Rrdtool

RRDTOOL [email_address] Abel [email_address]

講者簡介 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

大綱 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

寫在一開始 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

縮寫 / 術語 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

綜觀 rrdtool ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

綜觀 rrdtool- 常見的繪圖資料 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

綜觀 rrdtool- 其他工具程式 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

資料格式 - 類別 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],為什麼 8:10 資料值為 12 ? 7200 1224548100 08:15 3600 1224547800 08:10 -1500 1224547500 08:05 -600 1224547200 08:00 -300 1224546900 07:55 4500 1224546600 07:50 4200 1224546300 07:45 3900 1224546000 07:40 3600 1224545700 07:35 3300 1224545400 07:30 3000 1224545100 07:25 2700 1224544800 07:20 2400 1224544500 07:15 2100 1224544200 07:10 1800 1224543900 07:05 1500 1224543600 07:00 1200 1224543300 06:55 900 1224543000 06:50 600 1224542700 06:45 300 1224542400 06:40 ds-counter Time Time(hh:mm)

資料格式 - 類別 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],7200 1224548100 08:15 3600 1224547800 08:10 -1500 1224547500 08:05 -600 1224547200 08:00 -300 1224546900 07:55 4500 1224546600 07:50 4200 1224546300 07:45 3900 1224546000 07:40 3600 1224545700 07:35 3300 1224545400 07:30 3000 1224545100 07:25 2700 1224544800 07:20 2400 1224544500 07:15 2100 1224544200 07:10 1800 1224543900 07:05 1500 1224543600 07:00 1200 1224543300 06:55 900 1224543000 06:50 600 1224542700 06:45 300 1224542400 06:40 ds-derive Time Time(hh:mm)

資料格式 - 類別 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],7200 1224548100 08:15 3600 1224547800 08:10 -1500 1224547500 08:05 -600 1224547200 08:00 -300 1224546900 07:55 4500 1224546600 07:50 4200 1224546300 07:45 3900 1224546000 07:40 3600 1224545700 07:35 3300 1224545400 07:30 3000 1224545100 07:25 2700 1224544800 07:20 2400 1224544500 07:15 2100 1224544200 07:10 1800 1224543900 07:05 1500 1224543600 07:00 1200 1224543300 06:55 900 1224543000 06:50 600 1224542700 06:45 300 1224542400 06:40 ds-absolute Time Time(hh:mm)

資料格式 - 類別 ,[object Object],[object Object],7200 1224548100 08:15 3600 1224547800 08:10 -1500 1224547500 08:05 -600 1224547200 08:00 -300 1224546900 07:55 4500 1224546600 07:50 4200 1224546300 07:45 3900 1224546000 07:40 3600 1224545700 07:35 3300 1224545400 07:30 3000 1224545100 07:25 2700 1224544800 07:20 2400 1224544500 07:15 2100 1224544200 07:10 1800 1224543900 07:05 1500 1224543600 07:00 1200 1224543300 06:55 900 1224543000 06:50 600 1224542700 06:45 300 1224542400 06:40 ds-gauge Time Time(hh:mm)

資料格式 - 建立檔案 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],rrdtool create filename [--start|-b start time] [--step|-s step] [DS:ds-name:DST:dst arguments] [RRA:CF:cf arguments]

資料格式 - 建立檔案 heartbeat ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

資料格式 - 建立檔案 RRA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],rrdtool create filename [--start|-b start time] [--step|-s step] [DS:ds-name:DST:dst arguments] [ RRA: AVERAGE | MIN | MAX | LAST : xff : steps : rows ]

資料格式 -RRA ,[object Object],[object Object],RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:603 RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:6:603 RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:24:603 RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:288:800

資料格式 - 再論 RRA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

資料格式 - 再論 RRA ,[object Object]

資料格式 - 建立檔案小結 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

資料更新 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],rrdtool update filename --template|-t ds-name:ds-name:... time|N:value[:value...] at-time@value[:value...] [ time:value[:value...] ..]

資料更新 - 資料來源 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

資料更新 - 範例 IF-MIB::ifInOctets.1 = Counter32: 4161700199

資料更新 - 範例執行結果 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

資料更新 -updatev ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],rrdtool create rrd/ex5.rrd -s 10 DS:ds0:COUNTER:20:0:10000 RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:600 RRA:AVERAGE:1:6:600 RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:12:600

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],資料更新 - 其他語言 RRDs::update ($rrd,"$time:$value"); RRDs::create($rrd,"–start", time()-1,"–step", 300, "DS:index:GAUGE:900:U:U", "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:600" );

繪圖 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 時間控制 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 時間控制 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 圖表描述 ,[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 長寛及區磈控制 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],-c "BACK#000000" -c "SHADEA#000000" -c "SHADEB#000000" -c "FONT#DDDDDD" -c "CANVAS#202020" -c "GRID#666666" -c "MGRID#AAAAAA" -c "FRAME#202020" -c "ARROW#FFFFFF"

繪圖 - 長寛及區磈控制 COLORTAG BACK, 背景色 SHADEA , 上左的邊線 SHADEB , 下右的邊線 CANVAS, 圖區的背景色 M GRID , 主格線 GRID , 副格線 ARROW , 箭頭 FRAME ??? FRAME for the line around the color spots

繪圖 - X/Y 軸的刻度及高度 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - X/Y 軸的刻度及高度 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - X 軸的刻度 ,[object Object],[object Object],-x HOUR:8:DAY:2:DAY:2:86400:%Y/%m/%d GTM:GST Grid Time 小格線一格多久時間 MTM:MST Major Grid Time 小格線一格多久時間 LTM:LST 每格多久放時間標記 LPR 標記要偏移多少時間 LFM strftime (date) 時間格式

