SAFTA.pptx
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SAFTA stands for the South Asian Free Trade Area. It is an agreement among the member countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) to promote and enhance economic cooperation and trade within the region. The member countries of SAFTA include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The main objective of SAFTA is to gradually eliminate tariffs and non-tariff barriers on most goods traded between the member countries. It aims to encourage regional trade, boost economic growth, and enhance the welfare of the people in the South Asian region.
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Southasianfreetradeareasafta
The South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) agreement aims to eliminate barriers to trade and facilitate cross-border movement of goods between South Asian countries. It was established in 2004 and began implementation in 2006, with the goal of reducing customs duties between member countries to zero by 2016. However, the earlier South Asian Preferential Trading Agreement (SAPTA) failed to significantly increase intra-regional trade due to issues like non-deep tariff cuts and stringent rules of origin. SAFTA aims to address these issues through gradual tariff reductions and provisions that give preferential treatment to least developed countries.
South asian free _trade_ area (safta)
SAFTA, Aggreement of safta , india,pakistan, afghanistan,bangladesh,malidives,sri lanka,nepal ,bhutan.
issues of safta, sapta, why it is failing?, safta instruments
Safta
This document provides an overview of the evolution of economic integration in South Asia through organizations like SAARC and agreements like SAPTA and SAFTA. It discusses how SAFTA aims to establish a free trade area in South Asia by 2006 by progressively reducing tariffs and removing non-tariff barriers according to schedules. While SAFTA could boost intra-regional trade, there are also challenges to its implementation like the sensitive trade issues between India and Pakistan and countries maintaining sensitive product lists. The document concludes that fully realizing SAFTA's benefits will require addressing regional political and economic diversity.
SAFTA - South Asian Free Trade Area
A Detailed Information about South Asian Free Trade Area...
It Includes::::
Introduction
Objective
Principal
Instrument
Benefit
Sensitive list
Challenges
Recommendation
Conclusion..
Safta
SAFTA is the South Asian Free Trade Area, an agreement between 7 South Asian countries - Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka - to establish a free trade area and eventually a South Asian Economic Union similar to the EU. SAFTA aims to reduce tariffs on intra-regional trade and promote economic cooperation by eliminating trade barriers. However, SAFTA has several drawbacks including that its long lists of exemptions will reduce the benefits of trade, and that it does not fully meet the criteria for successful trade integration due to similar production structures between members.
Pol sci saarc
SAARC is an intergovernmental organization founded in 1985 to promote economic and social progress in South Asia. It has 8 member countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Afghanistan. SAARC aims to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development through cooperation in areas like agriculture, education, and transportation. However, SAARC has struggled to achieve many of its objectives due to political tensions between members like India and Pakistan, as well as a policy of non-interference that limits its ability to address disputes. While agreements like SAFTA aim to boost regional trade, their success in implementation has been limited. Overall, SAARC has had modest achievements but geopol
Business environment
This is student focused slide on South Asian Free Trade Area. It may be useful for those who wants to know about SAFTA in short and concise way.
Saarc3
The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic and geopolitical organization consisting of 8 member countries in South Asia. SAARC was established in 1985 with the goal of promoting economic and social progress in the region. Its key objectives are accelerating economic growth, improving living standards, and strengthening collective self-reliance among member states. SAARC operates on principles of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and non-interference in internal affairs. It facilitates cooperation across areas like agriculture, education, energy, health and more through various institutional bodies and regional centers.
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Southasianfreetradeareasafta
The South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) agreement aims to eliminate barriers to trade and facilitate cross-border movement of goods between South Asian countries. It was established in 2004 and began implementation in 2006, with the goal of reducing customs duties between member countries to zero by 2016. However, the earlier South Asian Preferential Trading Agreement (SAPTA) failed to significantly increase intra-regional trade due to issues like non-deep tariff cuts and stringent rules of origin. SAFTA aims to address these issues through gradual tariff reductions and provisions that give preferential treatment to least developed countries.
