The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
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Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats
Anchorage in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Clasps in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
Removable appliances in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Prepared by Hisham Pasha N K
ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT ,E-ARCH, EDGEWISE, METALIC BRACKETS, BEGG APPLIANCE(1920), STEPS IN BONDING , etc
A seminar conducted by Dr.Sayyida.N.K @ Government Dental College, Calicut
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Clasps in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
Removable appliances in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Prepared by Hisham Pasha N K
ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT ,E-ARCH, EDGEWISE, METALIC BRACKETS, BEGG APPLIANCE(1920), STEPS IN BONDING , etc
A seminar conducted by Dr.Sayyida.N.K @ Government Dental College, Calicut
Components of removable appliances 2 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
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Removable orthodontic appliances /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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continuing dental education , training dentists
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Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
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Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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Clasps are wire components that aid in retention of a removable appliance. These are the retentive components that aid in keeping the appliance in place and resist displacement of the appliance
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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Dear Doctor,
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Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Rem app two /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
1. INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
www.indiandentalacademy.com
2. Removable orthodontic appliances
are those that can be inserted and
removed from oral cavity by patient
at will or by an orthodontist for
adjustment.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
3. Of Historical Importance
Coffin plate (1881) , with spring which
was then made PIANO wire.
Norman Kingsley (1880) first described
his plate for “JUMPING THE BITE”
Pierre Robin (1902) constructed the first
Split plate
In England J.H Badcok (1911) described
expansion screw
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4. Development of Removable
Appliances
In United States, Victor Hugo Jackson was the
chief proponent of removable appliance.
Europe - Removable appliances
U. S.
- Fixed appliances
DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPE BDJ sept 22 2001 vol 191
Angle’s emphasis on precise positioning had less
impact.
Precious metal for fixed less available
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5. In European mid twentieth century removable
appliances differentiated into
Activators or functional appliances
Active plate
At present removable appliances are indicated for
three major uses:
Growth modification
Limited (tipping) tooth movements
Retention
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6. Advantages
Can be removed on socially sensitive occasions
Patient can maintain good oral hygiene; the
appliance can also be kept clean.
Majority of the malocclusions which requires
tipping can be readily treated.
Bite planes can be incorporated into it.
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7. Less chair side time
Simple malocclusions can be treated by
general practitioner
Relatively inexpensive
Damaged appliances that apply undesirable
forces can be removed
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8. Disadvantages
Patient co-operation .
Capable of only tipping movement
Lower removable appliances are not well
tolerated
Multiple rotations are difficult to treat.
In extraction cases it is difficult to close the
residual spaces.
Greater chance of appliance being misplaced or
damaged.
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9. Case selection
Occlusion
Do not attempt in severe Class II and Class III malocclusion
particularly skeletal discrepancies
The patient
Where Frankfort mandibular angle is very high or
low
Where extensive treatment of lower arch is needed
Where teeth has to be moved bodily
Where there is extensive rotation
In uncooperative patient
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10. Active Plate
The removable appliance used at present
were developed before World War II. At
that time there were two distinctly
different devices:
1. The active plate – uses force within the
appliance.
2. The activator – used muscular forces.
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11. Basic components of
Active plate
Active elements
- Labial bow
- Springs
- Screws
- Elastics
Retentive elements
The
base plate
-
Clasps
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12. Labial Bows
Parts of labial bow
1. Incisor segment
2. Vertical loops
3. Cross over section
4. Retentive arm
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13. Incisor segment
Usually in the junction of middle third and
incisal third
Right angle bend at the mesial third of
canine.
Contacts only the most prominent teeth
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14. Vertical loops
Consists of parallel vertical legs
joined by a smooth curve.
Its usually 9 – 12 mm, extending 2
– 3 mm above the gingival margin.
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16. Uses:
Move teeth lingually.
Correcting the minor discrepancy in the
overjet
Support for soldered springs, bar loops or
for hooks to attach elastic bands
Friction of labial wire against the anterior
teeth act as clasp to enhance the fit of the
plate.
Retention
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17. The various types of Labial bows
Short labial bow
Long labial bow
Split labial bow
Reverse labial bow
Roberts retractor
Mills retractor
High labial bow with apron springs
Fitted labial bow
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18. Short Labial Bow
Constructed using 0.7 mm stainless steel wire.
Retentive arm distal to canine.
