvantages. The approaches to the task are diverse. The question is: Which approach is the most suitable one? How do we evaluate the excellence of such methods ? What criteria can be applied to measure the quality of a multi-labelled volume mesh ? And which ones have the most impact on the subsequent simulation, so that stress calculations on the implant are realistic and correct ?
These are the basic research questions that are discussed in this work.
Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image SynthesisSeunghyun Hwang
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Review : Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesis
- by Seunghyun Hwang (Yonsei University, Severance Hospital, Center for Clinical Data Science)
Comparing Incremental Learning Strategies for Convolutional Neural NetworksVincenzo Lomonaco
Â
In the last decade, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown to perform incredibly well in many computer vision tasks such as object recognition and object detection, being able to extract meaningful high-level invariant features. However, partly because of their complex training and tricky hyper-parameters tuning, CNNs have been scarcely studied in the context of incremental learning where data are available in consecutive batches and retraining the model from scratch is unfeasible. In this work we compare different incremental learning strategies for CNN based architectures, targeting real-word applications.
If you are interested in this work please cite:
Lomonaco, V., & Maltoni, D. (2016, September). Comparing Incremental Learning Strategies for Convolutional Neural Networks. In IAPR Workshop on Artificial Neural Networks in Pattern Recognition (pp. 175-184). Springer International Publishing.
For further information visit my website: http://www.vincenzolomonaco.com/
ImageCLEF 2014 is part of the CLEF 2014 to be held in the city of Sheffield in the United Kingdom. It will organize the four main tasks to benchmark the challenging task of image annotation for a wide range of source images and annotation objective, such as general multi-domain images for object or concept detection, as well as domain-specific tasks such as visual-depth images for robot vision and volumetric medical images for automated structured reporting.
PhD defence public presentation, Bayesian methods for inverse problems with point clouds: applications to single-photon lidar, ENSEEHIT, Toulouse, France
A Probabilistic U-Net for Segmentation of Ambiguous ImagesSeunghyun Hwang
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Review : A Probabilistic U-Net for Segmentation of Ambiguous Images
- by Seunghyun Hwang (Yonsei University, Severance Hospital, Center for Clinical Data Science)
Adaptive K-Means Clustering Algorithm for MR Breast Image Segmentation
3D Brain Tumor Segmentation Scheme using K-mean Clustering and Connected Component Labeling Algorithms
Volume Identification and Estimation of MRI Brain Tumor
MRI Breast cancer diagnosis hybrid approach using adaptive Ant-based segmentation and Multilayer Perceptron NN classifier
Deep Generative model-based quality control for cardiac MRI segmentation Seunghyun Hwang
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Review : Deep Generative model-based quality control for cardiac MRI segmentation
- by Seunghyun Hwang (Yonsei University, Severance Hospital, Center for Clinical Data Science)
An Edge Detection Method for Hexagonal ImagesCSCJournals
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This paper presents a morphological image processing operation for hexagonally sampled images and proposes a new edge detection method for these images by using a grayscale morphology. This is achieved by applying morphological gradient operators and multiscale top-hat transformations (white and black top-hat transformations) to hexagonal images. The proposed study includes a method for converting hexagonally sampled images as well as the processing and subsequent display of images on a hexagonal grid. Performance evaluation were performed to assess the proposed method. The proposed study shows that a method of edge enhancement by applying three by three hexagonal structuring element achieves results superior to those of a rectangular images. The results indicated that the proposed edge detection algorithms improved substantially after implementation of the edge enhancement method.
Master Thesis: Conformal multi-material mesh generation from labelled medical...Christian Kehl
Â
An important step in orthopaedic pre-operative planning is the generation of accurate volume meshes out of segmented volume image. These meshes are used in patient-specific, bio-mechanical finite element simulations to optimize positioning and design of implants. The development of accurate, multi-material volume meshing methods for medical applications is an active and interdisciplinary field of research. Several methods in the field that were proposed in recent years claim to accurately perform the task, each concept with its advantages and disadvantages. The approaches to the task are diverse. The question is: Which approach is the most suitable one? How do we evaluate the excellence of such methods ? What criteria can be applied to measure the quality of a multi-labelled volume mesh ? And which ones have the most impact on the subsequent simulation, so that stress calculations on the implant are realistic and correct ?
