Research Title, SOP, Scope, Qualitatives

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SAN AGUSTIN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School Department
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
LENN DON A. BERNASOL, LPT
Faculty Member, Senior HS Department
San Agustin NHS
Week 3: Identifying the
Inquiry and Stating the
Problem

Day 1
Week 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the
Problem

Outline
• Reminders
• Review of Lesson
• Today’s Topic

Review of the Lesson
What is research?

What is research?
• It is a systematic inquiry that involves data collection and
analysis from reliable sources to establish new facts and
reach new conclusions.

Why is Research important?

Why is Research important?
• Advance knowledge and progress in society.

What is Qualitative Research?

What is Qualitative Research?
• It seeks to understand the lived experiences in humans
and seeks to understanding meaning

What are some characteristics of Qualitative Research?

What are some characteristics of Qualitative Research?
• It is completely subjective.
• It utilizes an inductive (versus deductive) approach.
• It does not utilize a hypothesis.
• It generates a theory from the data to explain the social
phenomenon that the researchers were interested in.
• The researcher is involved with the participants for data collection.
• The data is analyzed with a thematic nature. That is, themes from
the collected narratives are analyzed to see trends or themes in
what the participants shared.
• The results are not generalizable to the population.

What are some of the kinds of Qualitative Research?

What are some of the kinds of Qualitative Research?
• Phenomenology – a study of how people give meaning to their
experiences
• Ethnography – like phenomenology but focused on a particular cultural
group
• Grounded Theory – like phenomenology, but the goal is discovering theory
in a substantive area
• Case Study – like phenomenology, but focused on specific individuals,
organizations, etc.
• Content and Discourse Analysis – the examination or analysis of the
substance or content of the communication that takes place through a
medium or platform
• Historical Analysis – the study of primary documents to explain the
connection of past events to the present time

Think/Pair/Share
Any pair in the class may be called to share later.

Designing a research is similar to making a house, car, bag,
dress, cake, etc. which needs appropriate materials and
necessary process or steps to follow. Then, you have to
consider whether what you intend to make or invent has
significance to you as a person. Otherwise, your efforts will
not be put to use.

Qualitative Research: Considerations
• You have to consider whether the topic you have chosen
is relevant to you as a learner, as a constituent in your
barangay, and as a citizen of this country.

Qualitative Research: Considerations
• You have to consider whether the topic you have chosen
is relevant to you as a learner, as a constituent in your
barangay, and as a citizen of this country.
• The first question you should answer is, “What is the
issue, phenomenon or problem in my school, at home,
and in the community that needs my special attention by
conducting a research?”

Qualitative Research: Design
• Qualitative research is an emergent design which means
that it emerges as you make ongoing decisions about
what you have learned.

• Qualitative research is an emergent design which means
that it emerges as you make ongoing decisions about
what you have learned.
• As a design, qualitative research requires researcher’s
decision-making like how to gather data, from where and
whom to collect, when to gather, and for how long is the
process will be.

• Qualitative research is an emergent design which means that it
emerges as you make ongoing decisions about what you have
learned.
• As a design, qualitative research requires researcher’s
decision-making like how to gather data, from where and whom
to collect, when to gather, and for how long is the process will
be.
• To have a holistic picture of qualitative research project, you
have to remember that in deciding on a topic, you have to
consider the kind and the field it belongs, as well as its
relevance to your daily life.

Relevant or Not?
½ CW. Only answer whether or not this is relevant to you as a Senior
HS learner. Defend your answer. Note: Do not copy the statements.