It is very stiff and exhibits low flexibility
Indication
Minor overjet reduction
Anterior space closure.
Retention
Activation - compressing the “U” loops.
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19. Long Labial Bow
INDICATIONS
Minor anterior space closure
Minor overjet reduction
Closure of space distal to canine
Guidance of canine during retraction
Retention
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20. Split Labial Bow
Split in middle 2 separate buccal arms having U
loop
Increased flexibility
INDICATIONS
Anterior retraction
Modified form for closure of midline diastema
ACTIVATION compressing U loop 1-2 mm at a time
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22. Reverse Labial Bow
The U loops are placed distal to the canine
Free ends of the U loop are adapted occlusally
between first premolar and canine
INDICATIONS - www.indiandentalacademy.com labial bow
similar to short
23. ACTIVATION is in two steps –
First the U loop is opened which
results in lowering of the labial bow in the
incisior region
Second a compensatory bend is given
at the base of U loop to maintain proper
level of the bow
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24. High labial bow with apron
springs
Consists of a heavy wire labial bow (0.9 or 1
mm) that extends into the buccal vestibule
Apron springs made of 0.4 mm wire are
attached
USES
Retraction of one or more teeth
Cases of large overjet due to
increased flexibility
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25. ACTIVATION
Apron spring is activated by bending it
towards the teeth
DISADVANTAGES
Difficulty in construction
Risk of soft tissue injury
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26. Fitted Labial Bow
Adapted to confirm to the contours of labial
surfaces
Used only as a retainer
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27. Roberts Retractor
Flexible bow constructed
from 0.5 mm diameter wire
inserted into a stainless
steel tubing to give support
Consists of a coil of 3 mm
diameter mesial to canine
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28. Indication
In patients with severe overjet of over 4 mm
Activation
The bow is adjusted by bending the vertical
limb below the coil
As the incisor moves palatally, the bow will
drop anteriorly and the level of horizontal part
should be adjusted
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29. Mills Retractor
Called as ‘extended labial bow’.
Extensive looping increases the flexibility
Indicated in patients with large overjet
Disadvantages
- Difficulty in construction
- Poor patient acceptability
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33. Springs
CLASSIFICATION
Based on the direction of tooth movement:
1.Springs used for mesio – distal tooth movement
2.Springs used for labial movement
3.Springs used for lingual movement
4.Springs used for expansion of arches.
Based on nature of support required for its action:
1. Self supporting springs
2.Guided Springs
3.Auxillary Springs
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34. Factors to be considered in
designing of a spring
Within the elastic limit a spring may be deflected
by pressure P at a free end if the length is L
and thickness is T then deflection D is given by
D α PL3
T4
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35. Double the pressure
double the deflection
Doubling the the length
the deflection becomes
8 times more for the
same amount of
pressure
If the thickness is
reduced by half
deflection becomes
16 times greater for
the same amount of
www.indiandentalacademy.com
pressure
38. Single Cantilever Spring
Also called as “finger spring”.
INDICATIONS:
1. Is used for the mesio-distal movement of
the teeth.
2.
Can be used for labial
movement (cranked)
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39. PARTS
Consists of an active arm
12 – 15 mm length towards
the tissue.
The helix of not more than
3 mm internal diameter.
A retentive arm of 4 – 5
mm is kept away from the
tissues and ends in a small
retentive tag.
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40. CONSTRUCTION
Constructed from 0.5 mm wire
Coil should lie along the long axis of the
tooth to be moved and perpendicular to
the direction of movement.
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41. For maximum resilience, the coil should
lie on the opposite side of the spring
from the the tooth. So that it is bound up
as the appliance is inserted and unwinds
as the tooth moves.
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42. In order to protect it from damage, the
spring is boxed so that it lies in the recess
between the base plate and mucosa.
ACTIVATION
The finger spring is activated by
moving the active arm towards the
teeth to be moved.
Should be done as close to the coil as
possible.
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43. Double Cantilever Spring
Also known as “Z – Spring”
INDICATION
Labial movement of single
incisors or both
To bring about minor rotations
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44. CONSTRUCTION
1. From 0.5 mm hard round
stainless steel wire
2. Spring consists of 2 coils
very small in diameter
3. Spring should be
perpendicular to palatal
surface of the tooth
otherwise ,it tends to slide
down and intrude it.
