Saudi Arabia’s healthcare system currently relies heavily on government funding, which accounts for 65% healthcare spending in the country. Healthcare trends in Saudi Arabia's, e.g. demographic shifts, high incidence rates of lifestyle related diseases, growing demand for private healthcare services, and strategic investments made by the government have driven demands for in vitro diagnostic (IVD) devices. Solidiance co-developed this exclusive white paper with Kind Abdulaziz Medical City and Abbott Diagnostics, highlighting the contribution, value and future of in vitro diagnostics in Saudi Arabia’s healthcare system. According to the report, the future looks bright for IVD in Saudi Arabia, however it depends on how fast it can be adopted and implemented in order to benefit the government, healthcare players seeking to improve and invest on the sector, and also the people.
This is a presentation on HIV more commonly known as AIDS. There are lot of HIV possitive patients in this world, and we need to treat them with sympathy and care. Let's not hate them.
ASSIGNMENT ON NEW DISCOVERIES ABOUT HEPATITIS C
HERE I EXPLAIN YOU ABOUT
INTRODUCTION HISTORY SYMPTOMS DIGNOSIS TREATMENTPREVENTIONdiscoveries about hepatitis c in 2020
WHAT IS HEPATITIS C ?
The hepatitis C virus is a small, enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer and lymphomas in humans. Scientific name: Hepacivirus: hepatitis c virusFamily: FlaviviridaeKingdom: OrthornavirAE
HISTORY
Hepatitis C was first discovered in the 1980s when it became apparent that there was a new virus (not hepatitis A or B) causing liver damage. Before being properly identified in 1989 it was originally known as non-A non-B hepatitis. In 1991 a screening process was developed making it possible to detect HCV in blood samples.
The credit of discovery of HCV goes to Michael Houghton, Harvey Alter, and Charles Rice for which they are awarded 2020 Nobel Prize in Medicine.
Hepatitis C is a blood-borne virus that predominantly infects the cells of the liver. This can result in inflammation and significant damage to the liver. It can also affect the liver’s ability to perform its essential functions. Although it has always been regarded as a liver disease - ‘hepatitis’ means ‘inflammation of the liver’ - recent research has shown that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects a number of other areas of the body. These can include the digestive system, the lymphatic system, the immune system and the brain.
SYMPTOMS
Following initial infection, approximately 80% of people do not exhibit any symptoms. Those who are acutely symptomatic may exhibit fever, fatigue, decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, pale faeces, joint pain and jaundice (yellowing of skin and the whites of the eyes).
DIAGNOSIS
HCV infection is diagnosed in 2 steps: Testing for anti-HCV antibodies with a serological test identifies people who have been infected with the virus. If thantibodiese test is positive for anti-HCV, a nucleic acid test for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) is needed to confirm chronic infection and the need for treatment.
TREATMENT
Hepatitis C medicines
Hepatitis C is treated using direct-acting antiviral (DAA) tablets.
DAA tablets are the safest and most effective medicines for treating hepatitis C.
They're highly effective at clearing the infection in more than 90% of people.
The tablets are taken for 8 to 12 weeks. The length of treatment will depend on which type of hepatitis C you have.
Some types of hepatitis C can be treated using more than 1 type of DAA.
NHS-approved hepatitis C medicines include:
HARVONI
sofosbuvir
a combination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir
a combination of ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir
Ribavirin ETC.
PREVENTION
There is no vaccine to prevent hepatitis C. The best way to prevent hepatitis C is by avoiding behaviors that can spread the disease, especially injecting drugs with non-sterile injection equipment.
As a landowner, you may confront a variety of hazards on your land or neighbouring land. These hazards could include; collapsing retaining walls, landslides and rock falls. The problem with these hazards, if they are not dealt with in the right manner, can cause disputes between neighbours and can be typically drawn out and costly.
www.muellers.com.au I 02 9562 1266
A brief description about Pharmacovigilance, aims and scope, need of pharmacovigilance, programs by WHO for international drug safety monitoring, UMC, VIGIBASE, WHO causality assessment scale and specific regulatory bodies of various countries
The 10 Most Impactful Leaders in Life Science.pdfTHECIOWORLD
This edition features a handful of The Most Impactful Leaders in Life Science that are leading us into a better future
Read More: https://thecioworld.com/the-10-most-impactful-leaders-in-life-science-september2023/
Virtual Workshop Innovative Approaches to Drug Safety 2019Arete-Zoe, LLC
The current practice of pharmacovigilance is fraught with challenges and limitations. Still, new technologies, perspectives, and concerns are shaping the way stakeholders will need to conduct this crucial activity in the coming years. You are cordially invited to join our workshop on the future of pharmacovigilance. We offer you an opportunity to participate in a robust, informative, and professional discussion about the future of pharmacovigilance. We seek your perspectives on the issues before us today and how they will influence the drug safety environment in the 2020s.
We understand the challenges and limitations of the current ways to conduct the business of pharmacovigilance and seek your perspective to achieve broader consensus. Topics of interest include the role of stakeholders in shaping the informational needs, system responsiveness, production of real-world evidence, incentives and barriers to investment
into automation and AI tools, the monetary value of safety information, patient privacy issues, and innovative approaches toward generating evidence.
This is a presentation on HIV more commonly known as AIDS. There are lot of HIV possitive patients in this world, and we need to treat them with sympathy and care. Let's not hate them.
ASSIGNMENT ON NEW DISCOVERIES ABOUT HEPATITIS C
HERE I EXPLAIN YOU ABOUT
INTRODUCTION HISTORY SYMPTOMS DIGNOSIS TREATMENTPREVENTIONdiscoveries about hepatitis c in 2020
WHAT IS HEPATITIS C ?
The hepatitis C virus is a small, enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer and lymphomas in humans. Scientific name: Hepacivirus: hepatitis c virusFamily: FlaviviridaeKingdom: OrthornavirAE
HISTORY
Hepatitis C was first discovered in the 1980s when it became apparent that there was a new virus (not hepatitis A or B) causing liver damage. Before being properly identified in 1989 it was originally known as non-A non-B hepatitis. In 1991 a screening process was developed making it possible to detect HCV in blood samples.
The credit of discovery of HCV goes to Michael Houghton, Harvey Alter, and Charles Rice for which they are awarded 2020 Nobel Prize in Medicine.
Hepatitis C is a blood-borne virus that predominantly infects the cells of the liver. This can result in inflammation and significant damage to the liver. It can also affect the liver’s ability to perform its essential functions. Although it has always been regarded as a liver disease - ‘hepatitis’ means ‘inflammation of the liver’ - recent research has shown that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects a number of other areas of the body. These can include the digestive system, the lymphatic system, the immune system and the brain.
SYMPTOMS
Following initial infection, approximately 80% of people do not exhibit any symptoms. Those who are acutely symptomatic may exhibit fever, fatigue, decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, pale faeces, joint pain and jaundice (yellowing of skin and the whites of the eyes).
