The document discusses revision in academic writing. It defines revision as revising a text to improve content, organization, structure and word choice. It outlines the history of revision from ancient Greece to modern approaches. It also discusses common revision strategies of student writers, which often involve superficial edits, and strategies teachers can use to help students revise more meaningfully, such as peer review and direct instruction. Key factors that encourage meaningful revision include effective feedback, genre instruction, and self and peer evaluation.