This document provides definitions for many of the key terms used in domain name dispute resolution. It explains concepts like the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP), registrants, registries, panelists, complaints, responses, determinations, and more. The goal is to help navigate the specialized language of the domain name dispute process by defining important lingo and acronyms. It directs readers to an online library for additional information on cybersquatting and domain name legal issues.

1. Reference of Website Name Disputes
The domain name dispute resolution system was supposed to be user-friendly, but this goal has not
always been achieved. One of many boundaries to effective accessibility has been the lingo that has
grown up throughout the program. To successfully negotiate the system you need to need to find out
the dissimilarities among registrants, registries and registrars; you must not mistake your UDRP
together with your ACPA; and you'll need in order to select from NAF and WIPO should it grow to be
required.
Abusive signing up:
This really is a essential idea within the Nominet Dispute Solution Insurance policy; there is not any
reasoning behind an abusive enrollment beneath the UDRP (even though view the access on poor
religious beliefs). An abusive enrollment is certainly one which was signed up or received or has
eventually been used "within a way which required unjust benefit of or was unfairly damaging
towards the Complainant's Rights".
ACPA:
Begin to see the entrance in the Contra--Cybersquatting Safety Take action.
ADR:
ADR is short for alternative challenge solution. Inside the domain address dispute framework,
arbitration process are sometimes referred to as ADR courtroom proceedings, especially in EURid
paperwork.
Option dispute image resolution:
Start to see the entrance on ADR.
Anti--Cybersquatting Safety Work:
A US law introduced on 29 November 1999. It amended the Lanham Work - the centrepiece of US
business tag laws - and forms segment 43d. The ACPA may - in certain circumstances - be applied to
your case by the US courts, even if you're not a citizen of or based in the US.
Arbitration:
Website name arbitration may be the contractually-based system of dispute quality utilized to
determine disputes about the appropriate acquisition of website names. It really is unique from
conventional arbitration: a innovative method of individual challenge solution procedures frequently
used to ascertain global contractual disputes.
Terrible faith:
Underneath the UDRP a successful complainant should confirm how the website name was signed
up or is getting used in terrible faith. The very idea of poor trust will not be defined from the UDRP;
nonetheless several samples of conditions that are evidence of terrible faith receive, and I have

2. (crudely) summarised these under. First, conditions suggesting the respondent designed to sell the
domain name for the complainant are proof of bad trust. Second, so-referred to as "stopping"
registrations are evident of terrible belief, supplying they may be a part of a design of such
registrations. Third, proof terrible belief may be present in registrations meant to disrupt a
competitor's business. Ultimately, situations showing the professional usage of a domain name
which creates a likelihood of frustration involving the website address along with the complainant's
symbol are proof of awful faith. The list is low-exhaustive.
Cancellation:
Rarely employed, even though one of the remedies permitted under the UDRP, Nominet Policy, and
the .eu Regulation. The typical solution is exchange. Cancellation is also called revocation.
ccTLD:
This is short for country rule leading stage domain name. Examples of ccTLDs involve .us, .british
and .de.
Complainant:
A person setting up a issue via a domain address arbitration assistance about a domain name
enrollment (analogous into a plaintiff or claimant in litigation).
Criticism:
The document environment out your complainant's circumstance. There are detailed guidelines in
regards to what need to go into a issue, and the duration of issues is stringently constrained less
than some regimes. A complaint would include references to the provisions of the relevant policy
document, a description of the factual circumstances of the case, arguments as to why the case
should be found in the complaint's favour, and references to previous decisions which support the
arguments.
Cybersquatting:
The technique of poorly registering or getting domains where other people have proper rights.
Determination:
The domain address question equivalent of a the courtroom verdict. There is no formal system of
precedent in domain address arbitration. However, the arbitration bodies are loath to allow a
diversity of interpretations of their rules, and in practice panelists will not usually depart from well-
reasoned earlier decisions (or at least that they know about).
Domain name holder:
Yet another reputation for a registrant.
EURid:
The body applying the .eu website name. The EURid question quality service is offered by the
Prague-structured Arbitration Judge attached to the Financial Chamber of your Czech Agricultural

