A brief "excursus" on the REST architectural style, with antipatterns and examples based on th

1. REST in peace
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2. AGENDA
● Vol. 1: REST in a nutshell
○ Tenets
○ Antipatterns
● Vol. 2: To the rescue
○ HTTP cache
○ HATEOAS
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3. Sorry for the ugly slide.
There will be others.
Really sorry.
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4. REST in a nutshell:
1. Client <> Server
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5. REST in a nutshell:
2. Stateless
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6. REST in a nutshell:
3. Cacheable
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7. REST in a nutshell:
4. Layered system
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8. REST in a nutshell:
5. Uniform
interface
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9. And obviously nobody had a clue
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10. ANTIPATTERNS
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11. 1
URIs
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12. "REST is about
cool URI design"
http://apple.com/users/1/licenses/4.json
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13. "REST is about
cool URI design"
http://apple.com/users/1/licenses/4.json
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14. http://apple.com/site/en_US/showUsers.jsp?uid=1&license=4
is OK too
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15. but
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16. cool URIs help you
think in term of resources
David Zuelke
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17. 2
URIs (bis)
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18. REST follows a URI schema
GET /users
POST /users
PUT /users/{id}
DELETE /users/{id}
...
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19. REST follows a URI schema
GET /users
POST /users
PUT /users/{id}
DELETE /users/{id}
...
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20. what if you change your
URL?
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21. Yeah,
client is
broken
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22. RESTful clients should
be driven by service's
hypermedia controls
Roy Fielding : http://roy.gbiv.com/untangled/2008/rest-apis-must-be-hypertext-driven
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23. HATEOAS
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24. 3
POST is cool
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25. said SOAP 1.1
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26. said SOAP 1.1
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27. loosing meaningful verbs at the protocol level
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28. loosing meaningful verbs at the protocol level
nothing cacheable by default
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29. loosing meaningful verbs at the protocol level
nothing cacheable by default
what about bookmarking?
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30. 4
500 is your friend
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31. said SOAP
( again )
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32. GET /users/300
Host: www.example.com
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33. GET /users/300
Host: www.example.com
HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error
Etag: 1234
X-Powered-By: php/5.3
...
The record cannot be found
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34. GET /users/300
Host: www.example.com
HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error
Etag: 1234
X-Powered-By: php/5.3
...
The record cannot be found
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35. The HTTP protocol is awesome,
and lets you return meaningful and
universally-understood status codes
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36. 404 Not Found
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37. 404 Not Found
OMG Link is broken?
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38. 202 Accepted
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39. 202 Accepted
You get an immediate OK, and the operation will hopefully complete
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40. Pause
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41. World Wide
Web
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42. the largest data-exchange network on the planet
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43. And meanwhile, at Facebook...
12TB of new data every day
(1 year ago)
500 million users
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44. And meanwhile, at Google...
1 billion
unique monthly googlers
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45. via HTTP , baby!
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46. HTTP in a nutshell:
1. Client <> Server
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47. HTTP in a nutshell:
2. Stateless
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48. HTTP in a nutshell:
3. widespread cache spec
http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec13.html
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49. HTTP in a nutshell:
Lao Tze Song using Firefox
5
Company proxy
Great chinese (fire)wall
Reverse proxy
Origin server
4. Layered system
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50. HTTP in a nutshell:
5. it is the uniform interface
between clients and servers
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51. HTTP bleeds REST
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52. 1.
caching & scalability
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53. Types of cache
Local
Shared/proxy
Shared/reverse proxy
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54. Types of cache
Local
Shared/proxy
Shared/reverse proxy
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55. PHP.TO.START, July 11 2011 - Turin

56. Types of cache
Local
Shared/proxy
Shared/reverse proxy
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57. PHP.TO.START, July 11 2011 - Turin

58. Types of cache
Local
Shared/proxy
Shared/reverse proxy
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59. PHP.TO.START, July 11 2011 - Turin