South asian free _trade_ area (safta)
SAFTA, Aggreement of safta , india,pakistan, afghanistan,bangladesh,malidives,sri lanka,nepal ,bhutan.
issues of safta, sapta, why it is failing?, safta instruments
Safta
This document provides an overview of the evolution of economic integration in South Asia through organizations like SAARC and agreements like SAPTA and SAFTA. It discusses how SAFTA aims to establish a free trade area in South Asia by 2006 by progressively reducing tariffs and removing non-tariff barriers according to schedules. While SAFTA could boost intra-regional trade, there are also challenges to its implementation like the sensitive trade issues between India and Pakistan and countries maintaining sensitive product lists. The document concludes that fully realizing SAFTA's benefits will require addressing regional political and economic diversity.
SAFTA - South Asian Free Trade Area
A Detailed Information about South Asian Free Trade Area...
It Includes::::
Introduction
Objective
Principal
Instrument
Benefit
Sensitive list
Challenges
Recommendation
Conclusion..
Safta
SAFTA is the South Asian Free Trade Area, an agreement between 7 South Asian countries - Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka - to establish a free trade area and eventually a South Asian Economic Union similar to the EU. SAFTA aims to reduce tariffs on intra-regional trade and promote economic cooperation by eliminating trade barriers. However, SAFTA has several drawbacks including that its long lists of exemptions will reduce the benefits of trade, and that it does not fully meet the criteria for successful trade integration due to similar production structures between members.
Pol sci saarc
SAARC is an intergovernmental organization founded in 1985 to promote economic and social progress in South Asia. It has 8 member countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Afghanistan. SAARC aims to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development through cooperation in areas like agriculture, education, and transportation. However, SAARC has struggled to achieve many of its objectives due to political tensions between members like India and Pakistan, as well as a policy of non-interference that limits its ability to address disputes. While agreements like SAFTA aim to boost regional trade, their success in implementation has been limited. Overall, SAARC has had modest achievements but geopol
Business environment
This is student focused slide on South Asian Free Trade Area. It may be useful for those who wants to know about SAFTA in short and concise way.
Saarc3
The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic and geopolitical organization consisting of 8 member countries in South Asia. SAARC was established in 1985 with the goal of promoting economic and social progress in the region. Its key objectives are accelerating economic growth, improving living standards, and strengthening collective self-reliance among member states. SAARC operates on principles of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and non-interference in internal affairs. It facilitates cooperation across areas like agriculture, education, energy, health and more through various institutional bodies and regional centers.
A Journey Towards SAFTA_Mukesh
SAFTA (South Asian Free Trade Area) aims to create a free trade area in South Asia through progressive reduction of tariff and non-tariff barriers. It evolved from SAPTA (South Asian Preferential Trading Arrangement) which provided preferential tariff reductions among SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) countries. SAFTA's objectives are to eliminate trade barriers and promote fair competition. However, its implementation faces challenges including the sensitive lists maintained by countries and political tensions between some members.
Saarc
The document summarizes information about SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation), including its objectives to promote economic and social development in South Asia. It discusses SAARC's current member countries and observer members. Key areas of cooperation include agriculture, health, women and children, environment, science and technology. The document also provides information on SAARC's share of global trade, regional GDP distribution, and trade agreements like SAPTA and SAFTA that aim to boost intra-regional trade. However, political issues and the dominant role of India have acted as countervailing forces hindering closer regional integration.
SAFTA and BIMSTEC
The document discusses two regional economic integration agreements - SAFTA and BIMSTEC. SAFTA aims to gradually eliminate tariffs and trade barriers between Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Afghanistan. Its objectives are to promote trade, fair competition, equitable benefits and further regional cooperation. BIMSTEC involves countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia working together across 13 sectors. Its goals are rapid economic development, social progress, training/research cooperation and making best use of synergies between member states.
SAARC
The document provides information about SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation), including its objectives to promote welfare and accelerate economic growth among South Asian countries. It details SAARC's organizational structure including various councils and committees. It also discusses SAPTA (SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement), noting that while its goal is to promote intra-regional trade, political conflicts like those between India and Pakistan have limited its effectiveness. India's trade and investment relationships within SAARC are also summarized.
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This presentation is over South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC) which is an organization of South Asian nations, established on 8 December 1985 and dedicated to economic, technological, social, and cultural development emphasizing collective self-reliance.