DIAGNOSIS
HCV infection is diagnosed in 2 steps: Testing for anti-HCV antibodies with a serological test identifies people who have been infected with the virus. If thantibodiese test is positive for anti-HCV, a nucleic acid test for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) is needed to confirm chronic infection and the need for treatment.
TREATMENT
Hepatitis C medicines
Hepatitis C is treated using direct-acting antiviral (DAA) tablets.
DAA tablets are the safest and most effective medicines for treating hepatitis C.
They're highly effective at clearing the infection in more than 90% of people.
The tablets are taken for 8 to 12 weeks. The length of treatment will depend on which type of hepatitis C you have.
Some types of hepatitis C can be treated using more than 1 type of DAA.
NHS-approved hepatitis C medicines include:
HARVONI
sofosbuvir
a combination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir
a combination of ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir
Ribavirin ETC.
PREVENTION
There is no vaccine to prevent hepatitis C. The best way to prevent hepatitis C is by avoiding behaviors that can spread the disease, especially injecting drugs with non-sterile injection equipment.
As a landowner, you may confront a variety of hazards on your land or neighbouring land. These hazards could include; collapsing retaining walls, landslides and rock falls. The problem with these hazards, if they are not dealt with in the right manner, can cause disputes between neighbours and can be typically drawn out and costly.
www.muellers.com.au I 02 9562 1266
A brief description about Pharmacovigilance, aims and scope, need of pharmacovigilance, programs by WHO for international drug safety monitoring, UMC, VIGIBASE, WHO causality assessment scale and specific regulatory bodies of various countries
The 10 Most Impactful Leaders in Life Science.pdfTHECIOWORLD
This edition features a handful of The Most Impactful Leaders in Life Science that are leading us into a better future
Read More: https://thecioworld.com/the-10-most-impactful-leaders-in-life-science-september2023/
Virtual Workshop Innovative Approaches to Drug Safety 2019Arete-Zoe, LLC
The current practice of pharmacovigilance is fraught with challenges and limitations. Still, new technologies, perspectives, and concerns are shaping the way stakeholders will need to conduct this crucial activity in the coming years. You are cordially invited to join our workshop on the future of pharmacovigilance. We offer you an opportunity to participate in a robust, informative, and professional discussion about the future of pharmacovigilance. We seek your perspectives on the issues before us today and how they will influence the drug safety environment in the 2020s.
We understand the challenges and limitations of the current ways to conduct the business of pharmacovigilance and seek your perspective to achieve broader consensus. Topics of interest include the role of stakeholders in shaping the informational needs, system responsiveness, production of real-world evidence, incentives and barriers to investment
into automation and AI tools, the monetary value of safety information, patient privacy issues, and innovative approaches toward generating evidence.
REAL WORLD DATA SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS IN HEALTH OUTCOMES RESEARCH ClinosolIndia
Health outcomes research aims to assess the real-world effectiveness, safety, and value of healthcare interventions. In recent years, the availability and utilization of real-world data (RWD) have significantly contributed to advancing health outcomes research. This paper explores the various sources of real-world data and their applications in health outcomes research.
Real-world data refers to data collected outside of controlled clinical trials, often generated through routine healthcare delivery, electronic health records (EHRs), claims databases, registries, wearable devices, and patient-reported outcomes. These data sources provide a wealth of information on patient characteristics, treatment patterns, healthcare utilization, and clinical outcomes in real-world settings.
India Cancer Diagnostics Market: Size, Share, and In-Depth Competitive Analys...Kumar Satyam
According to the TechSci Research report, “India Cancer Diagnostics Market –Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2028,” the India Cancer Diagnostics Market stood at USD 571.03 billion in 2022 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 7.36% in the forecast period, 2024-2028. Awareness among individuals regarding cancer diagnostics has led to favorable market conditions for the India Cancer Diagnostics market. Several factors contribute to the growth of various cancer diagnostics products, including advancements in technology, government initiatives, and increased healthcare investments.
Market Dynamics
Rising Incidence of Cancer
In 2022, the projected number of new cancer cases in India was 1,461,427, with a crude incidence rate of 100.4 per 100,000 individuals. Approximately one in nine people in India is expected to face a cancer diagnosis during their lifetime. Notably, lung cancer ranked highest among males, while breast cancer held the top spot for females. Within childhood cancers (0-14 years), lymphoid leukemia emerged as the predominant site, accounting for 29.2% in boys and 24.2% in girls. Looking ahead, an estimated 12.8% increase in cancer incidence by 2025 is expected compared to 2020.
Role of the Biochemistry Labs in Promoting the Health Care Services for the I...IJERA Editor
The health care in the State of Kuwait depends to a greater extent on the biochemical and clinical labs attached
at each hospital. The data obtained from these laboratories will facilitate the process of diagnosing the disease
accurately. This will have a positive impact on the selection of appropriate treatment for the patients in general
and for diabetics specifically.
The main objective of this research was to build a profile for lab analysis and a database for building a
comprehensive system of integrated activities to raise health care for diabetic patients in Kuwait. The study
revealed the burden of admitted diabetic cases on the blood chemistry laboratory in Sabah Hospital (in relation
to length of stay and total numbers of lab requests). The aim was fulfilled by designing a model of the
biochemical tests for diabetics; filling in forms from the reality of patient data, completing and analyzing the
results electronically.
The study showed the importance of biochemical and clinical labs since they act as the link of patient's
information at the secondary health care level.
Say no to cervical cancer-PUBLIC Awareness-Life Care Centre_Dr.Sharda JainLifecare Centre
Cervical Cancer in INDIA
Say no to cervical cancer
Dr.Sharda Jain
Life Care Centre
PUBLIC Awareness_Dr.Sharda Jain
HPV Infection
HPV Vaccination
Cervical Screening
SEE & TREAT Programme tp Prevent Cervical Cancer
Stroke prevention services - quality & safety indicatorsHelicon Health
Prof David Patterson, Consultant Cardiologist, Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine and CEO of Helicon Health, gave this presentation at Commissioning Live - November 2014. He covers a range of issues including better identification of patients with atrial fibrillation and better management of anticoagulation patients.
Helicon Health's web-based integrated package - HeliconHeart - is compliant with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines on anticoagulation and self-monitoring, and cited as a learning exemplar in NICE’s guidelines for atrial fibrillation.
Women's Health Diagnostics Market PPT: Overview, Dynamics, Trends, Segmentati...IMARC Group
The global women's health diagnostics market size reached US$ 29.2 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 52.6 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 6.6% during 2024-2032.
More Info:- https://www.imarcgroup.com/womens-health-diagnostics-market
2014 Report: Medicines in Development for HIV/AIDSPhRMA
Biopharmaceutical Company Researchers Are Developing More Than 40 Medicines and Vaccines For HIV Infection Treatment and Prevention
Globally, approximately 35 million people are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, new infections have dropped by 38 percent since 2001, according to UNAIDS, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS.