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45. 4. Retentive arm of 10 – 12 mm length
that gets embedded into acrylic
5. Should be boxed prior to acrylization.
ACTIVATION
By opening both the helixes by about
2 – 3 mm at a time .In case
of minor rotation one of the helix is
opened.
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46. T Spring
Indication
When a premolar or a
canine has to be moved
buccally
Construction
Made of 0.5 mm hard round
stainless steel wire
Spring consists of a T
shaped arm whose ends are
embedded in acrylic
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47. Coffin spring
Introduced by WALTER COFFIN
Removable type of expansion spring
Indication
Used to bring about slow transverse
dentoalveolar arch expansion in case of
unilateral cross bite
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48. Construction
Made of 1.25 mm hard
stainless steel wire
Consists of a U or a OMEGA
shaped wire placed in the mid
palatal region with retentive
arms incorporated in the base
plate
Appliance gets retention from
adams clasp on molars and
premolars
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50. Activation
Four registration points are drilled at the
extremities of base plate for recording the
amount of expansion by divider
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51. By pulling the sides apart manually, first in
the premolar region and then in the molar
region
Activation of 1-2 mm at a time appropriate
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52. Whip appliance
Rotation of a canine can
be accomplished
0.35 mm wire is
attached to a bracket on
a canine band
The flexible spring is
hooked under the labial
bow and produces a
very gentle rotation
force
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53. Closed protrusion springs
Both the ends of
the springs are
embedded in acrylic
Made of thinner
wires 0.4 mm
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54. Canine retractors
U loop canine retractors
Made of 0.6 or 0.7 mm wire.
Consists of U loop, active
arm and a retentive arm.
Mesial arm of the U loop is
bent at right angles and
adapted around canine
below its contact point
U loop should be 2-3 mm below the cervical margin
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55. Used when minimal retraction of 1-2 mm is
required
Activation
By closing the loops by 1-2 mm or cutting the
free end of active arm by 2 mm and
readapting it
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56. Palatal canine retractor
Made of 0.6 mm wire
Consists of a coil of 3
mm active arm,
retentive arm
Helix is placed along the long
axis of the canine.
INDICATED in retraction of palatally placed canine
ACTIVATION by opening the helix 2 mm at a time
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57. Reverse loop buccal retractor
Also called as Helical canine retractor
Favored when the sulcus is shallow as in
case of lower ach
Made of 0.6 mm wire ,consists of 3 mm
diameter coil ,an active arm (towards the
tissue) and a retentive arm.
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58. Mesial arm is adapted
between the premolars
The distal arm is active
bent at right angles to
engage canine below the
height of contour
Coil is placed 3 mm
below the gingival
margin
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59. ACTIVATION
Should not be activated more than 2 mm
Done by cutting off 1 mm from free end and
readpting
Alternatively done by opening the helix by 1
mm.
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60. Buccal self supported canine
retractor
Constructed of 0.7 mm wire
Called self supported because it is made
of thicker diameter wire that resists
distortion
Consists of helix of 3mm in diameter,an
active arm and a retentive arm
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61. Coil lies just distal to the
long axis of tooth
Anterior limb passes down
from the coil to the middle
of the crown and passes
around the mesial contact
area
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62. Used in case of a buccaly placed canine or
in case of a canine placed high in
vestibule
Features
Activated by closing the the coil
The active arm is away from tissues to
avoid impingement of soft tissues while
the coil lies towards the tissues
Activation
By closing the helix
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63. Elastics
Seldom used.
May be used for movement of single teeth
or group of teeth and for intermaxillary
traction
Use of intermaxillary elastic bands was
first described by Jackson (1904).
Their application was greatly enhanced by
introduction of arrow head clasps and
modifications of adams clasp.