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The document discusses the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), an intergovernmental organization of 8 South Asian nations. It was established in 1985 to promote economic and social progress in South Asia. SAARC focuses on areas like agriculture, trade, tourism, and more. Notable agreements include establishing the South Asian Free Trade Area to reduce customs duties between members and promoting regional cooperation in trade, finance, and economic matters. The organization aims to accelerate economic growth across South Asia.
An Analysis of SAFTA in the Context of Bangladesh
An Analysis of SAFTA in the Context of Bangladesh. In this Working Paper (No. 6 of the Bangladesh Development Research Working Paper Series), Md. Joynal Abdin focuses on a review of the progress made with SAFTA, what Bangladesh’s prospects are in SAFTA, and how SAFTA can be made more active. It provides the historical background about the various initiatives within South Asia, reviews the actual trade data, and reviews the main trade restrictions within SAFTA. It also provides a set of recommendations based on this analysis.
Making Growth Inclusive and Sustainable (SAES)
This document provides recommendations on various areas of regional cooperation in South Asia, based on a summit held in Islamabad from September 11-13, 2012. It discusses recommendations in the following areas:
1. Regional trade, including fully implementing the South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) and reducing non-tariff barriers.
2. Food security, such as rationalizing the SAARC Food Bank and increasing stock levels.
3. Energy security, including developing cross-border electricity trade and infrastructure like pipelines.
4. Regional agriculture trade, by further reducing tariffs and capitalizing on countries' comparative advantages.
5. Water cooperation, with outstanding issues around sharing water from trans-
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SAARC is an intergovernmental organization of 8 South Asian nations established in 1985. It aims to promote economic and regional integration. Key achievements include establishing SAFTA to reduce customs duties and the SAARC visa exemption scheme. However, political differences between members like India and Pakistan have hindered cooperation. Inequality among members and lack of infrastructure also pose challenges to realizing SAARC's economic goals.
ECDC Intra African Trade Webinar Ms Claudia Furriel
The document provides an overview of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) which aims to boost intra-African trade. It notes that intra-African trade is currently low at 16-18% compared to other regions. The key features of the AfCFTA include progressive elimination of tariffs, rules to reduce non-tariff barriers and dispute settlement procedures. The benefits would be increased intra-African trade, industrial development, and investment. Many countries have signed and ratified the agreement but there is still work to be done on tariff offers and rules of origin for certain goods before it can be fully operationalized. Challenges include managing the impacts of liberalization and preventing transhipment.
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To find out more visit: http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/investment-policy/viet-nam-investment-policy.htmSaarc
The document discusses the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) trading bloc. It provides background on the establishment of SAARC in 1985 and its objectives to promote regional welfare, economic growth, and cooperation. SAARC's main economic agenda includes the SAARC Preferential Trading Agreement, the South Asian Free Trade Area agreement aimed at establishing a free trade area, and the long-term goal of a South Asian Economic Union. The document also presents brief economic profiles and growth trends in SAARC member countries including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
intra regional trade in sa.pptx
South Asia has high potential for increased intra-regional trade but currently only conducts around 5% of trade within the region. Major challenges include political tensions, infrastructure gaps, trade barriers such as tariffs and non-tariff measures. While organizations like SAARC aim to promote regional cooperation, implementation of agreements like SAFTA has been slow and trade remains below potential. India has been deepening economic ties with its neighbors through various trade agreements but large trade deficits remain. Expanding cross-border infrastructure, streamlining border procedures, harmonizing standards, and further reducing barriers can help South Asian countries realize higher levels of intra-regional trade.
SAARC
The document discusses the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), an organization of South Asian countries formed in 1985 with the purpose of promoting economic, technical, social, and cultural development. SAARC's headquarters is located in Kathmandu, Nepal. The document also discusses the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) agreement signed in 2004 to create a free trade area among SAARC member states and gradually reduce customs duties on all traded goods to zero by 2016.