Similar to Role of In Vitro Diagnostics in Saudi Arabia (20)
Iran's Revival : What Will Your Strategy Be?Solidiance
On January 16th 2016, the 37 years of successive sanctions against Iran was lifted. Iran is currently home to 1.5% of the global GDP and is the 18th largest economy in the world, presenting itself as a strong business-case for significant Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). For the Iranian government, this means an immediate access to USD 150 billion in frozen assets, and an opportunity to rebuild the country’s industrialized economy. For businesses, the most immediate and significant sanctions to be lifted against Iran are the financial sanctions that have barred the country from playing in the global financial markets. This white paper provides a review of the Iranian economy, comparing it to lucrative emerging markets in the Middle East and Asia such as Turkey, Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, while also highlighting investment opportunities and risks in Iran today.
Emerging Opportunities in Myanmar's Diagnostic Imaging and In-Vitro DiagnosticsSolidiance
With the increasing economic growth and demographic changes in Myanmar, expenditure in the healthcare landscape is set to rise exponentially by the growing awareness of regular check-up for early detection of non-communicable diseases. The country is also witnessing rapid growth in healthcare demand which inevitably results in the development of the healthcare system. These shifts are creating emerging opportunities for private healthcare companies, especially in the Diagnostic Imaging (DI) and In Vitro Diagnostics market. However, demand for better healthcare services are increasing faster than supply, requiring global healthcare players to have a long strategic view of the market. This white paper analyses these trends and provides strategic insights to create a sustainable long term strategy to capitalize on these opportunities.
Indonesia's Green Industrial Estates and Best PracticesSolidiance
The rising trend of industrial estates in Indonesia coupled with a growing concern for environmental and social awareness have led industrial players in the adoption of green initiatives for their industrial estate. In the white paper, Solidiance mapped all 233 existing industrial estates in Indonesia, analyzes them using international best practices as a benchmark and our own framework that integrates three core pillars – economic, social, and environmental. The end result of assessment is the Best 5 Green Industrial Estates which can act as a guidelines for existing and new industrial players in shifting their business approach into a sustainable system. Although Indonesia’s industrial estates are still at a nascent stage, promising opportunities are visible in the marketplace.
Malaysia's Automation Sector: Pursuit of Opportunities and Shift of Industria...Solidiance
The market for Malaysia’s industrial automation vendors seem to have fallen into a state of idle uncertainty in which they will need to re-orientate and adapt in the market. Oil & gas, electronics and the automotive industries are facing rising costs and increased competition from neighboring markets.
Albeit high investments in 2014, the focus is now leaning towards chemicals and refinement of petroleum. In this white paper, Solidiance screened 198 automation vendors in Malaysia with 10 in-depth interviews on the business outlook and future industrial opportunities. The survey showed that firms radically turn away from manufacturing sectors such as oil & gas, and instead see the future in processing industries, e.g. chemicals and food processing.
China's chemical market is the world's largest which currently faces production overcapacity, slow growth of local demand, and high competition intensity. In this white paper, Solidiance addresses the questions on how to grow and maintain market position as many emerging competitors are moving up to the value chain through product upgrade, continuous innovation, and business expansion.
The answers are “The New Chemical Era in China” which will come up as the phenomenon resulting from the ability of different chemical companies to create their market identities to gain competitiveness.
This phenomenon is expected to gradually open new opportunities in development of different industry sectors, such as automotive, energy, construction, as well as electrical & electronic (E&E).
Myanmar, the Next Manufacturing Hub (focused on Special Economic Zones)Solidiance
Trade and investment liberalization, access to a large domestic and regional market, as well as abundant low cost labor make Myanmar attractive from a manufacturing perspective, but can Myanmar be the next China?
Solidiance further explores this topic in their latest white paper about Myanmar as the Next Manufacturing Hub. As the government is moving forward to increase share of industrials in the overall economy and boost exports to narrow the trade deficit as part of its 5 year plan.
However, infrastructure remains a key challenge and the government is now depending on the development of industrial and special economic zones (SEZ).
The market for Green Buildings in Vietnam | www.solidiance.com |Solidiance
Solidiance collaborated with the Vietnam Green Building Council (VGBC) to produce a comprehensive assessment of Vietnam's Green Building Sector. The results show that the green buildings market in Vietnam is still at the early stages of development, primarily as a result of cost sensitivities, low electricity prices, short-term thinking and misaligned incentives between building developers and users, an underdeveloped regulatory market, and a limited supply of skilled employees with green building awareness. This paper elaborates the market overview of the green building industry, green certifications used i.e. LOTUS and LEED, BCA GreenMark, and the market opportunity currently existing in Vietnam.
The China market for renewable energy: boom or bust ? | www.solidiance.comSolidiance
This Solidiance paper provides a snapshot of the renewable energy market in China and demonstrates the challenges and opportunities faced by this industry. The paper identifies the three key drivers behind the increasing importance of renewable energies to China, before examining the Chinese Government’s targets and strategies at the root of this industry growth in China. By examining four key sectors in focus, China hydro power, China wind power, China solar power and China biofuels, this paper ultimately demonstrates that while renewable energies are vital to China’s continued sustainable growth, there are a number of challenges which must first be overcome in each of the renewable sectors examined here if China is to extract the maximum potential from their renewable energy industries.
Visit www.solidiance.com and www.chinamarketintelligence.com for more insights on how we can help you to successfully enter the Chinese renewable energy market and grow your revenue in this sector.
4G Business Readiness: LTE Opportunities and Challenges in Asia | www.solidi...Solidiance
LTE global growth is forecasted to be led by Asia Pacific with India and China as major drivers. In this whitepaper, Solidiance provides a snapshot of the likely changes Long Term Evolution will bring to Asia wireless communication operators and the mobile internet service providers. It compares the differences between LTE and WiMAX, as well as outlook of the LTE network adoption worldwide via the growth of 3G subscriber base from now, until 2013.
Other key takeaways included in this whitepaper are forecasts of 3G subscribers by region, worldwide LTE adoption data, mobile usage behaviour of several Asian countries, as well as the key challenges and opportunities of LTE adoption.
Visit www.solidiance.com for more insights on how we can help you position and grow your business in Asia Pacific.
Myanmar Market Entry: Time to invest or investigate ? www.solidiance.comSolidiance
In this whitepaper Solidiance provides a Myanmar market overview, a quick industry assessment, the challenges/issues facing investors and the need to know before a Myanmar Market Entry. More details on www.myanmarmarketentry.com
Sectors researched include Myanmar telecommunication, Myanmar banking, Myanmar infrastructure, Yangon transportation, Myanmar oil & gas, Myanmar power and utilities, as well the Myanmar automotive market.
