Research in mathematics education primarily focuses on improving teaching and learning approaches in mathematics. The objectives of mathematics education research include teaching basic numeracy skills, practical mathematics applications, abstract concepts, problem solving strategies, and deductive reasoning. Continuing research is important to develop useful tools and concepts, train abstract thinking, and improve teacher understanding of how students learn. Current areas of focus include conceptual understanding, formative assessment, homework, helping struggling students, and algebraic reasoning. New areas of research thrusts relate to teacher education, using resources, language and communication, contextualized learning, reasoning skills, and integrating technology into mathematics instruction.