Free trade agreement by India
India looks at regional trading arrangements (RTAs) as “building blocks” towards the overall objective of trade liberalization. Therefore, it is participating in a number of RTAs which include structures such as free trade agreements (FTAs), preferential trade agreements (PTAs), and comprehensive economic cooperation agreements (CECAs).
Free Trade Agreement
A free trade agreement among two countries or group of countries agrees to abolish tariffs, quotas and preferences on most of the goods (if not all) between them. Countries choose an FTA if their economical structures are complementary, not competitive.
India's Trade Agreements
India is engaged in several regional trade agreements (RTAs) aimed at liberalizing trade. These include bilateral agreements like the India-ASEAN agreement for trade in services and investment that is scheduled to be signed in 2014. India also has agreements like the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement currently being negotiated with Sri Lanka to expand the existing free trade agreement between the two countries. India is similarly negotiating a Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement with Thailand to build upon their existing framework agreement for free trade. These various RTAs seek to reduce tariffs and barriers to trade in goods, services and investment between the partner countries.
CHAPTER NO 22.pptx Of tybaf banking and finance
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Saarc
The document provides information about SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation), including:
- It was established in 1985 in Dhaka by 8 countries, with Afghanistan joining as the 8th member in 2007.
- Its headquarters are located in Nepal and its current secretary is Dr. Sheel Kant Sharma.
- Potential future members that have expressed interest include China, Myanmar, and Russia.
- The primary objectives of SAARC are to improve living standards, promote economic and social development, and strengthen cooperation among member states.
Current Trade Policies of Pakistan
Pakistan's current trade policies aim to enhance domestic production capabilities and export competitiveness. The Strategic Trade Policy Framework 2020-25 focuses on priority sectors like textiles and diversifying exports. It also aims to reduce manufacturing costs and expand market access through trade agreements. Pakistan is a WTO member and seeks more regional trade deals. The country actively works to manage its trade deficit by increasing exports and reducing import dependency. However, challenges remain in implementing trade policies due to issues like energy shortages and security that hurt industries.
IMS MBA & BBA PYQ Master file of Institute of Management Sciences Lucknow Uni...
IMS MBA & BBA PYQ Master file of Institute of Management Sciences Lucknow University,
The Institute of Management Sciences at Lucknow University is a highly reputed institution offering management programs at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The curriculum is designed to equip students with a strong foundation in various management concepts and practices. The faculty at the institute comprises experienced and knowledgeable professionals with expertise in different areas of management.
The institute offers various specializations such as Marketing, Finance, Human Resource Management and International Business. Apart from classroom teaching, the institute also provides opportunities for students to gain practical experience through internships, industry visits and workshops.
The institute has a well-equipped library and state-of-the-art classrooms and computer labs. The campus also boasts of facilities like a sports complex, hostels, and cafeteria.
Overall, the Institute of Management Sciences at Lucknow University is an excellent choice for management aspirants looking for a quality education in an academic environment that fosters holistic growth and development.
international marketing.pdf
International marketing refers to the process of promoting and selling products or services to customers in different countries. It involves understanding the cultural, economic, and political differences of various markets and developing marketing strategies accordingly. Here are a few key points about international marketing:
Market Research: Conducting thorough market research is crucial to identify target markets, understand consumer behavior, and assess competition in different countries.
Adaptation vs. Standardization: Companies must decide whether to adapt their marketing strategies to suit local preferences or maintain a standardized approach across different markets.
Cultural Considerations: Cultural differences play a significant role in international marketing. Companies need to tailor their products, messaging, and promotional activities to align with local customs, beliefs, and values.
Distribution Channels: Choosing the appropriate distribution channels is essential for successful international marketing. Companies must consider factors such as infrastructure, logistics, and local market practices.
Pricing Strategies: Pricing decisions should consider factors like local purchasing power, competition, and economic conditions in each market. Companies may adopt different pricing strategies based on market dynamics.
Legal and Regulatory Compliance: International marketing requires adherence to various legal and regulatory frameworks, including trade policies, intellectual property rights, labeling requirements, and advertising regulations.