Visit www.solidiance.com and www.marketresearchmyanmar.com for more insights on how we can help you to successfully enter the Myanmar market and grow your sales in the country.
Solidiance operates an office in Yangon since 2011 and has successfully served several Fortune 500 in Myanmar.
China's Manufacturing Sector - the End of a Great Growth Era? www.solidiance.comSolidiance
Following decades of its rapid growth, China's construction sector is hitting an unprecedented slowdown. As foreign players struggle in the challenged market, China's homegrown manufacturers are still expanding their business as well as extending more credit to customers.
To cope with the issue and maintain a steady growth pattern in China, the industry players need to apply tactful actions and new China market strategies. This document is extracted from a presentation by Pilar Dieter, Solidiance's China Principal during the "CHaINA 2012" conference in Shanghai, November 2012, and provides some foresight on the China Manufacturing and Construction sectors.
Japanese Green Building Construction Materials in Singapore - Do they stand a...Solidiance
How can Japanese green building materials enter and capture market share in the Singapore construction sector ?
This document is extracted from a workshop Solidiance conducted at the Japanese Chamber of Commerce in Singapore. The presentation is in both English and Japanese. For more on details on how Solidiance can support your business growth in Asia, please visit www.solidiance.com
The Electrical Vehicle Market in China - The next wave ? www.solidiance.com Solidiance
Based on Solidiance’s forecast, there could be between 2 to 4 million green cars on the roads in China by 2020, given a 5-10 % penetration rate of the Chinese Electric Vehicle Market. This China Market Intelligence whitepaper reviews the drivers and barriers to growth in the China Electrical Automotive sector and covers the issue of electrical batteries as well.
Top 10 Asia Green Cities - Asian Green City Index - www.solidiance.com Solidiance
Tokyo is the greenest major city in the Asia-Pacific region. Solidiance publishes the first ever Asia Pacific Top 10 Green Cities ranking after analyzing all key urban hubs in the region.
Asia Mobile Telecom Innovations Solidiance MMASolidiance
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How global warming will affect your Asia business - www.solidiance.comSolidiance
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China Software Outsourcing Industry - www.solidiance.comSolidiance
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LGBTQ+ Adults: Unique Opportunities and Inclusive Approaches to CareVITASAuthor
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TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
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Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
About this webinar: This talk will introduce what cancer rehabilitation is, where it fits into the cancer trajectory, and who can benefit from it. In addition, the current landscape of cancer rehabilitation in Canada will be discussed and the need for advocacy to increase access to this essential component of cancer care.
Rate Controlled Drug Delivery Systems, Activation Modulated Drug Delivery Systems, Mechanically activated, pH activated, Enzyme activated, Osmotic activated Drug Delivery Systems, Feedback regulated Drug Delivery Systems systems are discussed here.
Cold Sores: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention Strategies | The Lifesciences ...The Lifesciences Magazine
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Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
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Veterinary Diagnostics Market PPT 2024: Size, Growth, Demand and Forecast til...IMARC Group
The global veterinary diagnostics market size reached US$ 6.6 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 12.6 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 7.3% during 2024-2032.
More Info:- https://www.imarcgroup.com/veterinary-diagnostics-market
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Role of In Vitro Diagnostics in Saudi Arabia
1. The Role of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
The Laboratory Test in Saudi Arabia:
King Abdul-Aziz Medical City-Riyadh
National Guard Health Affairs
Ministry Of National Guard
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia
2. Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine,
King Abdulaziz Medical City,
Riyadh
Clinical Scientist, Molecular
Microbiology, King Abdulaziz
Medical City, Riyadh
Dr. Abdulaziz Al Ajlan, MD
Dr. Javed Akhter, Ph.D
Chairman
Head of Laboratory Quality
Management and Health &
Safety
| Authors
KingAbdulazizMedicalCity,Riyadhprovidesprimary,secondaryandtertiaryservice
with a capacity of 2,000 beds and approximately 3 million outpatient visits a year.
It has established itself as a center of excellence as it has the largest Emergency
Care Center in the Middle East, a state of the art Hepatobiliary Sciences and Liver
Transplant Center, a state of the art Cardiac facility, Long Term and Extended
Care Services for patients requiring long-term nursing care, and the recently
commissioned Oncology Unit. Other newly commissioned projects include: The
King Abdullah Specialist Children’s Hospital, which is the first children’s medical
referralinstituteinSaudiArabia,theKingAbdullah’sInternationalMedicalResearch
Center and the new 23,000 sqm Central Laboratory. The Department of Pathology
& Laboratory Medicine is a large and modern medical laboratory accredited by
the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and the American Association of Blood
Banks (AABB).
Abbott Diagnostics provides in vitro diagnostics, and instrument systems and tests
for hospitals, reference labs, blood banks, physician offices, and clinics worldwide.
It offers automation, hematology, immunochemistry, and transfusion instruments;
and reagents/tests for applications in the fields of cancer, cardiac, drugs of abuse/
toxicology, fertility/pregnancy, general chemistry, infectious disease, congenitals,
hepatitis, retrovirus, metabolic, renal, specific proteins, therapeutic drug
monitoring, thyroid, and transplant. Abbott Diagnostics was founded in 1972, has
72,000 employees, operates in over 130 countries worldwide and is based in Santa
Clara, California.
Solidiance is an established Asia-focused management consulting firm entrusted
by Fortune 500s and conglomerates to support growth across emerging and
developing markets in Asia. Solidiance works side-by-side with clients delivering
and implementing comprehensive growth strategies across Asia from our 10
offices between Turkey and Japan. Solidiance supported the development of this
white paper by providing a third-party verification and validation of the market
data, interviewing stakeholders across the Saudi healthcare landscape, and playing
the role of Editor to deliver a finished product.
| About King Abdulaziz Medical City
| About Abbott Diagnostics
| About Solidiance
2
Abbott Diagnostics
Solidiance
Dr. Ashraf Sami, PhD
Erika Masako Welch
Market Access Manager, Africa,
Middle East and Turkey
Director of Business
Development Middle East
| Co-AuthorE
| Co-Author
3. 3
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
I. An Introduction to in vitro diagnostics (IVD) 5
Comprehensive Role of Diagnostics 5
Spotlight on IVD Applications 6
Benefits of IVD 6
IVD Demand is Growing Globally 7
II. Healthcare in the Middle East & North Africa 8
Regional Pressure Points 8
III. KSA Healthcare Trends 10
Demographic Shifts in Saudi Arabia 10
High Incidence Rates of Lifestyle Related Diseases 11
Growing Demand for Private Healthcare Services 15
Strategic Healthcare Investments by Government 17
IV. The Role of IVD in Saudi Arabia 19
V. Conclusions 20
VI. References 21
Table of
Contents
5. 5
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
An Introduction
to in vitro diagnostics (IVD)
With increasing cases of new strains of viruses, epidemic and pandemic diseases,
healthcare professionals are innovating healthcare solutions to improve the
combat of, and cure for, diseases worldwide. Among these innovations is in vitro
diagnostics (IVD). IVD plays a significant role in saving people’s lives by providing
accurate diagnosis and prognosis, which enables improved monitoring and
treatment. Both public and private healthcare officials consistently rate quality
care and value-for-money as key priorities in health care; as such, there is a strong
need to have high quality laboratory testing.