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64. Intermaxillary elastics with removable plates
can be used for the treatment of Class II and
Class III
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66. Disadvantages
Slip gingivally and cause trauma
Risk of the arch form getting flattened
Continuous immersion in saliva causes a
rapid force decay of elastic
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67. Clasps
Defined as a component of removable orthodontic
appliances that retains and stabilizes an orthodontic
appliance in the oral cavity by contacting the surface
of the tooth or surrounding the tooth or by engaging
the interproximal embrasures
Resists the displacement orthodontic appliance by
contacting the surface of the tooth or by engaging
the undercuts
CLASSIFICATION
Single arm clasps – C , triangular clasps
Double arm clasps –U , Adams clasps
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68. Mode of action
They act by engaging the
constricted areas of teeth called
undercuts
Two types
1. Buccal and lingual cervical
undercuts
- Circumferential clasps
2. Mesial and distal proximal
undercuts
- Adams clasps
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69. Circumferential clasp
C clasp or Three quarter clasp
Engages the bucco cervical
undercut
Wire is engaged from one
proximal undercut along the
cervical margin then carried over
the occlusal margin to end as a
single retentive tag on the lingual
side
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71. Advantages
Simplicity in design and fabrication
Disadvantages
Cannot be used in partially erupted teeth
Its made of thicker wire hence very rigid
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72. Jackson's clasp
Introduced by Jackson in
1906
Full clasp or U clasp
Engages bucco cervical
undercut and mesio distal
undercuts
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73. Advantages
Easy to construct
Adequate retention
Disadvantages
Inadequate retention in partially erupted
teeth
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74. Crozat clasp
It resembles a full clasp but has a additional
piece of wire soldered which engages into the
mesial and distal proximal undercut
Offers better retention than full clasp
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75. Triangular clasp
Introduced by Zimmer in
1949
Used between two adjacent
posterior teeth
Engage the proximal
undercuts
Indicated when additional
retention is needed
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76. 0.7mm stainless steel
The triangle should be perpendicular to the
tooth surface or parallel to the occlusal
surface for good retention.
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77. Southend clasp
Retention in anterior
region
Wire adapted along
the cervical margins of
both the central
incisors
Distal ends are carried
over the occlusal
embrasures on the
palatal side as
retentive arms
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78. Ball End clasp
Additional retention
The ball can be made at the end of
the wire using a silver solder
Preformed wires having ball at one
end is also available
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79. The ball engages the proximal undercut
between two posterior teeth
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81. Arrow pin clasp
A solid arrow is bent to engage
interdental space and provides a firm
grip on teeth
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82. Eyelet clasp
Can be single , double
or continuous
Eyelet formed without
sharp bends so
breakage is unlikely.
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83. Duyzing’s clasp
Made by two wires emerging
from the plate to cross the
occlusion over the anterior and
posterior contact point of the
tooth clasped
Then each wire goes above the
greatest circumference of the
tooth to the middle of the tooth
and back again below using the
undercut
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84. Arrow head clasp
By A. M. Schwarz (1935)
Parts
1. The arrow head portion
2. Vestibular portion
3. Retentive arms
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85. The arrow heads bent in
horizontal plane perpendicular to
long axis engage the
interproximal undercuts
The vestibular portion stands 1
mm away from the tissues
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87. Advantages
More elastic
The possibility of adjusting the arrows
slightly mesially or distally
Used both on deciduous or permanent
teeth
Facilitates teeth to erupt in position
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88. Disadvantages
Needs a special type of pliers
Occupies a large amount of space
Arrow heads can injure the interdental soft
tissues
Difficult and time consuming to fabricate
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89. Adams clasp
Described by Philip Adam
Liverpool clasp , Universal clasp and
Modified arrow head clasp
Constructed using 0.7 mm hard stainless
steel wire
Parts
- Two arrow heads
- The bridge
- Two retentive arms
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90. The two arrowheads engage the mesial
and the distal proximal undercuts.
The arrowheads are connected to each
other by a bridge which is at a 45° to the
long axis of the tooth.
Corrected constructed Adams clasp should
be passive but in contact with tooth surface
when the appliance is fully inserted
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91. Advantages
It is rigid and offers excellent retention.
Can be fabricated on both deciduous and
permanent dentition.
Can be used on partially or fully erupted teeth.
Can be used on molars, premolars and incisors
No specialized instruments needed to fabricate.
It is small and occupies minimum space.
Clasp can be modified in a number of ways
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92. Essential features of Adam’s clasp
Bridge is straight.
Arrowheads are parallel and must not
contact adjacent tooth.
Bridge stands away from tooth at an angle
of 45.
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93. Tags are formed by turning down at right
angles.
The clasp should be passive but in contact
with the teeth when fully inverted.
Should not exert any force as it can tip
the tooth.