Qualitative Research: Design (Example)
• Topic: Utilization of gadgets among learners
• Domain: School
• Issue/Problem/Concern: Patterns, impact, and implication of
gadget utilization among learners
• Kind of Qualitative Research: Phenomenological Study
• Methodology
– Research Environment: San Agustin National High School (the
school where the researchers are enrolled)
– Research Participants: STEM-12 Learners (criteria: currently
enrolled, mature enough, non-bias[not classmates])
– Research Instrument: In-depth interviews and focus group
discussions (the focus group discussion is included to triangulate
results
Can be in-depth interviews, focus
group discussions, or observations
Can be school, family, or community

Activity
Instruction: Per column, discuss the topic and populate the
missing fields.
• Topic: Study habits of honor students
• Domain:
• Issue/Problem/Concern:
• Kind of Qualitative Research:
• Methodology
– Research Environment:
– Research Participants:
– Research Instrument:

Activity
Instruction: Per group, discuss the topic and populate the
missing fields.
• Domain:
• Methodology

Activity
Instruction: Individually, look up at least 5 manuscripts at
the Research Center and populate the following:
• Topic:
• Domain:
• Methodology

Day 2
Problem

Outline
• Review of Lesson
• Today’s Topic

Activity
Instruction: Per column, discuss the topic and populate the
missing fields.
• Domain:
• Methodology
As a group (column), discuss your
outputs for this and choose an output
to present. (5 minutes only)
Leader: facilitate
Secretary: take notes
Reporter: present output
(2 minutes to present only)

Activity
Sample---
• Domain: School
• Issue/Problem/Concern: Understanding the learning
strategies and habits that contribute to academic success.
• Kind of Qualitative Research: Phenomenological study
• Methodology
– Research Environment: San Agustin NHS
– Research Participants: 16 SSSS Learners (enrolled, top 2 male
and top 2 female per grade level)
– Research Instrument: Interview, Focus Group Discussions,
Observation

What is next?
After having initially planned out the research design, what’s
next?

What is next?
next?
Writing Research Title

What is next?
next?
Writing Research Title
But how?

Activity
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation
What research title could you possible give?

How to Make a Research Paper Title in 5 Steps
Step 1: Answer some key questions about your research paper
Research question One-sentence answer
“What is my paper about?”
“My paper explores the learning strategies and
habits that contribute to academic success.”
“What methods/techniques did I use to
perform my study?
“It’s a phenomenological study.”
“What or who was the subject of my study?”
“I studied 16 top 2 males and females from each
SSSS grade level in San Agustin NHS-
Sagbayan.”

Step 2: Identify research study keywords
One-sentence answer Title keywords/phrases
“My paper studies the learning strategies and habits that
contribute to academic success.”
- Learning strategies
- Learning habits
- Academic success
“It’s a phenomenological study.” -Phenomenological study
“I studied 16 top 2 males and females from each SSSS grade
level.”
- SANHS SSSS/ top 2 male
and female per level
- 16 learners

Step 3: Research title writing: use these keywords
“I employed a phenomenological study of 16
SSSS learners from the top 2 males and
females from each grade level to explore their
learning strategies and learning habits that
contribute to academic success”

SSSS learners from the top 2 males and
The sentence above is clearly much too long for a research
paper title. This is why you will trim and polish your title in the
next two steps.

Step 4: Create a working research paper title
SSSS learners’ from the top 2 males and
Remove elements that make it a complete “sentence” but keep everything that is important
to what the study is about. Delete all unnecessary and redundant words that are not central
to the study or that researchers would most likely not use in a database search.

“a phenomenological study of 16 SSSS learners’
to explore learning strategies and habits that
(Word Count: 18)
Suggested word count for a title: 12

Step 5: Remove any nonessential words and phrases from your title
“a phenomenological study of 16 SSSS learners’
to explore learning strategies and habits that
contribute to academic success” (Word Count:
12)
Because the number of patients studied is not the most essential part of this
paper, remove this element first.

“a phenomenological study to explore learning
strategies and habits academic success” (Word
Count: 7)
The methods used in a study are not usually the most searched-for keywords
in databases and represent additional details that you may want to remove to
make your title leaner.

“explore learning strategies and habits
academic success”
To
“exploring the learning strategies and habits
of academic achievers”
The subject and objective must be clear.

