Scientific Breakthrough Of 2008
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1) Cellular reprogramming, which produces customized cell lines from patient cells, was a major scientific breakthrough as it holds promise for life-saving medical advances. 2) Astronomers directly observed exoplanets orbiting other stars for the first time using telescope techniques to distinguish planet light from bright star glare. 3) Researchers sequenced cancer cell genes and uncovered dozens of mutations that remove brakes on cell division, advancing understanding of cancer development.
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2. RNA world hypothesis, which suggests that self-replicating RNA molecules preceded DNA and proteins. RNA could have catalyzed chemical reactions and stored genetic information.
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ELS-DLP Q2 -The Origin of the First Life Forms on Earth.docx
The document is a daily lesson plan for an 11th grade class on the origin of the first life forms on Earth. The objectives are for students to understand the importance of all life forms, explain the origin of the first life forms, and describe the pre-conditions that allowed early life to emerge. The lesson will discuss how the first prokaryotic cells formed around 3.4 billion years ago based on evidence from ancient rocks. It will explain how oxygen-producing photosynthesis led to a rise in oxygen levels and the evolution of aerobic respiration. The lesson evaluates students' understanding through multiple choice questions about early life forms, including prokaryotes, endosymbiosis, and anaerobic metabolism.
Earth part 2
1) Early life on Earth likely originated between 4-3.5 billion years ago as simple prokaryotic cells without nuclei. 2) Around 2.5 billion years ago, cyanobacteria evolved that could produce oxygen through photosynthesis, gradually changing the atmosphere. 3) Eukaryotic cells with nuclei and organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts emerged around 1.5 billion years ago through endosymbiotic relationships between bacteria and archaea.
Introduction to life science Grade 11
There are several theories about how life originated on Earth. One of the most widely accepted is the primordial soup theory, which proposes that life began in a "soup" of organic molecules. Scientists like Stanley Miller and Harold Urey conducted experiments to test this theory by simulating early Earth conditions and forming amino acids, the building blocks of life. Other experiments explored how self-replicating molecules like RNA could form protocells, the simplest early life forms. These experiments helped connect abiotic chemistry to the emergence of the first living organisms and showed how the basic requirements for life could arise naturally under plausible early Earth conditions.
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