For further reading on international marketing, you can refer to the following resources:
World Trade Organization (WTO) - International Trade and Market Access: https://www.wto.org/
International Marketing - Boundless Business: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-business/chapter/international-marketing/
International Marketing - Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/international-marketing.asp
International Marketing - QuickMBA: https://www.quickmba.com/marketing/international/
Please note that international marketing is not a code-related question, so there is no specific code to provide in this context.
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SAFTA (South Asian Free Trade Area) aims to create a free trade area in South Asia through progressive reduction of tariff and non-tariff barriers. It evolved from SAPTA (South Asian Preferential Trading Arrangement) which provided preferential tariff reductions among SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) countries. SAFTA's objectives are to eliminate trade barriers and promote fair competition. However, its implementation faces challenges including the sensitive lists maintained by countries and political tensions between some members.
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This document provides recommendations on various areas of regional cooperation in South Asia, based on a summit held in Islamabad from September 11-13, 2012. It discusses recommendations in the following areas:
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South Asia has high potential for increased intra-regional trade but currently only conducts around 5% of trade within the region. Major challenges include political tensions, infrastructure gaps, trade barriers such as tariffs and non-tariff measures. While organizations like SAARC aim to promote regional cooperation, implementation of agreements like SAFTA has been slow and trade remains below potential. India has been deepening economic ties with its neighbors through various trade agreements but large trade deficits remain. Expanding cross-border infrastructure, streamlining border procedures, harmonizing standards, and further reducing barriers can help South Asian countries realize higher levels of intra-regional trade.
SAARC
The document discusses the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), an organization of South Asian countries formed in 1985 with the purpose of promoting economic, technical, social, and cultural development. SAARC's headquarters is located in Kathmandu, Nepal. The document also discusses the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) agreement signed in 2004 to create a free trade area among SAARC member states and gradually reduce customs duties on all traded goods to zero by 2016.
Free trade agreement by India
India looks at regional trading arrangements (RTAs) as “building blocks” towards the overall objective of trade liberalization. Therefore, it is participating in a number of RTAs which include structures such as free trade agreements (FTAs), preferential trade agreements (PTAs), and comprehensive economic cooperation agreements (CECAs).
Free Trade Agreement
A free trade agreement among two countries or group of countries agrees to abolish tariffs, quotas and preferences on most of the goods (if not all) between them. Countries choose an FTA if their economical structures are complementary, not competitive.
India's Trade Agreements
India is engaged in several regional trade agreements (RTAs) aimed at liberalizing trade. These include bilateral agreements like the India-ASEAN agreement for trade in services and investment that is scheduled to be signed in 2014. India also has agreements like the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement currently being negotiated with Sri Lanka to expand the existing free trade agreement between the two countries. India is similarly negotiating a Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement with Thailand to build upon their existing framework agreement for free trade. These various RTAs seek to reduce tariffs and barriers to trade in goods, services and investment between the partner countries.
CHAPTER NO 22.pptx Of tybaf banking and finance
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Saarc
The document provides information about SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation), including:
- It was established in 1985 in Dhaka by 8 countries, with Afghanistan joining as the 8th member in 2007.
- Its headquarters are located in Nepal and its current secretary is Dr. Sheel Kant Sharma.
- Potential future members that have expressed interest include China, Myanmar, and Russia.
- The primary objectives of SAARC are to improve living standards, promote economic and social development, and strengthen cooperation among member states.
Current Trade Policies of Pakistan
Pakistan's current trade policies aim to enhance domestic production capabilities and export competitiveness. The Strategic Trade Policy Framework 2020-25 focuses on priority sectors like textiles and diversifying exports. It also aims to reduce manufacturing costs and expand market access through trade agreements. Pakistan is a WTO member and seeks more regional trade deals. The country actively works to manage its trade deficit by increasing exports and reducing import dependency. However, challenges remain in implementing trade policies due to issues like energy shortages and security that hurt industries.
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ECDC Intra African Trade Webinar Ms Claudia Furriel
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IMS MBA & BBA PYQ Master file of Institute of Management Sciences Lucknow Uni...
IMS MBA & BBA PYQ Master file of Institute of Management Sciences Lucknow University,
The Institute of Management Sciences at Lucknow University is a highly reputed institution offering management programs at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The curriculum is designed to equip students with a strong foundation in various management concepts and practices. The faculty at the institute comprises experienced and knowledgeable professionals with expertise in different areas of management.
