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1
Historical Background of I/O
Psychology
2
Overview: Industrial/
Organizational (I/O) Psychology
What is I/O Psychology?
I/O Psychology as a Career
3
The application of psychological principles
to the workplace (anywhere people work)
Help people do their jobs
help employers treat employees fairly
help make jobs more interesting and satisfying
help workers be more productive
Prepared by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology - SIOP © 1998
What is I/O psychology?
4
Treat employees fairly
Treat people from diverse backgrounds
fairly
select people for jobs
provide training
reward promotions/raises
address harassment
Prepared by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology - SIOP © 1998
What is I/O psychology?
5
Make jobs more interesting/satisfying
Design jobs people will find satisfying
rewarding work
safe, efficient work areas (Human Factors)
Motivate employees to perform
Create teams that work well together
combine diverse talents and perspectives
Prepared by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology - SIOP © 1998
What is I/O psychology?
6
Help workers be more productive
Design work patterns that enhance
efficiency
Provide skills training and development
Help to meet the challenges of
competition
Move past downsizing
Prepared by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology - SIOP © 1998
What is I/O psychology?
7
I/O Psychology:
Science and Practice
As a SCIENCE, I/O psychology uses
scientific methodology to research and
advance knowledge about people at work
And as a PRACTICE, I/O psychology is a
profession concerned with the application
of psychological knowledge to solve real-
life problems in the world of work
8
Science and Practice
Scientist-Practitioner Model: Interaction of
scientific knowledge and application
Practitioner:
Create Plan
Problem
Science:
Turnover Theories
Past Empirical Studies
A call center has a three week training program
for new employees. The average employee quits
after three months.
9
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
Industrial
Recruitment
Selection
Classification
Compensation
Performance Appraisal
Training
Organizational
Socialization
Motivation
Occupational Stress
Leadership
Group Performance
Organizational Development
Organizational Psychology is part of a broader
field of Industrial/Organizational Psychology.
I/O Psychology
10
ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY/HUMAN
FACTORS
Person-machine systems
Working conditions
Equipment, tool, and machine design and
function in recognition of operator limitations in
strength, perception, reaction-time, etc.
I/O Psychology
11
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Labor-union relations
Employee/employer relations
Cooperation & conflict resolution
Arbitration, negotiation & bargaining
I/O Psychology
12
VOCATIONAL & CAREER
COUNSELING
Career choice, change, and retirement
CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY
Consumer choice and preference for products
Purchasing behavior & decision making
I/O Psychology
13
Activities and work settings of I/O
psychologists
Employment in I/O psychology (salary
surveys)
Training for I/O psychology
Professional involvement of I/O psychologists
Licensure
Overview: Professional Life
of the I/O Psychologist
14
15
Where do I/O Psychologists Work?
Dual orientation (science & practice)
reflected in principal work settings of I/O
psychologists
Universities
(37%)
Consulting firms
(38%)
Industry (18%)
Gov't (7%)
16
I/O Psychologists’ Salaries
Median Salaries for 2000
MA/MS: $67,000
Ph.D.: $90,000
17
Professor of . . . Psychology, Management,
Organizational Behavior, Industrial Relations
Staff member, Manager, Dir, VP of . . .
Personnel, HR, Organizational Planning,
Personnel Development, OD, Management
Development, Personnel Research, Employee
Relations, Training, Affirmative Action
Management Consultant
Common Job Titles for
I/O Psychologists
18
Professional Associations
related to I/O Psychology
American Psychological Association
(APA: www.apa.org)
Society for Industrial/Organizational Psychology
(SIOP: www.siop.org)
Academy of Management
(AoM: www. aom.pace.edu)
Society for Human Resource Management
(SHRM: www.shrm.org)
American Society for Training and Development
(ASTD: www.astd.org)
19
Licensure requirements vary by state
SIOP’s policy – recognize the
requirement and offer guidance
SIOP’s Guidelines for the Education
and Training of I/O Psychologists
Organizational requirements for
licensure
Licensure for I/O Psychologists

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Historical Background of I/O psychology

  • 1. 1 Historical Background of I/O Psychology
  • 2. 2 Overview: Industrial/ Organizational (I/O) Psychology What is I/O Psychology? I/O Psychology as a Career
  • 3. 3 The application of psychological principles to the workplace (anywhere people work) Help people do their jobs help employers treat employees fairly help make jobs more interesting and satisfying help workers be more productive Prepared by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology - SIOP © 1998 What is I/O psychology?
