This document provides a summary of Gil A. Anibal's presentation on analyzing 3D seismic attributes and well data. The presentation compares seismic attributes on horizons and phantom horizons at depths of 1108ms-1733ms and 1460ms-1733ms. Attributes like RMS, shale indicator, thin bed indicator, and spectral decomposition help enhance geological features and identify lithofacies changes, indicating sand-filled stream channels. The analysis aids interpretation of turbidite deposition and identifies potential zones of clean sands.

1. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes and Well Data
Comparison Assignment#3
Shale Indictor, Thin Bed Indicator, Zones Of
Unconformity, SD, RMS, And Relative
Acoustic Impedance (RAI)
Presenter(s): Gil A. Anibal M.Sc.
Petroleum Geoscientist M.Sc.
Petroleum Engineer (curriculum) M.Sc.
Exploration Geologist B.Sc.
Physicist M.Ed.P.
Project and HR Management curriculum
E-mail: gilderantonio@gmail.com
Call phone: (+66) 99 35 49 112
Bangkok, THAILAND

2. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
Agenda
3D Seismic Attributes And Well Data Analysis
Shale Indictor & RMS
Thin Bed Indicator
Zones Of Unconformity
Relative Acoustic Impedance (RAI) & SD (Spectral
Decomposition)
Discussion
Conclusion

3. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
Horizon And Phantom Horizons
Interpretation: H200 @ 1108ms+1733ms
Fig.2. Shows a
Phantom horizon 200
@ 1108ms +1733ms.
The geological
features in this horizon
is hidden and is not
easy to interpreted
(blue arrow). So,
additional work is
needed (3D seismic
attribute).
Fig. 1. Shows horizon 200 @ 1108ms. The geological
features in this horizon is hidden and is not easy to
interpreted (blue arrow). So, additional work is needed (3D
seismic attribute)..
Fig. 3. Shows vertical seismic section and horizons and
phantom horizons interpreted. Even in this section the
geological feature are hidden and they are not easy to
be interpreted. So, additional work is needed (3D
seismic attribute).
===============
Key:
H 200,300 are horizons mapped
PH200,300 are phantom horizons.
H200
PH200
PH300
H300
High
Low
0 50km
0 50km

4. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
Horizon And Phantom Horizons
Interpretation: H300 @ 1460ms-1733ms
Fig.2.1 Shows a
Phantom horizon 200
@ 1460ms -1733ms.
The geological
features in this horizon
is hidden and is not
easy to interpreted
(blue arrow). So,
additional work is
needed (3D seismic
attribute).
Fig. 1.1 Shows horizon 300 @ 1460ms. The
geological features in this horizon is hidden and is
not easy to interpreted (blue arrow). So, additional
work is needed (3D seismic attribute).
Fig. 3. Shows vertical seismic section and horizons and
phantom horizons interpreted. Even in this section the
geological feature are hidden and they are not easy to
be interpreted. So, additional work is needed (3D
seismic attribute).
===============
Key:
H 200,300 are horizons mapped
PH200,300 are phantom horizons.
H200
PH200
PH300
H300
High
Low
0 50km
0 50km

5. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
20153D Seismic Attributes: RMS Horizon and
phantom horizon Interpretation: H200 @
1108ms+1733ms
Fig. 5. Shows a Phantom horizon 200 @ 1108ms +1733ms. The RMS attribute was used to enhance
lithofacies spatial distribution.
The highest values are anomalies associated with structures and geological features, which were
interpreted as bars and levees or creavasse splays deposited in channels systems. The low amplitude
values are related to shale abundance.
Fig. 4. Shows a Phantom
horizon 200 @
1108ms+1733ms. The
geological features in this
horizon NOW are enhanced by
using RMS Attribute and is
easier to recognise facies
changes and spatial
distribution.
Lithofacies enhanced
NOW: sands
deposits
High
Low
0 50km
High
Low
0 50kmLithofacies enhanced
NOW: shale deposits
Lithofacies enhanced NOW:
stream channels (shown as
edges)

6. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
20153D Seismic Attributes: RMS Horizon and
phantom horizon Interpretation: H300 @
1460ms-1733ms
Fig. 7. Shows a Phantom horizon 300 @ 1108ms -1733ms. The RMS attribute was used to enhance
lithofacies spatial distribution.
The highest values are anomalies associated with structures and geological features, which were
interpreted as bars and levees or creavasse splays deposited in channels systems. The low amplitude
values are related to shale abundance.
Fig. 6. Shows a Phantom
horizon 300 @ 1108ms-
1733ms. The geological
features in this horizon NOW
are enhanced by using RMS
Attribute and is easier to
recognise facies changes and
spatial distribution.
Lithofacies enhanced
NOW: sands
deposits such a bars
and banks
High
Low
0 50km
High
Low
0 50kmLithofacies enhanced
NOW: shale deposits
Lithofacies enhanced NOW:
stream channels (shown as
edges)

7. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
20153D Seismic Attributes: RMS Horizon and
phantom horizon Interpretation: H300 @
1460ms-1733ms
Fig. 7. Shows a Phantom horizon 300 @ 1108ms -1733ms. The RMS attribute was used to enhance
lithofacies spatial distribution.
The highest values are anomalies associated with structures and geological features, which were
interpreted as bars and levees or creavasse splays deposited in channels systems. The low amplitude
values are related to shale abundance.
Fig. 6. Shows a Phantom
horizon 300 @ 1108ms-
1733ms. The geological
features in this horizon NOW
are enhanced by using RMS
Attribute and is easier to
recognise facies changes and
spatial distribution.
Lithofacies enhanced
NOW: sands
deposits such a bars
and banks
High
Low
0 50km
High
Low
0 50kmLithofacies enhanced
NOW: shale deposits
Lithofacies enhanced NOW:
stream channels (shown as
edges)

8. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
20153D Seismic Attributes: Geometric: Shale
Indicator for Horizon and phantom horizon
H200 @ 1108ms+1733ms Interpretation
Fig. 8. Shows horizon interpreted @1108ms with shale indicator attributes. This attribute enhance
zones dominated by shale (high amplitude values) and not shale in low amplitudes. Into channel system
is seen less shale dominated and we interpret it as channel sands located at gentle slope where
channels have sinuous morphologies and the sand: shale ratios are highest (much sands in the
system). This is characteristic of turbidity channel infill.
This horizons now shows to be dominated by sand facies that were unseen in raw seismic data
amplitude maps. So, shale indicator attribute was useful n this horizons by enhancing geological
features and structures (thalwags and edges) of the channels.
High
Low
0 50km
High
Low
0 50km
Sand baks or bars
deposited as
creavasse splays
and levees margin
more shale and
mud.
Channels
systems:
sands
facies
dominated
Channels:
sands
dominated
Creavasse
splays and
levees margin
more shale and
mud.
Edges of the
channels with
sand facies
deposits

9. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
20153D Seismic Attributes: Geometric: Thin Bed
Indicator for Horizon and phantom horizon
H200 @ 1108ms+1733ms Interpretation
Fig. 9. Shows Horizon and phantom
horizon H200 @ 1460ms-1733ms
with thin bed attributes. This attribute
enhance zones dominated by shale
(high amplitude values) and not
shale in low amplitudes.
Thick
beddin
g zone
Thin bedding
zone suggesting
bars and banks
of sands in
stream channels
systems.
0 50km
High
Low
Straight
channels and
sand deposits
zone
Fig. 10. Shows Horizon and phantom horizon H200 @ 1460ms-1733ms with thin bed indicator attribute. This attribute enhance zones
according to their thickness. The high values means zones with very thin layers. Theses layers in this exercises as been interpreted as
channels sediments transported and deposited as levees and creavasse splays.
In thalwags of the channels the thin bed attributes are variable because geomorphology of the channels and their deposited sediments.
Therefore, the thin layers in this environment are potential clean and not clean sands deposited by the channels systems. However, this
attribute may not work into basement, because it enhances much and much more not shale and if we assume not shale as sands,
then we shall get bad results into basement.
The lowest amplitude suggest the thin
bedding zone which are related to bars
and banks of sands in stream channels
systems.
Straight
channels and
sand deposits
zone

10. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes: Instantaneous: SD
(Spectral decomposition) for Horizon and
phantom horizon H200 @ 1108ms+1733ms
Interpretation
Shale
zone
dominat
ed
Low-lowest
amplitude are
related to lithofacies
changes suggesting
the sand bar or
bank, deposited as
levees or creavasse
splays.
Fig. 11. Shows a phantom horizon 200 @1108ms +1733ms
with the SD attribute. This attribute enhance zones
according to their relative AI due to differences between
density and velocity of propagation of the waveforms into
the formation. The high values means zones with very
high velocities and densities. Layers
in this zones were interpreted as shale dominated deposits
while the lowest amplitude values, are related to the
sand layers deposits.
This phantom map intercepted an area with diversity
stream channels varying in many direction. This is the
reason why we have broader zone with intense of spatial
sand facies distribution.
0 50km
High
Low
Low
High
0 50km
Stream channels
systems

11. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes: Instantaneous: RAI
(relative Acoustic Impedance) for Horizon and
phantom horizon H200 @ 1108ms+1733ms
Interpretation
Shale zone
dominated
Sands
dominated
zone
Fig. 12. Shows phantom horizon 200 @ 1460ms with the
RAI attribute. This attribute enhance zones according to
their relative AI due to differences between density and
velocity of propagation of the waveforms into the formation.
The high values means zones with very
high velocities and densities. Layers in this
zones were interpreted as shale dominated deposits while
the lowest amplitude values, are related to sand bars or
banks deposits.
The RAI and SD has shown similar values of amplitude
response and in this case, the geological and
structural features enhanced, were interpreted as the
same meaning.
0 100m
High
Low
Low
High
0 100m
Relatively sand shale ration ranging 50%. This zone
suggest to be a flooding plan-in dominated zone

12. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes: Geometric: Zones of
Unconformity for Horizon and phantom
horizon H200 @ 1108ms+1733ms
Interpretation
Conforma
ble zones
Unconformab
le zones
0 50km
High
Low
Fig.13. Shows the Horizon and phantom horizon H200 @ 1460ms-
1733ms zone of unconformity attribute which is a geometrical
attributes. This attribute enhance zones according to their structural
and lithofacies, vertically and laterally changes respectively.
The high values means zones that are associated with high structures
(anticline) or lower structures (syncline) which in this
environment they are related to the channels systems. In this
exercise, the unconformity attribute is enhancing the edges (the
upper part of the bow) and thalwags (thalwegs lowest part of the
bow) of the channels.
Theses layers in this exercises have been interpreted as channels
sediments transported and deposited as levees and creases spays.
Stream
Channel
showing a
chaotic
infills.

13. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes: Geometric &
Instantaneous: Zones Of Unconformity,
SD, Shale Indicator, RAI For Horizon And
Phantom Horizon H300 @ 1460ms-1733ms
Interpretation

14. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
20153D Seismic Attributes: Geometric: Shale
Indicator for Horizon and phantom horizon
H300 @ 1460ms-1733ms Interpretation
Fig. 14. Shows horizon interpreted @1460s with shale indicator attributes. This attribute enhance zones
dominated by shale (high amplitude values) and not shale in low amplitudes. Into channel system is
seen less shale dominated and we interpret it as channel sands located at gentle slope where channels
have sinuous morphologies and the sand: shale ratios are highest (much sands in the system). This
is characteristic of turbidity channel infill.
This horizons now shows to be dominated by sand facies that were unseen in raw seismic data
amplitude maps. So, shale indicator attribute was useful n this horizons by enhancing geological
features and structures (thalwags and edges) of the channels.
High
Low
0 50km
High
Low
0 50km
Sand baks or bars
deposited as
creavasse splays
and levees margin
more shale and
mud.
Channels
systems:
sands
facies
dominated
Channels:
sands
dominated
Creavasse
splays and
levees margin
more shale and
mud.
Edges of the
channels with
sand facies
deposits

15. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
20153D Seismic Attributes: Geometric: Thin Bed
Indicator for Horizon and phantom horizon
H300 @ 1460ms-1733ms Interpretation
Fig. 15. Shows Horizon and
phantom horizon H200 @
1460ms-1733ms with thin bed
attributes. This attribute enhance
zones dominated by shale (high
amplitude values) and not shale in
low amplitudes.
Thick
beddin
g zone
Thin bedding
zone suggesting
bars and banks
of sands in
stream channels
systems.
0 50km
High
Low
Straight
channels and
sand deposits
zone
Fig. 5. Shows Horizon and phantom horizon H200 @ 1460ms-1733ms with thin bed indicator attribute.
This attribute enhance zones according to their thickness. The high values means zones with very thin
layers. Theses layers in this exercises as been interpreted as channels sediments transported and
deposited as levees and creavasse splays. In thalwags of the channels the thin bed attributes are variable
because geomorphology of the channels and their deposited sediments. Therefore, the thin layers in this
environment are potential clean and not clean sands deposited by the channels systems.
The lowest amplitude suggest the thin
bedding zone which are related to bars
and banks of sands in stream channels
systems.
Straight
channels and
sand deposits
zone

16. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes: Geometric: SD
(Spectral decomposition) for Horizon and
phantom horizon H300 @ 1460ms-1733ms
Interpretation
Shale
zone
dominat
ed
Low-lowest
amplitude are
related to lithofacies
changes suggesting
the sand bar or
bank, deposited as
levees or creavasse
splays.
Fig. 16. Shows a phantom horizon 300 @1108ms +1733ms
with the SD attribute @ 37Hz trace SD. This attribute
enhance zones according to their relative AI due to
differences between density and velocity of propagation of
the waveforms into the formation. The high values means
zones with very high velocities and
densities. Layers in this zones were interpreted as
shale dominated deposits while the lowest amplitude
values, are related to the sand layers deposits.
This phantom map intercepted an area with diversity
stream channels varying in many direction. This is the
reason why we have broader zone with intense of spatial
sand facies distribution.
0 50km
High
Low
Low
High
0 50km
Stream channels
systems

17. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes: Geometric: RAI
(relative Acoustic Impedance) for Horizon and
phantom horizon H300 @ 1460ms-1733ms
Interpretation
Shale zone
dominated
Sandy shale
dominated zone
Fig. 17. Shows phantom horizon 200 @ 1460ms with the
RAI attribute. This attribute enhance zones according to
their relative AI due to differences between density and
velocity of propagation of the waveforms into the formation.
The high values means zones with very
high velocities and densities. Layers in this
zones were interpreted as shale dominated deposits while
the lowest amplitude values, are related to sand bars or
banks deposits.
The RAI and SD has shown similar values of amplitude
response and in this case, the geological and
structural features enhanced, were interpreted as the
same meaning.
0 50km
High
Low
Low
High
0 50km
Relatively sand shale ration ranging 50%. This zone suggest to
be a flooding plan-in dominated zone. This phantom horizon
shows evidence of gentle slope depositional environment
because of very sinuous stream channels and sand facies
distribution.
Sinuous
stream
channel
Straight and
slightly
meandering
stream channel

18. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes: Geometric: Zones of
Unconformity for Horizon and phantom
horizon H300 @ 1460ms-1733ms
Interpretation
Unconformabl
e zone
enhanced as
blue and
interpreted as
shale zone
dominated.
Conformable
zone
0 50km
High
Low
Fig.18. Shows the Horizon and phantom horizon H300 @ 1460ms-
1733ms zone of unconformity attribute which is a geometrical
attributes. This attribute enhance zones according to their structural
and lithofacies, vertically and laterally changes respectively.
The high values means zones that are associated with high structures
(anticline) or lower structures (syncline) which in this
environment they are related to the channels systems. In this
exercise, the unconformity attribute is enhancing the edges (the
upper part of the bow) and thalwags (thalwegs lowest part of the
bow) of the channels.
Theses layers in this exercises have been interpreted as channels
sediments transported and deposited as levees and creases spays.
Stream Channel
showing a chaotic
infills. This horizons
shows hugest
unconformable zones
which is mean that,
different lithofacies are
expected in this zone.
Sand facies distribution
are almost throughout.
These areas might be
potential in reservoir
compartmentalization.
0 50km

19. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes And Hector#1 Well
Data Analysis
Reservoirsection
Siltstone
Sandsto
ne
BASEME
NT
siltstone
Siltstone
Siltstone
D
Sandsto
ne
Sandsto
ne
Sands &
siltstone
Se
al
Limeston
e
Fig.19. Shows the synthetic tied in 3D seismic data and GR, DT and DTS. These Wireline
logs match into synthetic and 3D seismic traces response. Final, the results were matched
with the geological information and correlated with the respect reservoir section into Hector
well#1. The results were assessed at very high precision.
2.507sec
2.736sec
2.507sec
2.736sec
Composite logSeismic trace, GR, DT, DTSSynthetic

20. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes And Kiwa#1 Well
Data Analysis
Depth
(m)
Lithology
1200
1600
Fluvial
Sandsto
ne
interlaye
red by
siltstone
, shale
craped
into
sands
bodies
Fig.20. Shows the synthetic tied in 3D seismic data and GR, DT and DTS.
These Wireline logs match into synthetic and 3D seismic traces response.
Final, the results were matched with the geological information and
correlated with the respect reservoir section into Kiwa well#1. The results
were assessed at very high precision.
Reservoirsection
1.1164 sec
1.532sec
Synthetic
Composite log (Adapted)
H 200
H 300
PH200H200
PH300
Seismic trace, GR, DT, DTSSynthetic

21. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes And Kiwa#1 Well
Data Analysis
Fig.21. Shows horizon 200 @
1108ms with shale indicator
attribute. The high values
represents sands dominated
facies spatial distribution, the
lowest amplitude is shale
dominated. This horizon is a top
of the Kiwa#1 well reservoir @ a
depth of 1200m.
Fig.22. Shows horizon 200 @
1108ms with shale indicator
attribute. The high values
represents sands dominated
facies spatial distribution, the
lowest amplitude is shale
dominated. This horizon is the
bottom of the Kiwa#1 well
reservoir at a depth 1550m.
High
High
Low
Low
The high amplitudes
are related to the sands
facies, deposited by
stream channels
systems.

22. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
20153D Seismic Attributes: Geometric And Instantaneous
Application For Reservoir Characterization and well
Information Evaluation (Formation Evaluation)
Methodology used to tie and correlate the 3D seismic attribute into geological
features for this project were:
 Firstly were generated volume attributes such as:
 SD, RAI, Shale indicator, Zone of Unconformity, RMS, etc.
 Secondly were interpreted horizons H200 and its Phantom H 200
@1108ms+1733ms and H 300 @ 1460ms and its phantom H 300
@1460ms-1733ms and gridded and interpolated for final horizons
results.
 Finally, all mapped horizons ant their phantoms were attributed
according to those attributes which were generated to the final results
such those interpreted and shown previously.
Hence, before all mapped horizons being attributed, was impossible to
evaluate geological features such as sand facies distributions and structural
signatures as channel and faults.
Thus, attribute are useful tools to map unseen features on the raw seismic
data either in 2D or 3D PSTM/PSDM respectively.

23. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
Discussion And Interpretation And
Comparison
The synthetics , 3D seismic attributes and Wireline logs were
correlated with the geological information in Hector well#1 and
Kiwa#1 and the results have shown following:
The hector well was drilled in shale zone dominated. This was
shown into 3D seismic attributes that was generated while
Kiwa#1, was drilled in small structure.
The described lithologies into well report match with both
categories of the 3D seismic attribute responses (geometric and
instantaneous attributes).

24. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
Conclusion
The attribute that were generated has shown different highlights and they were divided into two groups: 1.
geometric attributes: Shale indicator and zones of unconformity; 2. Instantaneous attributes: 1. Thin bed
Indicator and RAI. Thus, the results according to enhances are following:
Attribute
group
Name Feature enhanced Descriptions
Geometric Shale indicator EODs (Deposition Of Environment) and
lithology
This attribute enhance zones dominated by shale (high amplitude
values) and not shale in low amplitudes. Into channel system is
seen less shale dominated and were interpreted it as channel
sands located at gentle slope where channels have sinuous
morphologies and the sand: shale ratios are highest (much
sands in the system) and were tied as turbiditic channels in
filled. The EOD in this exercise was interpreted as gentle
slope to deltaic system.
Zones of
unconformity
EODs (Deposition Of Environment) and
unconformity.
The highest amplitude values are possible sand layers which
they are potential clean and not clean sands deposits . These
might be good reservoir sections distributions. The EOD in this
exercise was interpreted as gentle slope to deltaic system.
Instantaneous Thin bed
Indicator
Bedding and lithology The highest values means zones with thin layers. Theses layers
were interpreted as channels sediments transported and
deposited as levees and cleaves spays.
Into thalwags of the channels the thin bed attributes are variable
owing to the geomorphology of the channels and their deposited
sediments.
RAI (Relative
Acoustic
Impedance)
Unconformity, continuity ,discontinuity and
Lithology
This attribute was used to correlate the Wireline logs, synthetic
and geological information from the Hector well#1. The result
were evaluated and was found that, the Hector well#1 was drilled
in shale dominated location.
All geometric and instantaneous attributes MIGHT BE APPLIED above the basement. Into basement, they DO NOT WORK because of the nature of its
lithofacies (igneous rocks).

25. Chu.Un.Fac.
Sc.Geo.Dpt.
M.Sc. Petroleum
Geoscience
Program
2015
3D Seismic Attributes and Well Data
Comparison Assignment#3
Shale Indictor, Thin Bed Indicator, Zones Of
Unconformity, SD, RMS, And Relative
Acoustic Impedance (RAI)
Presenter(s): Gil A. Anibal M.Sc.
Petroleum Geoscientist M.Sc.
Petroleum Engineer (curriculum) M.Sc.
Exploration Geologist B.Sc.
Physicist M.Ed.P.
Project and HR Management curriculum
E-mail: gilderantonio@gmail.com
Call phone: (+66) 99 35 49 112
Bangkok, THAILAND