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95. Modifications
Adam with single arrow head
Indicated in a partially erupted tooth usually the
last erupted molar
Arrow head is made to engage the mesio
proximal undercut of the last erupted molar
Bridge is modified to encircle the tooth distally
and ends on the palatal aspect as a retentive
arm
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96. Adam with J hook
Adam with incorporated
helix
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97. Adam with soldered
buccal tube
This permits the use of
extraoral anchorage
using face bow - head
gear assembly
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98. Adam with distal extension
Adam on incisors and premolars
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99. Adam with additional arrowhead
The additional arrowhead engages the
proximal undercut of the adjacent tooth
and is soldered on to the bridge
This offers additional retention
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100. Delta clasp
W. J Clark (1985)
Retention of twin block appliance
Modification of Adams clasp
Retentive loops are in shape of closed
triangle
ADVANTAGE
Does not open with repeated insertion and
removal
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101. Base plate
The frame work of the removable
appliance
Functions
Unites all components of the appliance
into one unit
Helps in anchoring
Provides support for wire components
Helps in distributing the forces over a
large area
Bite planes can be incorporated
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102. Maxillary plate
Extension
The maxillary base plate
usually covers the entire
palate till the distal of the
first molar.
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107. Materials used
Heat cure
Self cure
More color
stability
Less porosity
Strength
Convenience
Speed
Cost
Possible for repair
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108. Heat cure
Steps
Wire parts of the appliance secured to
the cast by pink wax.
Cast dipped in water for 10 – 15 minutes
and the surface wetness allowed to dry.
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109. Single sheet of wax is
warmed and pressed
over cast.
Wax is trimmed to
shape with a double
flat ended instrument.
Any wax inside or
about the coil of the
spring is removed with
a probe.
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110. While flasking care should be taken to put
plaster around the springs and in the coil.
When processed the appliance is
deflasked, plaster removed and the plate
is trimmed and polished.
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111. Self cure
Steps
The cast is coated with separating medium.
All the components are secured in position
using pink wax.
Parts of the springs which must not be bound
up in the base plate material are covered with
pink wax.
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112. Self cure acrylic is applied –
- single mix technique
- salt and pepper/sprinkle on technique
Appliance trimmed and polished.
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113. Clear acrylic resins
Advantage
Blanching of the tissues can be seen.
Any entrapment of food can be observed.
Thermoplastic acrylic sheets which are
warmed on a Biostar machine (220° C), the
advantage being uniform thickness.
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114. Delivery of the appliance
Check that the previously described design
has been made correctly.
Check for any roughness
Trimming acrylic base for proper fit
Adjust springs
Test the functioning of screws.
Examination of clasps
No soft tissue impingement
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116. The advantage of removable orthodontic appliance is that
it can be taken out. The user must take it out and clean
dental plaque
it thoroughly to remove the dental plaque in the
morning and before bed at night.
Take out the removable orthodontic
appliance, use a toothbrush and some
liquid soap to clean every surface of the
appliance. After cleaning, the appliance
can be worn again.
When the orthodontic
appliance is not worn, it should
be cleaned and immersed in a
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cup of water.
117. Examination at each return visit
Enquire if the appliance has been
comfortable.
Patient asked to remove & insert the
appliance
Check for any facets ,wear upon acrylic &
even breakage.
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118. Amount of tooth movement
Soft tissue
Reschedule the next appointment - 4
weeks interval.
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119. Decline
Since 1970 decline in U K
Series of technical advances
ORTHODONTIC BANDS
Preforme
Prewelded
d
DIRECT BONDED ATTACHMENTS
PREADJUSTED EDGEWISE
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120. According to BDJ sept 22 2001 vol 191
Quality not so high
Higher discontinuation of treatment
Few general practioners willing to
undertake orthodontic treatment
Malocclusion requiring tipping are few
Only in certain limited cases they provide
simple , effective, efficient treatment
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121. Conclusion
It is emphasized that if good results are to
be obtained meticulous attention must be
paid to case history, treatment planning,
appliance design and adjustment.
Although removable appliances are adequate
to produce majority of tooth movements, it
is difficult to attain the precision of fixed
appliance.
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122. Bibliography
Removable appliance fabrication :
Witt ,Shaye and Gehrke
Removable Orthodontic appliances :
Graber and Neumann
Orthodontic treatment with Removable
appliances : Houston and Isaacson
The Design Construction Use Of Removable
Orthodontic Appliances :C.Philip Adams
Contemporary Orthodontics : Profitt
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