  • 4. 4 Treat employees fairly Treat people from diverse backgrounds fairly select people for jobs provide training reward promotions/raises address harassment Prepared by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology - SIOP © 1998 What is I/O psychology?
  • 5. 5 Make jobs more interesting/satisfying Design jobs people will find satisfying rewarding work safe, efficient work areas (Human Factors) Motivate employees to perform Create teams that work well together combine diverse talents and perspectives Prepared by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology - SIOP © 1998 What is I/O psychology?
  • 6. 6 Help workers be more productive Design work patterns that enhance efficiency Provide skills training and development Help to meet the challenges of competition Move past downsizing Prepared by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology - SIOP © 1998 What is I/O psychology?
  • 7. 7 I/O Psychology: Science and Practice As a SCIENCE, I/O psychology uses scientific methodology to research and advance knowledge about people at work And as a PRACTICE, I/O psychology is a profession concerned with the application of psychological knowledge to solve real- life problems in the world of work
  • 8. 8 Science and Practice Scientist-Practitioner Model: Interaction of scientific knowledge and application Practitioner: Create Plan Problem Science: Turnover Theories Past Empirical Studies A call center has a three week training program for new employees. The average employee quits after three months.
  • 9. 9 Industrial/Organizational Psychology Industrial Recruitment Selection Classification Compensation Performance Appraisal Training Organizational Socialization Motivation Occupational Stress Leadership Group Performance Organizational Development Organizational Psychology is part of a broader field of Industrial/Organizational Psychology. I/O Psychology
  • 10. 10 ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY/HUMAN FACTORS Person-machine systems Working conditions Equipment, tool, and machine design and function in recognition of operator limitations in strength, perception, reaction-time, etc. I/O Psychology
  • 11. 11 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS Labor-union relations Employee/employer relations Cooperation & conflict resolution Arbitration, negotiation & bargaining I/O Psychology
  • 12. 12 VOCATIONAL & CAREER COUNSELING Career choice, change, and retirement CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY Consumer choice and preference for products Purchasing behavior & decision making I/O Psychology
  • 13. 13 Activities and work settings of I/O psychologists Employment in I/O psychology (salary surveys) Training for I/O psychology Professional involvement of I/O psychologists Licensure Overview: Professional Life of the I/O Psychologist
  • 14. 14
  • 15. 15 Where do I/O Psychologists Work? Dual orientation (science & practice) reflected in principal work settings of I/O psychologists Universities (37%) Consulting firms (38%) Industry (18%) Gov't (7%)
  • 16. 16 I/O Psychologists’ Salaries Median Salaries for 2000 MA/MS: $67,000 Ph.D.: $90,000
  • 17. 17 Professor of . . . Psychology, Management, Organizational Behavior, Industrial Relations Staff member, Manager, Dir, VP of . . . Personnel, HR, Organizational Planning, Personnel Development, OD, Management Development, Personnel Research, Employee Relations, Training, Affirmative Action Management Consultant Common Job Titles for I/O Psychologists
  • 18. 18 Professional Associations related to I/O Psychology American Psychological Association (APA: www.apa.org) Society for Industrial/Organizational Psychology (SIOP: www.siop.org) Academy of Management (AoM: www. aom.pace.edu) Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM: www.shrm.org) American Society for Training and Development (ASTD: www.astd.org)
  • 19. 19 Licensure requirements vary by state SIOP’s policy – recognize the requirement and offer guidance SIOP’s Guidelines for the Education and Training of I/O Psychologists Organizational requirements for licensure Licensure for I/O Psychologists