IVD, more universally known as ‘laboratory tests’, can be defined as a test
performed in a controlled environment outside a living organism to help and
support a diagnosis. IVDs are medical devices and accessories used to perform
tests on samples, (e.g. blood, urine, tissue and other body fluids from the human
body) in order to help detect infection, diagnose a medical condition, prevent
disease, and monitor drug therapies. It can be used to detect complex virus strains
and infectious diseases such as Ebola and MERs at hospitals with sophisticated
molecular technology including reagents, instrumentation and software, or it can
be as simple as performing a pregnancy test at home.
Risk
Assessment
Screening Diagnosis Staging and
Prognosis
Therapy
Selection
Monitoring
Diagnostic
test to
complement
traditional
risk factors
Diagnostics help clinicians optimally manage patients through the continuum of care.
Implement
wellness
program
proactively
Applied to
high-risk
patient to
identify
disease early
Nip disease
in the bud
with early
treatment
Use for
definitive
diagnosis
and general
typing
Refer to the
appropriate
specialist
Assess
severity and/
or risk of
recurrence
Inform
adjuvent
therapy
decision
Determine
whether
treatmet is
necessary
Used to
predict
efficacy
or safety
response
to specific
treatments
Do not waste
unproductive
therapy
Recurrence
monitoring
Momonitoring
for treatment
efficacy
Control
disease
progression
with changes
in treatment
Description
Comprehensive Role of Diagnostics
Clinical
Implications
Source: DxInsights White Paper January 2012
6. 6
IVD can be classified into 3 main types:
(a) clinical laboratory testing, (b) point of care testing, and (c) self-testing.
The IVD market is also distributed by laboratory specializations (e.g. anatomic pathology, immunology, molecular diagnostics,
hematology and microbiology), or by product-type (e.g. instruments and reagents), or by applications to diseases (which
comprise mainly of, but are not limited to, diabetes, oncology, cardiology, HIV/AIDS, autoimmune disease and nephrology).
Benefits of IVD
Spotlight on IVD Applications
IVD enables timely and accurate diagnosis, enables reduction in the
incidence rate of diseases, and provides significant cost-savings. Research
has shown that IVD adoption can bring significant benefits to healthcare,
including reduction of Staph infection incidence rates by ~70%, cervical
cancer rates by ~75%, and cancer reoccurrence rates and death by ~50%.
In the USA, the use of regular screening, such as Pap Tests for women,
has contributed to the significant reduction in incidence rate and mortality
from cervical cancer – by up to 75-80%. The diagnostic laboratory uses
more than 1,600 different tests today, mostly provided by the in vitro
diagnostic industry.
Diagnostics represent only ~2% of global healthcare spending, but are
critical to medical decision-making. A research in North America has found
that approximately 60% of all medical decisions are based on IVD tests
for its ability to deliver accurate diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring. This
signifies a huge potential for relatively low cost tests, which will, in turn,
greatly reduce the burden of diseases that cost healthcare ecosystems
billions of dollars every year.
HIV/AIDS remains a prominent disease being tackled at the highest levels; at the end of 2013, 35 million people were living
with HIV worldwide.
The UN Millenium Development Goals (MDG) has sought to provide universal access to HIV/AIDS treatment, while
simultaneously implementing initiatives in hopes to eradicate the disease. Back in 2001, the WHO estimated that inadequate
blood screening had resulted in 1 million new HIV infections worldwide, stressing the importance of HIV diagnostic adoption.
WHO has been working with countries to implement the Global Health Sector Strategy on HIV/AIDS for 2011-2015.
Source: AdvamedDx
By Applications (2014)
1. AUTOIMMUNE
DISEASES
Infectious
diseases
Highest Revenue
Generating Segments
USD 21.23 billion in
2020
5. NEPHROLOGY
2. CANCER/
ONCOLOGY
6. CARDIOLOGY
3. DRUG TESTING
7. DIABETES
4. HIV/AIDS
8. OTHERS
Global IVD Market
Approximately
60% of all
medical decisions
are based on
IVD tests for
its ability to
deliver accurate
diagnosis,
prognosis and
monitoring.
Source: AdvaMedX
7. 7
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
IVD Demand is Growing Globally
Incidence reduction rate globally due to the use of IVD Economic benefits of using IVD
Owing to its benefits, there is steady growth in
IVD adoption and usage worldwide. Increasing
incidence rates of infectious diseases, and the
rising incidence of cancer are just some of the
key external factors driving IVD demand globally,
especially in the Molecular Diagnostics and
Immunochemistry segments. The current global
IVD market size was over USD 55 billion in 2014,
and is expected to reach USD 75 billion by 2020.
North America is still the largest market, comprising
40% of the total IVD industry globally. Meanwhile,
Asia is the fastest growing region, with China and
India leading the charge. The main driving forces
for the increased uptake in IVD in these emerging
economies is increased government funding and
improved healthcare facilities.
Average Staph infection treatment cost of USD
19,000 can be reduced by early detection of the
disease.
Diagnosis, prognosis and early treatment of
tuberculosis enables the reduction of treatment cost
by ~20% by identifying underlying case quickly.
IVD enables early and rapid detection of the Sepsis
and reduce the length of stay by average of ~7 days
which translate to average cost saving of over USD
15,000 per person with severe Sepsis.
Usage of hs Troponin have allowed for physicians to
confidently rule out 40% of patients suspected to
have acute coronary syndrome; BNP biomarkers have
shown 10% decrease in admission rates in patients
with cardiovascular diseases (CVD); and Galectin-3
have assisted physicians in identifying heart failure
patients with increased risk of hospital re-admission.
Reduction of Staph infection rate
Reduction of cervical cancer rate
Reduction of cancer reoccurrence rate and death rate
0
0
0
70 %
75 %
50 %
100
100
100
Global
IVD
market
by value (2014)
Emerging
countries
Developed
countries
North
America
Immunochemistry
Point of care diagnostics
Molecular diagnostics and self
monitoring blood glucose
Hematology, tissue
diagnostics and hemostastis
Point of Care (POC) diagnostics now leads the
global IVD market in terms of IVD classification;
POC includes tests used by healthcare
professionals in hospitals, physician office
labs, and health clinics. Molecular diagnostics
follows POC IVD, and is the fastest growing IVD
sector globally; molecular diagnostics includes
products used to directly analyze nucleic
acids for the detection of genetic disorders or
infectious pathogens such as HIV or hepatitis
viruses, virology, bacteriology, molecular blood
donor screening, and genetic testing.
