NAS Cosepup 051508 Mark Regets

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Mark Regets

Some Thoughts on the Global S&T Labor Market

Technology Career

Changes in how S&T is done: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Science and Engineering Indicators: 2008 Rapid Growth in S&T employment in both the U.S. and abroad Growth rates for selected S&E labor force measurements Measurement Source Years Average annual growth rate (%) Researchers in OECD countries OECD 1995–2002 3.4 Doctorate holders in U.S. nonacademic S&E occupations U.S. Census 1990–2005 4.6 College graduates in U.S. nonacademic S&E occupations U.S. Census 1990–2005 3.8 S&E doctorate holders in U.S. NSF/SRS SESTAT 1993–2003 3.0 S&E bachelor’s degree and above holders in U.S. NSF/SRS SESTAT 1993–2003 3.6 Researchers in China OECD 2000–2003 7.4

U.S. Multinational Corporations increased R&D employment more in absolute numbers in U.S. and at their foreign affiliates 1994-2004 In the United States: +31% (+194,000 workers) At affiliates abroad: +76% (+ 77,000 workers)

A “flat world” means that information and people freely move between “mountain tops” (clusters of innovation) Location still matters

Growth in employment in S&E occupations by nativity and level of degree Source: Lowell/Regets tabulations of 1980-2000 Census PUMS

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SOURCES: Thomson ISI, Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index, http://www.isinet.com/products/citation/; ipIQ, Inc.; National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates (1994–98), special tabulations; and National Science Board, Science and Engineering Indicators, 2006. Relationship of foreign-born U.S. S&E doctorate recipients to their country's scientific collaboration with United States: 1994–98 graduates and 1999–2003 articles

Top 11 countries with citizens with at least a tertiary-level education residing abroad in OECD countries (2000) Source: Docquier and Marfouk, International Migration by Educational Attainment (1990-2000), World Bank

The U.S. is not the only destination: International movement of S&T workers is global

High-skilled migration is an important part of many countries’ national economic strategy

Policy should not focus solely on the total numbers of high-skilled migrants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Friction in high-skilled migration can hurt without reducing immigrant numbers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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