Step 5: Add a subtitle to make it catchy
“Exploring the Learning strategies and habits
of academic achievers”
To
“Academic success: exploring the learning
strategies and habits of achievers”

Other Suggestions
• Academic Success: Exploring the Learning Strategies and
Habits of Achievers (current)
• Unveiling the Secrets of Success: Exploring the Learning
Strategies and Habits among High-Achieving Students
• Beyond the Grades: Exploring the Learning Strategies and
Habits of Top Performing Students
• Cracking the Code: Exploring the Learning Strategies and
Habits of Academic Stars
• Pathways to Excellence: Exploring the Learning Strategies and
Habits of Top Students

Activity
• Domain: School
• Issue/Problem/Concern: Investigating how honor students
perceive and engage in collaborative learning environments.
• Methodology
– Research Participants: 5 STEM Learners (enrolled, With High
Honors Recipient for the First Sem)
Observation

Day 3
Problem

Review of Lesson
• Step 1: Answer some key questions about your research paper
• Step 2: Identify research study keywords
• Step 3: Research title writing: use these keywords
• Step 4: Create a working research paper title
– Remove the unnecessary and redundant words
• Step 5: Remove any nonessential words and phrases from your
title
– Remove the adjectives of participants
– Remove the methodology
– Paraphrase to highlight the subject and objective.
– Add a subtitle

Review of Lesson
• Domain: School
• Issue/Problem/Concern: Investigating how honor students
perceive and engage in collaborative learning environments.
• Methodology
– Research Participants: 5 STEM Learners (enrolled, With High
Honors Recipient for the First Sem)
Observation

Review of Lesson
Step 1: Answer some key questions about your research paper
Research question One-sentence answer
“What is my paper about?”
“My paper investigates how honor students
perceive and engage in collaborative learning
environments.”
“What methods/techniques did I use to
perform my study?
“It’s a phenomenological study.”
“What or who was the subject of my study?”
“I studied 5 STEM learners who are recipients of
With High Honors last year in San Agustin NHS-
Sagbayan.”

Review of Lesson
Step 2: Identify research study keywords
One-sentence answer Title keywords/phrases
“My paper investigates how honor students perceive and engage
in collaborative learning environments.”
- Honor students
- Perceive
- Engage
- Collaborative learning
environments
“It’s a phenomenological study.” - Phenomenological study
“I studied 5 STEM learners who are recipients of With High
Honors last year in San Agustin NHS- Sagbayan.”
- SANHS STEM / 5 With High
Honor Learners last year

Review of Lesson
STEM honor students who are With High Honor
recipients last year to investigate how they
environments.”

Review of Lesson
STEM honor learners who are With High Honor
recipients last year to investigate how they
environments.”
Remove elements that make it a complete “sentence” but keep everything that is important
to what the study is about. Delete all unnecessary and redundant words that are not central
to the study or that researchers would most likely not use in a database search.

Review of Lesson
“a phenomenological study of 5 STEM honor
learners to investigate perceive and engage in
collaborative learning environments.”
Because the number of learners studied is not the most essential part of this
paper, remove this element first.

Review of Lesson
“a phenomenological study honor learners to
investigate perceive and engage in
collaborative learning environments.”
Remove the methodology

Review of Lesson
“honor learners to investigate perceive and
engage in collaborative learning environments.”
to
“Investigating honor learners’ perception and
engagement in collaborative learning
environments”
Paraphrase to highlight the subject and objective.

Review of Lesson
environments”
to
“Collaborative Learning Environments: Honor
Learners’ Perception and Engagement “
Add a subtitle

Review of Lesson
environments”
to
“Collaborative Learning Environments: Honor
Learners’ Perception and Engagement “
Add a subtitle
Comments from the Research Title Activity:
• The focus was lost (focus was perception and engagement)
• Eliminating important keywords (perception/perspective was gone)

Let’s Apply (1/4 Sheet)
• Domain: School
• Issue/Problem/Concern: Exploring the time management
practices of honor learners.
• Methodology
Observation

Let’s Apply (1/4 Sheet)
• Domain: School
• Issue/Problem/Concern: Exploring the time management
practices of honor learners.
• Methodology
Observation
Scholarly Time Management: Practices
of High-Performing Learners

Today’s Topic
Congratulations, you are already skilled enough to make
research title….