60. on the server side
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61. Caching with
Expiration
(example)
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62. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Host: www.example.com
Expires: 0
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63. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Host: www.example.com
Expires: 0
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64. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Host: www.example.com
Expires: Tue, 31 Jan 2011 01:00 GMT
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65. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Host: www.example.com
Cache-Control: max-age=60, public
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66. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Host: www.example.com
Cache-Control: max-age=60, public
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67. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Host: www.example.com
Cache-Control: max-age=60, public
Cacheable for 60 seconds
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68. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Host: www.example.com
Cache-Control: max-age=60, public
Cacheable by both local and shared caches
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69. but hey, you say
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70. HTTP's cache fails when dealing with really dynamic
pages, because consumers will always have to hit the
origin server, although a part of the page would be
cacheable ( header and footer, for example )
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71. Nope
Nope
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72. ESI was built for that
http://www.w3.org/TR/esi-lang
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73. <esi:include src="http://php2start.com/talks/1" />
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74. <esi:include src="http://php2start.com/talks/1" />
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75. <esi:include src="http://php2start.com/talks/1" />
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76. 1s (tweets)
3600 post
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77. <esi:include src='tweets.html' />
<esi:include src='article/12.html'
/>
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78. So what does HTTP cache is meant to solve?
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79. Less work
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80. http://www.flickr.com/photos/snakphotography/5004775320/sizes/o/in/photostream/
because the hard work is delegated to the browser/proxy
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81. evolve
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82. because cache is abstracted from the application
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83. loose coupling
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84. because caching is bound to the protocol, HTTP, not
to your implementation ( Sf, RoR, Django )
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85. 2.
adaptability & durability
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86. Hypermedia
another long-time friend
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87. Links
outrageously semplifying
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88. <link rel="payment" href="/checkout" type="text/html" ... />
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89. <link rel="payment" href="/checkout" type="text/html" ... />
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90. <link rel="payment" href="/checkout" type="text/html" ... />
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91. <link rel="payment" href="/checkout" type="text/html" ... />
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92. POST /users
Host: www.example.
com
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Host: www.example.com
Etag: 1234
X-Powered-By: php/5.3
Location: /users/1
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93. POST /users
Host: www.example.
com
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Host: www.example.com
Etag: 1234
X-Powered-By: php/5.3
Location: /users/1
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94. POST /users
Host: www.example.
com
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Host: www.example.com
Etag: 1234
X-Powered-By: php/5.3
Location: /new-users-db/1
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95. POST /users
Host: www.example.
com
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Host: www.example.com
Etag: 1234
X-Powered-By: php/5.3
Location: /new-users-db/1
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96. consumers of your API are able to follow
the changes of your design
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97. everything seems
cool
But why REST?
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98. Pros
Performances
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99. Pros
Scalability
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101. Pros
Durability
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102. amazon.it
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103. REST-IT
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/rest-it
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104. Alessandro Nadalin

105. Alessandro Nadalin
odino.org

106. Alessandro Nadalin
odino.org
@_odino_

107. Alessandro Nadalin
odino.org
@_odino_

108. Thanks
Alessandro Nadalin
odino.org
@_odino_

109. Credits
http://www.flickr.com/photos/larachris/16564077/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ashatenbroeke/4367373081/sizes/z/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/yourdon/3140270189/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jox1989/4964706072/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/brainfg/168506259/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/norte_it/3897091546/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.zdnet.com/blog/service-oriented/soap-versus-rest-a-matter-of-style/3568
http://www.flickr.com/photos/turtlemom_nancy/2046347762/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/juanpg/3333385784/sizes/z/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/congvo/301678287/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ihasb33r/2573196546/sizes/z/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/martin_heigan/4544138976/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/cknara/4195099999/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/1080p/3076529265/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/adamrice/280300202/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tomer_a/541411897/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/subpra/4514008262/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lippincott/2539720043/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/rawryder/5086090931/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/robboudon/5312731161/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/bc-burnslibrary/4158243488/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/13606325@N08/2416993706/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/neothezion/5135841069/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/planetschwa/2494067809/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomasthomas/258931782/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/rustyboxcars/2629631562/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ell-r-brown/4138727474/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/noah123/5082076630/sizes/z/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jungle_boy/220181177/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/prettydaisies/872539081/sizes/l/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/kaptainkobold/76256150/sizes/o/in/photostream/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/uomoincravatta/1438372865/sizes/z/in/photostream/
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