28%
25%
40%
35%
30%
15%
27%
Global
IVD
market
by classification ( 2014)
Source: Advameddx, Emediicine, the European Diagnostic Manufacturers Association
Source: Reuters
Source: Reuters
8. 8
Healthcarein the Middle East & North Africa
Regional Pressure Points
Healthcare expenditure
per capita
Healthcare expenditure
per capita
• Average life expectancy : ~72 years
• Average life expectancy : 80 years
• Average incidence of diabetes: ~11%
• Average incidence of diabetes: 6.9%
• Average mortality rate of CVD: 45%
• Average mortality rate of CVD is < 30%
Healthcare expenditure
as a percentage of GDP
Healthcare expenditure
as a percentage of GDP
Comparison of the Highest Healthcare Expenditures in MENA vs OECD countries (2014)
Health Average Across Gulf Region:
Health Average across OECD countries:
~USD 2,043
USD 9,146
~2.2%
~17.1%
~USD 1,067
USD 5,718
~5%
~11.3%
~USD 1,569
USD 5,006
~3.2%
~10.9%
~USD 808
~5%
Qatar
USA
Bahrain
Canada
UAE
Germany
Saudi Arabia
MENA
countries
OECD
countries
The increasing population growth and the rising incidences of lifestyle diseases have
put strains on the healthcare systems in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
region. Although significant strides have been made in the healthcare sector
over the years, the regional healthcare ecosystem suffers from low healthcare
spending, low penetration of healthcare insurance, and relatively low levels of
private healthcare involvement in comparison to countries in the Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
Source: Solidiance Interviews and Analysis, Worldbank,OECD healthcare indicators, US National Library of Medicine
9. 9
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
Benefitting from being one of the world’s wealthiest countries coupled with having to
cater to a small population under 2.2 million people, Qatar leads the MENA region in
healthcare expenditure per capita (USD 2,043 per person). Despite Saudi Arabia having
invested amongst the highest percentage of national GDP on healthcare in the region
(approximately 5%), the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) only ranks 4th in the region on
healthcare expenditure (KSA: USD 808 per person). When comparing the top Middle
Eastern countries against top OECD countries in healthcare expenditures, there is a
significantgap.TheUSAinvestsover11timesthatofSaudiArabia’shealthcareexpenditure
per capita, while Canada and Germany invests over 7 times and 6 times, respectively.
The low incidence rates of disease and mortality, and longer life expectancies found in
the OECD countries are attributed to the higher levels of healthcare expenditures. OECD
countries also put an emphasis on primary healthcare - which involves early diagnosis
and prevention.
A report found that in a sample GCC country, less than ~5% of patients with diabetes have
their blood sugar levels controlled, highlighting the strong need for primary healthcare
care, including health screening and diagnostics in the region.
10. 10
Healthcare
trends in
Saudi Arabia
Demographic Shifts in Saudi Arabia
Total population of KSA in million
Total population of KSA in million
Fertility rate of KSA (Child born/woman)
Saudi Arabia’s healthcare system is facing significant pressures driven by a growing
aging population, which can be attributed to increased national life expectancy and
a decreasing national fertility rate. Life expectancy has increased nearly 35 years
over the past half-century, from an average 42 years in 1950 to 76 years in 2014.
Medical care services used by adults rises with age, and per capita expenditures on
healthcare are relatively high among older age groups worldwide.
In addition, while Saudi nationals have started to live much longer lives, families
have shrunk considerably in size, from an average 7 children per woman in 1950 to
2.17 in 2014. This has put some distress on the societal fabric of Saudi Arabia, where
the financial responsibility and burden of caring for aging parents has significantly
increased, yet distributed across fewer family members than in the past. All things
considered, Saudi Arabia still has amongst the fastest growing populations in the
world.
2010
2005
0
1
2
3
4
5
2010
2011
2006
2015
2012
2007
2020e
2013
2008
2025e
2014
2009
2030e
2015e
2010
2035e
2016e
2011
2040e
2017e
2012
2045e
2018e
2013
2050e
2019e
2014
2020e
27.56
5%
28.38
7%
29.2
8%
29.99
10%
30.77
12%
31.39
15%
32.01
17%
32.65
20%
33.31
23%
33.97 34.65
Total population of KSA in million
% Share of
population over
60 years old
Fertility rate of KSA ( Child born/woman)
Source: Solidiance interviews and Analysis ,Statista, United Nations, index Mundi
11. 11
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
Lebanon
23%
Jordan
16.3%
Egypt
26.3%
Saudi Arabia
24%
UAE
37.3%
Kuwait
23%
Saudi Arabia
26.1%
Qatar
24%
With >6.9 million diabetics in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the country has the highest incidence rates of diabetes in the
MENA region, at 24%. KSA also has the second-highest incidence rates of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) at 26.1%. This high
incidence rate can be attributed to increasingly sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy high-in-sugar diets, and the rising consumption
of tobacco.
High Incidence Rates of Lifestyle Related Diseases
Countries with highest hypertension prevalence rate in MENA region (2014)
Countries with highest diabetes prevalence rate in MENA region (2014)
Source: Solidiance Interviews and Analysis
12. 12
It has been reported that an estimated 30% of all diabetics in Saudi Arabia
are unaware of having the disease. Saudi Arabia’s healthcare expenditure
for diabetes per person is USD 800 per person. Taking into account the 24%
prevalence rate in the Kingdom, diabetes accounts for nearly 1/4th of the
country’s total healthcare expenditures.
A hospital-based study in Saudi Arabia reported that there are lengthy stays
of ~45 days for stroke rehabilitation programs, attesting to the economic and
resource drain on the healthcare system in responding to and managing a
population that is susceptible to stroke.
It is therefore not unusual that the Saudi Government has started to invest
in disease prevention programs in an effort to curb the incidence rate of
these lifestyle diseases, which carry a significant burden on the Kingdom’s
healthcare and financial resources. Tobacco is one such pressure-point for the
country. In 2012, Saudi Arabia was reported to be the 4th largest importer of
tobacco in the world. The Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH) reports between 35-
45% of all adult males and 24% of preparatory school students in Saudi Arabia
are tobacco smokers. It is estimated that the social, health and economic
burden of tobacco use in Saudi Arabia costs the Kingdom up to SAR 5 billion
(USD ~1.3 billion) each year. In an effort towards national smoking cessation,
the government ordered a royal ban on smoking in all government facilities,
and most indoor public spaces in 2012. More recently, at the end of 2014,
all forms of smoking were banned within the city limits of Saudi’s two most
holiest cities: Mecca and Medina. The ban also prohibits the sale of tobacco
products within city limits.
Diabetes
accounts
for nearly
1/4th of the
country’s total
healthcare
expenditures.
