The document discusses common childhood injuries and how to prevent them. It outlines injury risk factors for children under 4 and ages 5-14. It then covers various home hazards like fire, burns, drowning, falls, poisoning, airway obstruction, and cutting/piercing wounds. For each hazard, it identifies potential causes in the home and provides prevention tips, such as supervision, safety gates, smoke alarms, and childproofing.

1. Safe K i ds

2. Injury An injury occurs when the body is exposed to energy greater than its ability to absorb it. Energy comes in many forms Mechanical/Kinetic Energy Thermal Energy Electrical Energy Chemical Energy Hazards of Energy

3. Children’s Greater Susceptibility to Injury Injury risk factors for children ages 4 and under include: · inability to understand and recognize dangers; · still-developing coordination; · tendency to imitate adult behavior; and · limited ability to react promptly and properly. Injury risk factors for children ages 5 to 14 include: · increasing experience taking on adult tasks; · interest and intrigue with danger; · increasing interest in taking risks; · tendency to dare each other to engage in dangerous behaviors; and · more free time without adult supervision.

4. Greater access to hazards Higher center of gravity Greater surface area exposure Lower tolerance Natural Levels of Childhood Development Limited natural protection Limited ability to escape hazardous situations Limited ability to recognize hazards Increased attraction to potential hazards Adult modeling

5. Lack of Experience Smaller knowledge base Lack of fear Behavioral Development Natural and strong desire to explore Tendency to explore by mouthing

6. Fire Fire Hazards in the Home Smoking Matches and Lighters Candles Fireplaces and Wood Stoves Electric & Kerosene Space Heaters Stoves, Ovens and Microwaves Electrical Systems and Appliances Electric Cords Flammable and Combustible Liquids

7. Fire Injury Prevention Supervision Smoke Alarms Residential Fire Sprinklers Fire Escape Plans House Numbers Emergency Telephone Numbers Fire Extinguishers

8. Burns Burn Hazards in the Home Hot Liquids and Foods – Scald Burns Hot Appliances and Items -- Contact Burns Electrical Cords -- Electrical Burns Chemicals and Cleaning Supplies – Chemical Burns

9. Drowning Bathtubs Toilets Buckets Swimming Pools Prevention Supervision Toilet Locks Fencing

10. Falls Windows Stairways and Hallways Baby Walkers Furniture Bunk Beds Indoor Play Equipment

11. Poisoning Medications and Health Supplements Household Chemicals Household Plants Prevention Cabinet and Drawer Latches Child-Resistant Packaging

12. Airway Obstruction Choking + Food + Toys + Small Household Objects + Suffocation and Entrapment + Plastic

13. Cutting/Piercing, Other Wounds Sharp Objects and Corners Furniture Tipovers