Today’s Topic
research title….
So what’s next?

Today’s Topic
research title….
So what’s next?
Attain your research objective.

Today’s Topic
research title….
So what’s next?
Attain your research objective.
But HOW?

House Project and Research Project Analogy
Research Project
Research Design
Blueprint House Project
Data
Collection
Data
Collection
Project
Specifics
?

House Project and Research Project Analogy
Research Project
Research Design
Blueprint House Project
Data
Collection
Data
Collection
Project
Specifics
Research
Question

Research Question
• question that you ask in your research that you want to
have and answer.
• helps writers focus their research by providing a path
through the research and writing process.

Research Question
From this example… Transform into a question.
What are the time management practices of honor learners?

Research Question
From this example… Transform into a question.
What are the time management practices of honor learners?
But what if the concern is not
given and you are to identify it
yourself?

Writing Research Question
1. Start with a broad topic.
2. Do preliminary research to learn about topical issues.
3. Narrow down your topic and determine potential research questions.
4. Evaluate the soundness of your research question.
5. Construct your research question properly.

1. Start with a broad topic.
Artificial intelligence

2. Do preliminary research to learn about topical issues.
Artificial intelligence is already widely used. As a student, I am
curious about how it is utilized in educational institutions.

3. Narrow down your topic and determine potential research
questions.
How is artificial intelligence used in educational institutions?
How do students perceive the use of artificial intelligence?
How do teachers perceive the use of artificial intelligence?

4. Evaluate the soundness of your research question.
How do students perceive the use of artificial intelligence?

Among learners enrolled in Practical Research, what are their
perceptions of using artificial intelligence?

Among learners enrolled in Practical Research, what are their
perceptions of using artificial intelligence?
From there, construct your Statement of the Problem:
This study aims to unveil the perspectives of Practical
Research learners regarding the use of artificial intelligence in
San Agustin National High School, Sagbayan, Bohol, for the
school year 2023-2024.

Statement of the Problem
From here, you can break down the research question into
specific research questions… But how?

From here, you can break down the research question into
specific research questions… But how?
Cover the salient aspects of the research question.

- Their understanding of the AI
- AI tools or platforms they’ve used
- Their feeling about using AI

This study aims to unveil the perspectives of Practical Research
learners regarding the use of artificial intelligence in San Agustin National
High School, Sagbayan, Bohol, for the school year 2023-2024.
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. How do learners describe artificial intelligence?
2. What artificial tools or platforms have been explored by the learners?
3. How do learners feel about using artificial intelligence?
4. What recommendation can be proposed based on the findings of this
study?
Always added. It could also be an
action plan.

Let’s Apply (1/2 Sheet, per column)
Write the full Statement of the Problem
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation

Assignment
Make it a habit to browse at least one qualitative research
paper per week. Write your reflection on your PR1 Notebook.

Day 4
Problem

Let’s Apply
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation

Let’s Apply
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation
General Topic

Let’s Apply
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation
3. Narrowed topic
1. General topic

Let’s Apply
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation
3. Narrowed topic
1. General topic
4. Research question:
What are the learning strategies and habits that
contribute to academic success.

Let’s Apply
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation
3. Narrowed topic
1. General topic
4. Research question:
What are the learning strategies and habits that
contribute to academic success.
5. Properly constructed question.
Among the SSSS learners, what are their learning
strategies and habits that contribute to academic success?

Let’s Apply
Among the SSSS learners, what are their learning strategies and
habits that contribute to academic success?
This study aims to explore the learning strategies and
habits that contribute to academic success among SSSS
learners of San Agustin National High School for school year
2023-2024.

Let’s Apply
This study aims to explore the learning strategies and habits
that contribute to academic success among SSSS learners of San
Agustin National High School for the school year 2023-2024.
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following
questions:
1. What are the learning strategies of the SSSS learners?
2. What are the learning habits of the SSSS learners?
3. What recommendations can be drawn out based on the
findings of the study?