The institute offers various specializations such as Marketing, Finance, Human Resource Management and International Business. Apart from classroom teaching, the institute also provides opportunities for students to gain practical experience through internships, industry visits and workshops.
The institute has a well-equipped library and state-of-the-art classrooms and computer labs. The campus also boasts of facilities like a sports complex, hostels, and cafeteria.
Overall, the Institute of Management Sciences at Lucknow University is an excellent choice for management aspirants looking for a quality education in an academic environment that fosters holistic growth and development.
international marketing.pdf
International marketing refers to the process of promoting and selling products or services to customers in different countries. It involves understanding the cultural, economic, and political differences of various markets and developing marketing strategies accordingly. Here are a few key points about international marketing:
Market Research: Conducting thorough market research is crucial to identify target markets, understand consumer behavior, and assess competition in different countries.
Adaptation vs. Standardization: Companies must decide whether to adapt their marketing strategies to suit local preferences or maintain a standardized approach across different markets.
Cultural Considerations: Cultural differences play a significant role in international marketing. Companies need to tailor their products, messaging, and promotional activities to align with local customs, beliefs, and values.
Distribution Channels: Choosing the appropriate distribution channels is essential for successful international marketing. Companies must consider factors such as infrastructure, logistics, and local market practices.
Pricing Strategies: Pricing decisions should consider factors like local purchasing power, competition, and economic conditions in each market. Companies may adopt different pricing strategies based on market dynamics.
Legal and Regulatory Compliance: International marketing requires adherence to various legal and regulatory frameworks, including trade policies, intellectual property rights, labeling requirements, and advertising regulations.
For further reading on international marketing, you can refer to the following resources:
World Trade Organization (WTO) - International Trade and Market Access: https://www.wto.org/
International Marketing - Boundless Business: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-business/chapter/international-marketing/
International Marketing - Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/international-marketing.asp
International Marketing - QuickMBA: https://www.quickmba.com/marketing/international/
Please note that international marketing is not a code-related question, so there is no specific code to provide in this context.
factors effecting individual behaviour .pdf
There are many factors that can affect an individual's behavior, including their, culture, upbringing, and environmental factors. Personality plays a crucial role in shaping behavior, where certain traits such as extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, conscientiousness and openness to experience can affect how an individual interacts with others. Additionally, cultural and upbringing factors can play a significant role, where individuals may exhibit behaviors that are more in line with their cultural norms or values. For example, individuals from collectivist cultures may prioritize group harmony and conformity, while those from individualistic cultures may prioritize personal achievement and autonomy.
Environmental factors such as social pressures and physical surroundings can also impact individual behavior. Social pressure can encourage individuals to conform to group norms and expectations, while physical surroundings can influence behavior, such as noise, temperature or lighting can affect mood and behavior as well. Additionally, an individual's past experiences, emotional state, and cognitive processes can all contribute to how they behave in different situations. Understanding the factors
German Language Notes.pdf
FREE German Language Notes in Hindi
Learning a new language can be overwhelming, but having clear and organized notes can make a big difference. If you're studying German, it's important to have notes that are easy to read and understand. Some key things to include are grammar rules, vocabulary words, and common expressions. You may also want to include sample sentences to help you practice using the language in context.
One helpful strategy is to color-code your notes. For example, you could use red for nouns, blue for verbs, and green for adjectives. This will make it easier to quickly identify different parts of speech. Another useful tip is to draw visual aids, such as charts or diagrams, to help you remember complex grammar rules.
Finally, don't forget to review your notes regularly. Even if you feel like you understand topic, reviewing it again will help cement it in your memory. Consider setting aside a few minutes each day to review your notes and practice speaking or writing in German. With time and practice, you
Application of OD interventions.pdf
Organizational Development (OD) interventions refer to a set of planned and systematic activities intended to improve an organization's effectiveness and health. The application of OD interventions is crucial to ensure that an organization can adapt to changes in the internal and external environment. There are various types of OD interventions that organizations can apply, such as team building activities, leadership workshops, culture change programs, and performance management systems.