13. 13
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
[Saudi Arabia] has adopted a
religiously inspired and radical
policy approach to strengthening
tobacco control.
“-
World Health Organization (WHO) Report 2014, A Smoke-Free City
Case Study: Mecca and Medina, Saudi Arabia
14. 14
The increasing economic burdens of lifestyle diseases in Saudi Arabia make the case clear for enhanced IVD usage in the
Kingdom. Enhanced prevention programs, integrated healthcare systems, and most importantly regular diagnostics for early
detection of disease can significantly reduce the burdens on both the healthcare system and the patient.
3.6
2.52.6
3
2010
2011
2012
2013
Rising
cigar
import
value in billions
in SAR
Rising cigar import value in billions SAR
Though Saudi Arabia currently has a
relatively low cancer incidence rate,
the country must also be ready to face
thechallengeofaforeseeableincrease
in cancer cases, mainly attributed
to the aging population. Dr. Ashwaq
Al Olayyan, the Head of the Adult
Tumor Department at King Abdulaziz
Medical City has issued warnings to
the public that though incidence rates
are still low in comparison to Western
societies, a rise in cases in Saudi
is being witnessed. Currently, the
treatment of a cancer patient in the
Kingdom costs nearly SAR 1 million per
year (USD ~267,000), placing another
financial burden on the country.
Though cancer incidence rates
are still low in comparison to
Western societies, a rise in cases in
Saudi, especially in cases of colon
cancer, is being witnessed. It is
important to establish preventative
mechanisms to combat the disease,
most especially through advanced
diagnostics for early detection.
“
-
Dr. Ashwaq Al Olayyan, Head of the Adult Tumor Department at King Abdulaziz Medical City
Source: Euromonitor
15. 15
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
Government facilities tend
to be of higher quality
than private healthcare
facilities in Saudi Arabia;
the private healthcare
ecosystem has significant
variability in the service
and quality of healthcare
provided.
“
-
Dr. Ahmed El Eisa, Supervisor General, Department of Medical
Services, Ministry of Interior
In order to meet the demands being placed on the current Saudi Healthcare infrastructure, expansion of overall healthcare
services and laboratory facilities are required. The pressure for growth are particularly great in the private healthcare system,
due to the manner in which Saudi’s overall healthcare system provides different access based on employment; either in the
private sector or public sector.
The MOH and other government-affiliated hospitals (i.e. military hospitals or public-private hospitals such as those run by
the state-owned oil and gas giant, Saudi Aramco) make up 77% of Saudi’s available healthcare infrastructure. These hospitals
and facilities are constructed specifically to provide free healthcare to government and government-affiliated employees and
their families.
Growing Demand for Private Healthcare Services
Ministry of
Health
Public labs Private labsOther
government
hospitals
Private
healthcare
60%
40%
60%
17%
23%
%
split of
healthcare
service
in KSA
2014
%
split of
laboratory
factory
in KSA
2014
Source: Solidiance Analysis and Interviews, International Journal of Business
and Economic Development, The Economist intelligence 2014
16. 16
Private healthcare, on the other hand, only makes up 23% of the
country’s available healthcare infrastructure, but caters to the lion’s
share of the population. Expatriates (~30% of the population) and
private sector employees (~35% of the population) and their families
only have access to the private healthcare sector. Laboratories have
a similar imbalance, with 60% of laboratories in Saudi Arabia being
government-affiliated, while only 40% are privately-run.
In Saudi Arabia, contrary to findings in many other developing nations,
publicly-run hospitals are perceived to have higher quality healthcare
than the private sector. In the Kingdom, this seems to be due to
investments made by the government and better standardization
across public hospitals. Dr. Ahmed El Eisa, a Supervisor General of
the Department of Medical Services at the Ministry of Interior notes
that, “the private healthcare ecosystem (in contrast to the public
healthcare facilities) has significant variability in the service and quality
of healthcare provided.”
The Saudi Arabian Government has already rolled out plans to expand
public healthcare facilities across the country, but has also begun to
encourage the development of the private healthcare sector to support
the government and shoulder public demand by means of offering
financial aid for expansion of both private hospitals and private labs.
Dr. M. Iqbal Musani, the Chairman
of the Department of Laboratory
Medicine from the Al Jedaani Group
of Hospitals highlighted the demands
being placed on the Saudi healthcare
infrastructure by saying, “due to
government hospitals often running at
full capacity, there is some spillage that
is graciously offered to some private
sector healthcare players, such as Al
Jedaani Group of Hospitals.” Despite
the private healthcare sector helping
to alleviate pressures in the public
healthcare system, the same does not
seem to apply for laboratory work.
Dr. Iqbal continues, “laboratories in
the public sector are fully equipped,
while the private sector is still playing
catch-up. There are times when
the private laboratories require the
assistance of the government-run labs
to run diagnostics on special cases,
due to lack of sophisticated laboratory
infrastructure in the private labs.”
There is definitely an upward
trend of IVD adoption in Saudi
Arabia, and it is expected
to continue as increased
funding and support is being
graciously provided by the
government. There is an
emphasis on improving the
private healthcare sector, and
this should help to address
the current gap between the
sophistication of public versus
private laboratories in the
country.
“
-
Dr. M. Iqbal Musani, Chairman, Department of Laboratory
Medicine at Al Jedaani Group of Hospitals
17. 17
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
SHI
In order to bolster private-sector
participation in the healthcare sector,
the government is offering loans to build
healthcare infrastructure at favorable
rates; this is also being applied to smaller
loanstoattractinvestorsforsmallerclinics
in rural and ‘underserved’ towns. Despite
these efforts, progress is slow – and
challenges abound. Challenges include a
shortage of available land to procure for
the construction of healthcare facilities.
Some experts have also expressed
concern that the rapid expansion plans
of Saudi’s healthcare infrastructure may
compromise on quality; in 2014, 33
private healthcare facilities were shut
down by the authorities for violating
health rules.
strategic healthcare investments by Government
The Saudi Government is not taking its healthcare challenges lightly; in 2015, Saudi Arabia increased its healthcare budget
by 49% from SAR 107 billion (approx. USD 28.5 billion) in 2014 to SAR 160 billion (approx. USD 42.7 billion) in 2015. This
significant healthcare budget increase is ear-marked for (a) the expansion of healthcare facilities, (b) the development of an
integrated e-healthcare system, and (c) enhancing primary healthcare centers and diagnostic laboratories across the country.
The government has announced plans to construct over 100 new public and private hospitals to meet current demands in the
coming years. The government is also pushing the uptake of integrated e-health systems, which will ensure that medical files
including diagnostics results are linked across all hospitals. By the end of 2015, the government aims to achieve a hospital
beds-to-population ratio of 3.50 beds per 1,000. The five medical cities under construction will add 6,200 new hospital beds
in the country alone; and the Ministry of Health has reported an expected 21% increase in the number of primary healthcare
centers from the 2,279 in 2013 to 2,750 centers by 2020.