Today’s Topic
Congratulations, you are already skilled enough to make a
the research question (Statement of the Problem)…

Today’s Topic
So what’s next?

Today’s Topic
So what’s next?
Write the Scope and Limitation
Significance of the Study

Today’s Topic
So what’s next?
Write the Scope and Limitation
But HOW?

Scope and Limitation
Scope
• Contains the explanation of what information or subject is
analyzed
• Explains the definite aspects of the study--- why subjects
were chosen (inclusion), research methodology
Limitation
• Limitations of the research--- sample size, time, and
geographic area

Writing the scope and limitations of the RD below.
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation

Scope and Limitation (Sample)
This study aims to explore the learning strategies and habits that contribute to
academic success among SSSS learners of San Agustin National High School for school
year 2023-2024. The scope includes an exploration of the unique learning approaches
employed by honor students, encompassing their study habits and strategies. The subjects of
the study are specifically chosen to include 16 SSSS learners, consisting of the top 2 male
and top 2 female students per grade level. The research methodology employed involves
qualitative methods, including interviews, focus group discussions, and observations, to
provide an in-depth understanding of the chosen subject matter.
Several limitations exist within the scope of this research. First, the study is
constrained by the sample size, as it focuses on 16 SSSS learners selected from San Agustin
National High School. The findings may not be fully representative of all honor students
across different schools or regions. Additionally, the time frame of the study is limited to the
school year 2023-2024, which may impact the longitudinal analysis of learning habits. Lastly,
the geographic area is confined to San Agustin NHS, and the results may not be universally
applicable to schools with different demographics or educational environments. These
limitations are important to consider when interpreting and applying the findings of the study.
Scope
Limitations

Writing a research paper has its purpose-- may it be for you
(as a researcher) or even for others. That is why you need to
identify the key reason/s and entities for taking a step
forward and making your query into formal writing.
• Tips:
– Refer to the statement of the problem
– Write from general to specific contribution s (e.g., School,
Teacher, Learners, and Researchers)

Writing significance of the study of the RD below.
• Domain: School
• Methodology
Observation

Significance of the Study (Sample)
The result of this study aims to provide valuable information to the following entities:
Educators. The findings of this study might provide them with insights into effective
learning strategies and habits exhibited by honor students. This may guide them in
developing tailored teaching methods and school programs to enhance academic success
among all students.
Parents. The findings of this study might allow the understanding of the habits and
strategies that contribute to academic success, providing guidance for supporting their
children's education. They may use the study's findings to create conducive learning
environments at home and offer targeted support based on identified successful habits.
Learners. The findings of this study might allow them to learn from the successful
strategies of their high-performing peers. The study might inspire and guide other students to
adopt effective study habits and strategies, fostering a positive learning culture.
Future Researchers. The findings of this study might contribute to the existing
body of knowledge on effective learning strategies among honor students. The study's
findings might inform further research and academic discussions, providing a foundation for
future studies in the field of education.

Significance of the Study (Sample)
The result of this study aims to provide valuable information to the following entities:
Educators. The findings of this study might provide them with insights into effective
learning strategies and habits exhibited by honor students. This may guide them in
developing tailored teaching methods and school programs to enhance academic success
among all students.
Parents. The findings of this study might allow the understanding of the habits and
strategies that contribute to academic success, providing guidance for supporting their
children's education. They may use the study's findings to create conducive learning
environments at home and offer targeted support based on identified successful habits.
Learners. The findings of this study might allow them to learn from the successful
strategies of their high-performing peers. The study might inspire and guide other students to
adopt effective study habits and strategies, fostering a positive learning culture.
Future Researchers. The findings of this study might contribute to the existing
body of knowledge on effective learning strategies among honor students. The study's
findings might inform further research and academic discussions, providing a foundation for
future studies in the field of education.
Congratulations, we are finally over with Module 3.

Assignment
• Individual Performance Task
• From a research topic of your choice, you are to write
the following:
– Title of the Research
– Statement of the Problem
– Scope and Limitation
– Significance of the Study

Research Title, SOP, Scope, Qualitatives

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