Team building activities are useful in developing and improving interpersonal relationships within teams, while leadership workshops aim to enhance the leadership skills of managers to effectively guide their teams. Culture change programs are effective in facilitating organizational change, while performance management systems help align individual efforts with organizational goals.
Overall, OD interventions are essential in ensuring that an organization continuously improves and adapts to changes in the environment. Therefore, organizations should prioritize the application of OD interventions to enhance their performance, productivity, and overall effectiveness.
International HRM.pdf
International Human Resource Management (IHRM) refers to the management of human resources in a multinational organization. It involves various activities such as recruitment, selection, training, compensation, and performance management of employees across different countries and cultures.
IHRM is crucial as it deals with the challenges and complexities of managing a diverse workforce in multiple locations. It requires understanding and adapting to different labor laws, cultural norms, language barriers, and economic conditions.
Here are some links that provide more information on International HRM:
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) - International HR: https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/research-and-surveys/pages/international-hr.aspx
International Journal of Human Resource Management: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rijh20
The Society for International Human Resource Management (SIHRM): https://www.sihrm.org/
International HRM: Managing People in a Multinational Context (Book): https://www.amazon.com/International-HRM-Managing-Multinational-Context/dp/0415710522
Please note that International HRM is a broad topic, and there are numerous resources available online and in academic journals that delve deeper into specific aspects of this field.
International Marketing Channels.pptx
International marketing channels are the different ways in which a company can distribute its products and services to customers in different countries. The main purpose of international marketing channels is to enable companies to reach customers across the globe while managing costs and risks associated with international trade.
There are several types of international channels, including direct and indirect channels. Direct channels involve selling products or services directly to customers through e-commerce or physical stores, while indirect channels involve using intermediaries such as distributors, wholesalers, or agents.
The choice of international marketing channels usually depends on several factors, such as the product type, market structure, and customers’ preferences. Companies must also consider the cultural, legal, and political differences across countries to ensure compliance with international trade regulations.
Overall, effective international marketing channels can help companies build sustainable relationships with customers in different countries. By identifying the best channels, businesses can achieve growth and profitability while reaching a broader market.
EXPORT MARKET PLAN.pptx
An export market plan outlines the strategy a company will use to expand their business beyond their domestic market. The plan should begin with a thorough analysis of the potential international market(s) to enter, including market size, growth rate, competition, and cultural factors. From there, a company should focus on defining and positioning their product or service for the target market, as well as identifying any necessary modifications or adaptations,
International marketing and exporting strategy are important for businesses to achieve success in the global market. An export market plan is a crucial component in effectively expanding a company’s reach beyond domestic borders. To develop an effective export market plan, businesses need to conduct thorough market research to identify market trends, opportunities, and challenges.
The next step is to identify target markets and determine the most effective marketing channels to reach them. Companies must consider cultural and language differences, regulatory requirements, and logistics when deciding on the best export market entry strategy. This may involve partnering with local distributors or agents, establishing a foreign subsidiary or building direct relationships with customers.
To ensure success in the export market, it is essential for businesses to maintain a flexible and adaptable approach, continuously monitoring market changes and adjusting strategies accordingly. Additionally, companies must prioritize clear and consistent communication with all stakeholders involved in the export process.
Overall, a well-executed export market plan can open up new opportunities for businesses to grow and diversify their revenue streams while also contributing to.
INTERNATIONAL MARKETING Export Market Plan .pptx
The document is an export market plan presentation for Best For You Organics Company. It includes an overview of the company and objectives of the plan. It assesses the company's international readiness in areas like management commitment, product readiness, and financial readiness. It also includes analyses of the company's products and customers, the industry and target markets, as well as domestic and international competition. Finally, it proposes market entry strategies, analyzes target markets in depth, and provides a schedule of activities to implement the export marketing plan.
Idea for Start Up.pptx
Tux Mobile is launching a new battery case called TUX for the iPhone to address battery issues. TUX will provide 12 hours of extra battery backup and up to 5000mAh capacity. It will charge the phone and itself simultaneously through the lightning port. The manufacturing will be outsourced to a partner in China and sold through their own ecommerce website as well as other online platforms. Social media marketing will be used to promote the product. Orders will be fulfilled by logistics partners and customers can return the product within 30 days for a full refund.