-x HOUR:8:DAY:2:DAY:2:86400:%Y/%m/%d 主要格線一格為二天次要格線 8 小時故共 6 小格隔兩天輸出日期並日期移到 86400 秒時間格式 %Y/%m/%d

繪圖 - Y 軸的刻度 ,[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - DEF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DEF: <vname>=<rrdfile>:<ds-name>:<CF>[:step=<step>] [:start=<time>][:end=<time>][:reduce=< CF >]

繪圖 - DEF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - DEF ,[object Object],DEF:q2=rrd/ex6.rrd:q:AVERAGE:step=86400:start=now-8d:end=now-4d

繪圖 - VDEF ,[object Object],[object Object],VDEF : vname = RPN expression

繪圖 - CDEF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - CDEF 概念說明 : 正數 : 劃數值負數 : 畫佔比佔比有 CDEF 計算而來

繪圖 - CDEF ,[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 圖磈 ,[object Object]

繪圖 - 圖區的描繪 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 圖區的描繪 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 圖區的描繪範例

繪圖 - 圖例 / 說明 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],STACK:q2#FF00FF:"DNS-B " GPRINT:q2:MAX:"%6.0lf" GPRINT:q2:MIN:"%6.0lf" GPRINT:q2:AVERAGE:"%6.0lf" GPRINT:q2:LAST:"%6.0lf " COMMENT:" 主機最大最小平均現在 "

繪圖 - SHIFT ,[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 漸層效果 ,[object Object],[object Object]

繪圖 - 結語 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

相關工具 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

相關工具 - tune rrdtool tune filename [--heartbeat|-h ds-name:heartbeat] [--data-source-type|-d ds-name:DST] [--data-source-rename|-r old-name:new-name] [--minimum|-i ds-name:min] [--maximum|-a ds-name:max] [ … 其他略 ] [root@twnic rrd]# rrdtool tune example.rrd DS[q] typ: GAUGE hbt: 86400 min: 0.0000 max: 1000 .0000 DS[r] typ: GAUGE hbt: 86400 min: 0.0000 max: 1000 .0000 [root@twnic rrd]# rrdtool tune example.rrd -h q:3 [root@twnic rrd]# rrdtool tune example.rrd DS[q] typ: GAUGE hbt: 3 min: 0.0000 max: 1000.0000 DS[r] typ: GAUGE hbt: 86400 min: 0.0000 max: 1000 .0000

相關工具 - resize rrdtool resize filename rranum GROW|SHRINK rows [root@twnic rrd]# rrdtool info example.rrd |grep row # 查看 rra 檔案的訊息 rra[0].rows = 644000 # 0 為 rranum, 可知有 644000 筆 rra[0].pdp_per_row = 1 rra[1].rows = 72000 rra[1].pdp_per_row = 30 rra[2].rows = 36000 rra[2].pdp_per_row = 120 rra[3].rows = 18000 rra[3].pdp_per_row = 1440 [root@twnic rrd]# rrdtool resize example.rrd 0 SHRINK 604000 # SHRINK 意為縮減 You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@twnic rrd]# rrdtool info resize.rrd |grep row # 調整過後的檔案會另存 rra[0].rows = 40000 rra[0].pdp_per_row = 1 rra[1].rows = 72000 rra[1].pdp_per_row = 30 rra[2].rows = 36000 rra[2].pdp_per_row = 120 rra[3].rows = 18000 rra[3].pdp_per_row = 1440

相關工具 - fetch rrdtool fetch filename.rrd CF [-r|--resolution resolution] [-s|--start start] [-e|--end end] [root@twnic rrd]# rrdtool fetch example.rrd AVERAGE -s -33d -e -32d -r 300 q r 1225048500: 2.6199000000e+02 2.6199000000e+02 1225051500: 2.4797333333e+02 2.4797333333e+02 1225051800: 2.6394666667e+02 2.6394666667e+02 1225052100: 2.4705666667e+02 2.4705666667e+02 # 以下略 # 這個內容經過一點字串處理後即可再形成 rrdtoo; update 指令

相關工具 - info [root@twnic rrd]# rrdtool info example.rrd # 因篇幅關係 , 不重要的這裏不列進來 rrd_version = “0003” # 版本 ,rrdtool 1.0.X 此欄位 0001, 舊不容新 step = 300 last_update = 1227827402 ds[q].type = "GAUGE" ds[q].minimal_heartbeat = 86400 ds[q].min = 0.0000000000e+00 ds[q].max = 1.0000000000e+03 ds[q].last_ds = “UNKN” # GAUGE 不需知道最後一次的值是什麼 ds[q].value = 7.2200000000e+02 # COUNTER 等 last_ds 就會有值 ds[q].unknown_sec = 0 rra[3].cf = "AVERAGE" rra[3].rows = 6 000 rra[3].pdp_per_row = 288 rra[3].xff = 5.0000000000e-01 rra[3].cdp_prep[0].value = 1.5240152333e+05 rra[3].cdp_prep[0].unknown_datapoints = 0 rra[3].cdp_prep[1].value = 1.5240152333e+05 rra[3].cdp_prep[1].unknown_datapoints = 0

精髓 - RPN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

精髓 - RPN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

精髓 - RPN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

精髓 - RPN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

rrdtool/mrtg ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

rrdtool/mrtg mrtg2rrd ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],LogFormat: rrdtool 告訴 mrtg 資料要改用 rrd LibAdd: /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/i686-linux 要讓 mrtg 知道 RRDs.pm 在哪

範例 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object]

Rrdtool

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