The document describes an experiment called the Egg Drop that illustrates Newton's Law of Inertia. The experiment involves placing an egg on a cardboard tube over a glass of water. When the pie plate under the tube is hit horizontally, the tube and egg will fall into the glass of water due to inertia, with the water providing a safe landing. The experiment works because according to Newton's First Law, an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force, so the egg continues falling straight down into the glass.