How Marketing Management Helping Society.pptx
Social marketing is used to develop activities that aim to change people's behaviors in ways that benefit society. It determines what types of people and behaviors to focus on and how to measure progress. The marketing strategies are implemented to develop products and services that fit people's needs and motivations. Social marketing programs have a chance of success by using psychological and environmental approaches. Government, non-profits, and businesses can work together using social marketing to provide evidence of sustained behavior change.
ASEAN.pptx
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jet blue airways, A case study on 2007 crisis.pptx
1. Valentine's Day 2007 caused a major operational crisis for JetBlue Airways when a winter storm hit the New York area and JetBlue's hub airport. Hundreds of passengers were stranded on planes on the tarmac for up to 10 hours, and hundreds more waited in vain at the terminal as over 1,000 flights were cancelled in the following six days.
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Startup.pptx
This document outlines a business plan for a startup company called Cuppamania that sells self-stirring mugs. The summary is:
1) Cuppamania is registered as a company in Lucknow, India and plans to target working and middle class drinkers.
2) Their self-stirring mugs have larger batteries, a rubber-like stirring blade, and keep drinks thermally insulated.
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Strategy Formulation.ppt
Situational analysis:
SWOT analysis,
TOWS Matrix;
Corporate strategy;
Strategies for growth and diversification;
Process of strategic planning;
Stages of corporate development;
Portfolio analysis;
Corporate parenting;
Functional strategy;
Core competencies;
Strategic choice.
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This document discusses various aspects of strategy implementation and control, including developing programs, budgets, procedures, and implementing strategy through organizational structure, values, and culture using frameworks like McKinsey's 7S model. It also covers performance measurement using balanced scorecards, management and control tools like activity-based costing, managing strategic change, and reasons why strategies fail.
Strategy implementation and control.ppt
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This document provides information on benchmarking and Total Quality Management (TQM) practices. It discusses benchmarking as a process of systematically searching for best practices and comparing a company's performance to top performers. The benchmarking process involves deciding what to benchmark, understanding current performance, planning benchmarking studies, studying other organizations, learning from data collected, and using findings to improve. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and Taguchi Methods are also introduced as important TQM practices for linking customer requirements to product development and designing robust processes.
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SAFTA.pptx
- 2. S A F T A • It is a FTA between the seven members of the SAARC group. • Includes India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lank and Afghanistan. • The agreement incorporates trade in goods, services and investment.
- 3. . Evolution of Economic Integration in South Asia SAARC LIBERALIZATI ON POLICY SAPTA SAFTA
- 4. . HISTORY SAFTA is an agreement reached on 6 January 2004 at the 12thSAARC Summit in Islamabad, Pakistan In the final five-year phase ending 2012, the 20 percent duty will be reduced to zero in a series of annual cuts. The SAFTA agreement came into force on 1 January 2006. The officials signed a framework agreement on SAFTA to reduce customs duties of all traded goods to zero by the year 2016.
- 5. OBJECTIVES • Trade Liberalization Programme • Negative List (sensitive list of items) • Non-tariff Barriers • Rules of Origin • Safeguard Measures • Institutional Arrangements • Consultations and Dispute Settlement Procedures
- 6. Limitations for Promoting Trade and Investment • The region has diversity in socio- political and economic conditions • Political considerations and geographical disadvantages for some countries, which are responsible for affecting intra-regional trading • Informal trade in the borders of the countries has been increasing • Weaker trade links among SAARC countries • Intra-regional flow of capital and technology is very limited
- 7. Consultation and Dispute Settlement Procedure • Any dispute between or among the contracting states regarding the application of provisions will be settled through bilateral consultations • If they fail to settle such disputes, COE looks the matter following its own procedures
- 8. • SAFTA is governed by the provisions of this agreement and also by rules, regulations, decisions, understanding and protocols to be agreed upon within its framework by the contracting states. • The implementation of SAFTA provide an institutional framework for the liberalization of mutual trade in the region Conclusion