Primary healthcare centers in Saudi Arabia
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e 2017e 2018e 2019e 2020e
0
2000
4000
Primary healthcare centers Linier (Primary healthcare centers)
Saudi Arabia
increased its
healthcare budget by
49% from SAR 107
billion (approx. USD
28.5 billion) in 2014
to SAR 160 billion
(approx. USD 42.7
billion) in 2015.
Source: Solidiance Interviews and Analysis, Ministry of Health KSA
18. 18
Finally, the government’s e-health initiative seeks to install a data center at the Saudi Ministry of Health, linking 22 regional
health directorates, 166 hospitals, and more than 40 hospital management centers across the region. In order to implement
this large-scale project, significant investments in healthcare IT across the country’s healthcare infrastructure can be seen.
The Kingdom’s IT expenditures reached SAR 15 billion in 2014 (USD 4 billion).
In addition, the government has been working towards universal health insurance, and hopes to have all Saudi Nationals and
expats covered by private health insurance by 2016. Though the government has required all expats working for the private
sector be covered by private health coverage since 2001, it has only been in the past 12 months that the same program
has been extended to public-sector employees. This strategic move by the government should drive up demand for private
healthcare services, in turn potentially attracting private-sector investment in the healthcare sector. This initiative has shown
a significant growth in the Saudi Insurance Market, having grown from SAR 3 million (approx. USD 800,000) in 2007, to SAR
21 million (approx. USD 5.6 million) in 2015. The Saudi Arabian insurance industry has remained one of the fastest growing
insurance industries across the world.
KSA Insurance Market (in SAR Million)
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
3.0
5.0
7.5
9.0
10.5
12.0
14.5
17.5
21.0
~19%
~41%
Source: Solidiance Interviews and Analysis, Analyst Report, Saudi Arabian monetary agency
19. 19
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
By 2018, Saudi Arabia’s population is forecasted to increase by 2 million, while the aging population (persons >60 years of
age) will grow from 7% to 8%. The prevalence of diabetes is expected to continue to increase from its current 24%, and other
lifestyle diseases are expected to grow and add pressure to the current healthcare infrastructure.
IVD will play a critical role in the integrated healthcare system proposed by the Saudi Government, enabling operation
efficiency and cost-savings across public and private healthcare ecosystems. IVD reduces unnecessary inpatient stays by
enabling early detection of diseases and hence allowing provision of timely treatment to patients.
It is clear that Saudi Arabia is expected to continue facing sharp increases in healthcare needs, which will in turn result in the
rapid growth of the IVD market. Currently, only 1% of the overall healthcare expenditure in Saudi Arabia is spent on IVD, and
is expected to grow to 1.5% by 2020. Despite this growth, 1.5% is still comparatively lower than the global average (i.e. 2%
of global healthcare expenditure is spent towards IVD), indicating further that there is room for significant growth in Saudi’s
IVD market.
In response to the growing demands being placed on the Kingdom’s healthcare system, the government has set-out to
implement key initiatives, including increasing insurance coverage towards a “universal coverage” system, the construction
of 30-50 major hospitals by 2016, and increasing private-sector involvement and investment in healthcare services. All of
these initiatives also point to a clear demand and forecasted growth for IVD in the Kingdom.
The Role of
IVD in Saudi
Arabia
Universal healthcare insurance means that more and
more people in Saudi Arabia will be able to get IVD
tests as part of the insurance coverage. Government
initiatives to enhance private sector involvement in
the healthcare industry will translate to faster growth
in hospital and laboratory infrastructure. Currently,
70% of the laboratory infrastructure in the Kingdom
is considered basic labs, and this infrastructure is
expected to see dramatic improvement by 2018.
All things considered, the Saudi Arabia IVD market is
growing at a CAGR of 6.5% and is projected to reach
USD ~500 million by 2018. Meanwhile, the greatest
growth in IVD will be seen in the private sector, as
private infrastructure growth will be emphasized
over the course of the next 3-5 years. Moreover,
current private laboratory infrastructure remains
less equipped in comparison to public laboratories.
Private Labs are growing at a rate of 10% CAGR, and
is projected to cater to 45% of the market by 2018.
IVD in Saudi Arabia
is a technology
definitely worth
investing in.
Referrals on IVD are
growing as there are
more laboratories
and physicians.
“
-
Dr. Ahmed El Eisa, Supervisor General, Department
of Medical Services, Ministry of Interior
20. 20
Conclusion
It is clear that the Saudi government has made strides to increase healthcare
spending in recent years. Further increase in spending will be needed in
order to bridge the gap between the quality of healthcare that is evident in
OECD countries in comparison to Middle East countries such as Saudi Arabia.
GCC countries, including Saudi Arabia, currently rely heavily on government
funding; the Saudi government accounts for 65% healthcare spending in the
country. Saudi Arabia has also been heavily subsidizing private healthcare
institutions and have aggressively promoted expanded health insurance to
promote the development of the private healthcare ecosystem. Increased
private-public partnerships for the development of hospitals, clinics and
laboratories are required in order to develop the sustainable healthcare
ecosystem Saudi Arabia needs.
Furthermore, due to the growing demands and higher expectations from
patients, many more laboratories are also seeking to become internationally
and nationally accredited to ensure better quality of laboratory services;
for the same reasons, a significant trend of outsourcing in vitro diagnostics
to the private sector is also emerging in Saudi Arabia. There is no question
that the Kingdom is geared for growth in the healthcare sector. IVD is one
healthcare segment that is expected to see significant increases over the
coming 5 to 10 years. In the short-term, IVD will provide the much needed
operational efficiencies and provide some level of relief to the currently
strained and over-stretched healthcare system.
In the medium-term, IVD offers significant cost reduction opportunities
for the government, and further provides higher-quality healthcare to
Saudi’s population, which is increasing in demand. IVD will deliver efficient
preventative care through integrated screening programs, offering early
detection and in turn reducing disease incidence rates and mortality rates.
In the medium to longer-term, we should expect to see innovative medical
technologies, infrastructure and approaches being adopted by Saudi
Arabia in order to bring greater efficiency, optimized services, and lead
to significant cost-cutting. Rather than duplicate prohibitively expensive
laboratory services and complex test algorithms, many hospitals and
healthcare organizations will be looking to consolidate services and utilize
expertise available in the region – and cross-regional collaborations may also
increase. Saudi Arabian healthcare providers may also begin to assess digital
technologies and digital laboratories in order to offer better test menus for
patients, cut-down on response times for second opinions, and offer more
sophisticated testing through alignment with larger, well-established, and
internationally accredited institutions.
The future looks bright for IVD in Saudi Arabia, it is only a question of how
fast it can be adopted and implemented in order to provide the benefits
the country – both in terms of the government and its people – needs and
desires.
21. 21
The Contribution, Value and Future of In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)
in Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare System
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