Cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and develops slowly over time. Screening through regular Pap tests can detect precancerous changes in the cervix so they can be treated before cancer develops. Most cervical cancers are preventable with vaccination against HPV and appropriate screening. Screening guidelines recommend annual Pap tests beginning at age 21 and can be less frequent or stop at age 70 if previous results have been normal. Abnormal results may require further tests like colposcopy and HPV testing and possible treatment of precancerous lesions.
Cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and develops slowly over time. Screening through regular Pap tests can detect precancerous changes in the cervix so they can be treated before cancer develops. Most cervical cancers are preventable with vaccination against HPV and appropriate screening. Screening guidelines recommend annual Pap tests beginning at age 21 and can be less frequent or stop at age 70 if previous results have been normal. Abnormal results may require further tests like colposcopy and HPV testing and possible treatment of precancerous lesions.
On 4 March 2022, International Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Day, the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) supports the International Papillomavirus Society’s (IPVS) #OneLessWorry campaign, that aims to raise awareness of the virus, and the tools to overcome it, such as screening and vaccination programmes. HPV can cause cancer and is responsible for almost half a million deaths globally each year.
#OneLessWorry #HPV #EliminateCervicalCancer #CANSACervicalCancerAwareness
Find out more:
https://cansa.org.za/cervical-cancer/
Cervical cancer kills 270,000 women each year — mainly women in the developing world and in the prime of their productive lives. But cervical cancer is preventable by screening asymptomatic women for precancerous cervical lesions and treating the lesions before they progress to invasive disease. In other words, those deaths are largely preventable. Studies suggest that even if a woman were screened for cervical cancer only once in her lifetime between the ages of 30 and 40, her risk of cancer would be reduced by 25-36%.
This document discusses azoospermia and surgical sperm retrieval. It begins by defining azoospermia and discussing its incidence. It then covers the diagnosis and evaluation of azoospermia, including history, physical exam, hormonal and imaging tests. Various causes of azoospermia are described, such as genetic factors, varicocele, cryptorchidism, and obstructive causes. Surgical sperm retrieval techniques like PESA, MESA, TESA, and micro-TESE are explained for use in treating obstructive azoospermia or non-obstructive azoospermia.
This document discusses gonadotropin protocols for ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It describes step-up, step-down, and combined step-up/step-down protocols. Low-dose step-up protocols starting at 37.5-75 IU per day are now preferred over conventional high-dose protocols due to lower risks of multiple follicle development, multiple pregnancies, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Strict monitoring of follicle growth and estrogen levels allows early cycle cancellation to further reduce OHSS risk while maintaining effectiveness of about 70% monofollicular ovulation and 20% pregnancy rates.
Rock and roll originated in the United States in the late 1940s from a combination of genres like blues, jump blues, jazz, and gospel. It grew out of a wide variety of musical styles that existed in the US in the early 20th century. Key early rock artists included Chuck Berry, Little Richard, and Bo Diddley. Elvis Presley took rock and roll mainstream and became known as the "King of Rock and Roll". Rock music had a major social impact as young people identified with its rebellious and fun nature. Reggaeton originated as a Spanish version of Jamaican reggae in Panama in the 1980s, later spreading to Puerto Rico and the US, popularized by artists like Daddy Yankee. Its
This document provides information on breast cancer screening and prevention. It discusses screening principles and guidelines for mammography, MRI, ultrasound and other screening techniques. It outlines high-risk factors for breast cancer and recommends annual screening starting at age 30-40 for high-risk individuals, including those with BRCA gene mutations or family history. Screening mammography every 1-2 years is recommended for average risk women starting at age 40. Chemoprevention with tamoxifen or raloxifene can lower breast cancer risk in high risk postmenopausal women. Genetic testing guidelines are also provided.
On 4 March 2022, International Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Day, the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) supports the International Papillomavirus Society’s (IPVS) #OneLessWorry campaign, that aims to raise awareness of the virus, and the tools to overcome it, such as screening and vaccination programmes. HPV can cause cancer and is responsible for almost half a million deaths globally each year.
#OneLessWorry #HPV #EliminateCervicalCancer #CANSACervicalCancerAwareness
Find out more:
https://cansa.org.za/cervical-cancer/
Cervical cancer kills 270,000 women each year — mainly women in the developing world and in the prime of their productive lives. But cervical cancer is preventable by screening asymptomatic women for precancerous cervical lesions and treating the lesions before they progress to invasive disease. In other words, those deaths are largely preventable. Studies suggest that even if a woman were screened for cervical cancer only once in her lifetime between the ages of 30 and 40, her risk of cancer would be reduced by 25-36%.
This document discusses azoospermia and surgical sperm retrieval. It begins by defining azoospermia and discussing its incidence. It then covers the diagnosis and evaluation of azoospermia, including history, physical exam, hormonal and imaging tests. Various causes of azoospermia are described, such as genetic factors, varicocele, cryptorchidism, and obstructive causes. Surgical sperm retrieval techniques like PESA, MESA, TESA, and micro-TESE are explained for use in treating obstructive azoospermia or non-obstructive azoospermia.
This document discusses gonadotropin protocols for ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It describes step-up, step-down, and combined step-up/step-down protocols. Low-dose step-up protocols starting at 37.5-75 IU per day are now preferred over conventional high-dose protocols due to lower risks of multiple follicle development, multiple pregnancies, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Strict monitoring of follicle growth and estrogen levels allows early cycle cancellation to further reduce OHSS risk while maintaining effectiveness of about 70% monofollicular ovulation and 20% pregnancy rates.
Rock and roll originated in the United States in the late 1940s from a combination of genres like blues, jump blues, jazz, and gospel. It grew out of a wide variety of musical styles that existed in the US in the early 20th century. Key early rock artists included Chuck Berry, Little Richard, and Bo Diddley. Elvis Presley took rock and roll mainstream and became known as the "King of Rock and Roll". Rock music had a major social impact as young people identified with its rebellious and fun nature. Reggaeton originated as a Spanish version of Jamaican reggae in Panama in the 1980s, later spreading to Puerto Rico and the US, popularized by artists like Daddy Yankee. Its
This document provides information on breast cancer screening and prevention. It discusses screening principles and guidelines for mammography, MRI, ultrasound and other screening techniques. It outlines high-risk factors for breast cancer and recommends annual screening starting at age 30-40 for high-risk individuals, including those with BRCA gene mutations or family history. Screening mammography every 1-2 years is recommended for average risk women starting at age 40. Chemoprevention with tamoxifen or raloxifene can lower breast cancer risk in high risk postmenopausal women. Genetic testing guidelines are also provided.