These are the basic research questions that are discussed in this work.
Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image SynthesisSeunghyun Hwang
Â
Review : Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesis
- by Seunghyun Hwang (Yonsei University, Severance Hospital, Center for Clinical Data Science)
Comparing Incremental Learning Strategies for Convolutional Neural NetworksVincenzo Lomonaco
Â
In the last decade, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown to perform incredibly well in many computer vision tasks such as object recognition and object detection, being able to extract meaningful high-level invariant features. However, partly because of their complex training and tricky hyper-parameters tuning, CNNs have been scarcely studied in the context of incremental learning where data are available in consecutive batches and retraining the model from scratch is unfeasible. In this work we compare different incremental learning strategies for CNN based architectures, targeting real-word applications.
If you are interested in this work please cite:
Lomonaco, V., & Maltoni, D. (2016, September). Comparing Incremental Learning Strategies for Convolutional Neural Networks. In IAPR Workshop on Artificial Neural Networks in Pattern Recognition (pp. 175-184). Springer International Publishing.
For further information visit my website: http://www.vincenzolomonaco.com/
ImageCLEF 2014 is part of the CLEF 2014 to be held in the city of Sheffield in the United Kingdom. It will organize the four main tasks to benchmark the challenging task of image annotation for a wide range of source images and annotation objective, such as general multi-domain images for object or concept detection, as well as domain-specific tasks such as visual-depth images for robot vision and volumetric medical images for automated structured reporting.
PhD defence public presentation, Bayesian methods for inverse problems with point clouds: applications to single-photon lidar, ENSEEHIT, Toulouse, France
A Probabilistic U-Net for Segmentation of Ambiguous ImagesSeunghyun Hwang
Â
Review : A Probabilistic U-Net for Segmentation of Ambiguous Images
- by Seunghyun Hwang (Yonsei University, Severance Hospital, Center for Clinical Data Science)
Adaptive K-Means Clustering Algorithm for MR Breast Image Segmentation
3D Brain Tumor Segmentation Scheme using K-mean Clustering and Connected Component Labeling Algorithms
Volume Identification and Estimation of MRI Brain Tumor
MRI Breast cancer diagnosis hybrid approach using adaptive Ant-based segmentation and Multilayer Perceptron NN classifier
Deep Generative model-based quality control for cardiac MRI segmentation Seunghyun Hwang
Â
Review : Deep Generative model-based quality control for cardiac MRI segmentation
- by Seunghyun Hwang (Yonsei University, Severance Hospital, Center for Clinical Data Science)
An Edge Detection Method for Hexagonal ImagesCSCJournals
Â
This paper presents a morphological image processing operation for hexagonally sampled images and proposes a new edge detection method for these images by using a grayscale morphology. This is achieved by applying morphological gradient operators and multiscale top-hat transformations (white and black top-hat transformations) to hexagonal images. The proposed study includes a method for converting hexagonally sampled images as well as the processing and subsequent display of images on a hexagonal grid. Performance evaluation were performed to assess the proposed method. The proposed study shows that a method of edge enhancement by applying three by three hexagonal structuring element achieves results superior to those of a rectangular images. The results indicated that the proposed edge detection algorithms improved substantially after implementation of the edge enhancement method.
Similar to Score-based diffusion models for accelerated MRI.pptx (20)
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
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Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinsonâs Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
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Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinsonâs care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganongâs Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowmanâs Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actorâs Wellness Journeygreendigital
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Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
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Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
8. Score-based diffusion models for accelerated MRI
âą Agnostic to forward model
(sub-sampling pattern)
âą Superior performance,
especially high-frequency
detail
8 / 45
Chung & Ye. MeDIA 2022
9. Score-based diffusion models for accelerated MRI
âą Trained on DICOM (magnitude) images
âą Able to reconstruct complex-valued image data at inference time
âą Even extends to parallel imaging by reconstructing coil-wise
âą Very high generalization capacity
9 / 45
Chung & Ye. MeDIA 2022
10. Score-based diffusion models for accelerated MRI
Trained only on knee images, generalizes to other anatomy & contrast
10 / 45
Chung & Ye. MeDIA 2022
11. Score-based diffusion models for accelerated MRI
Trained only on knee images, generalizes to other anatomy & contrast
11 / 45
Chung & Ye. MeDIA 2022