3. and Republic Holding chamber of your Czech Republic.
Specialist:
The Nominet term for panelists - the "judges" in the domain address question quality method. Most
professionals are practising mental home lawyers.
Government Brand Dilution Work:
US laws supplying a strong fix for the people who own renowned buy and sell marks. The FTDA was
introduced in 1996. It was actually the first statutory amendment of the US Lanham Act to address
the difficulties provided with the web. By prohibiting dilution, its main effect was to expand the
protection available to famous marks.
FTDA:
Begin to see the admittance about the National Signature Dilution Work.
gTLD:
This means general top rated level domain name. Samples of gTLDs incorporate .com, .world wide
web and .org. Compare ccTLDs.
ICANN:
The Web Company for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) administers the website name
system. It has promulgated a minimum of 10 various policies in relation to dispute solution. The
most significant coverage may be the Uniform Domain Address Challenge Resolution Plan (the
UDRP). The UDRP should be study in conjunction with the Rules for Consistent Domain Address
Question Resolution Plan (the Rules). ICANN's other challenge solution policies connect, for
instance, to particular sorts of website address with certain registration needs (e.g. .master or .biz),
the .info dawn time, and conflicts with registrars over website name moves.
IDNs:
View the admittance on Internationalised Domain Names.
Internationalised Website Names:
A domain address most likely containing no-ASCII characters, for instance a website address
comprising Arabic or Hebrew figures.
Legitimate Passions:
To aid beat a complaint created within the URDP, a Respondent ought to dispute that she / he has
genuine interests within the domain name in challenge. A low-exhaustive set of ways of exhibiting a
legitimate attention is defined out in the UDRP. Initially, pre-question use of (or arrangements for
the usage of) the website address or possibly a label related towards the website name "in
connection with a bona fide providing of services or goods" may comprise a real fascination. Second,
you and your business being commonly identified through the website name may possibly constitute
a real interest. 3rd, a legitimate no-industrial or honest use of the domain name may possibly

4. comprise a real fascination, providing that utilize will not misleadingly redirect shoppers of the
complainant or tarnish the business symbol at issue.
NAF:
The National Arbitration Online community is a significant community forum to the image resolution
of website address quarrels. NAF concentrates upon North Us website address disagreements.
Arbitration proceedings employing NAF are ruled with the UDRP, the principles and NAF's Extra
Regulations. NAF offers low-UDRP question solution solutions, by way of example for conflicts about
.us and .kids.us domains.
Mediation:
Mediation is a kind of alternative dispute solution where parties to your challenge try to agree an
agreement towards the challenge with the aid of an experienced facilitator. The Nominet Question
Solutions Support supplies a free mediation service.
Mutual jurisdiction:
This idea is used from the UDRP and other insurance policies to make reference to the jurisdictions
through which conventional the courtroom proceedings must be conducted in the event that website
name arbitration procedures do not generate a satisfactory final result. Under the UDRP it indicates
both the courts of the nation when the relevant registrar relies or the courts in the nation in which
the registrant claims to be based in their WHOIS entry.
Nominet:
The Nominet challenge quality services relates to conflicts concerning .united kingdom website
names (such as .internet.great britain, .ltd.great britain, .plc.uk, .co.british, .org.united kingdom and
.me.united kingdom). Nominet will not make use of the UDRP; alternatively, quarrels are determined
less than Nominet's own Coverage and Procedure.
Board:
One or three panelists typically make up the board.
Panelists:
The judges of your domain name question solution program. Many are practising intellectual
residence attorneys; several NAF panelists are retired US judges.
Celebration:
Legalese meaning someone who is involved in lawful courtroom proceedings as being a litigant.
From the circumstance of website name arbitration proceedings, it means participation as both a
complainant or possibly a respondent.
Completing off of:
The English-legislation tort of moving away continues to be handed down many other common rules
jurisdictions. It is sometimes referenced (with a bit of recklessness) as "unregistered trade mark

5. infringement". The registration and use of your own domain name can make up moving off of.
Plan:
The UDRP and the Nominet Plan are the most crucial papers in Nominet and UDRP arbitrations
respectively. The comparable regulations in .eu arbitrations are within the Control.
Procedure:
The Nominet Procedure contains the comprehensive regulations governing the carry out of Nominet
domain address arbitrations - by way of example, time restrictions for motion.
Company:
The corporation or company that administers your own domain name dispute resolution service.
Some methods of website address challenge solution, like the UDRP process, have a couple of
service provider; other folks, including the .eu method, just have a single company.
Registrar:
A firm or business that is approved from a pc registry to register website names.
Registrant:
A person that "has" (i.e. has the contractual straight to use) the website name. The registrant of a
domain address is available utilizing a WHOIS service.
Sign up contract:
The arrangement put into from a registrar along with a registrant upon the sign up or acquisition of
your own domain name. The registration deal stipulates the way of question image resolution, and
for that reason underpins the whole domain name dispute solution program.
Signing up influence:
See Registry.
Registry:
The organisation giving the website address extension in question. By way of example, Nominet it
the .british windows registry and EURid is definitely the .eu computer registry. Often called the
signing up authority.
Control:
From the perspective of .eu websites, this simply means Percentage Control (EC) No 874/2004 of 28
April 2004 laying down community coverage guidelines about the implementation and functions of
the .eu top level domain name and also the principles regulating sign up.
Reply:

6. The document in Nominet courtroom proceedings that contain the complainant's arguments
responding towards the respondent's disputes inside the reaction. It will not generally speaking
contain new quarrels unrelated to details brought up in the reaction. There is no comparable within
the UDRP or .eu procedures.
Answer:
The file that contains the respondent's disputes in reaction for the issue.
Respondent:
A person answering a formal issue about their website name signing up (similar to your defendant in
lawful proceedings).
Opposite domain name hijacking:
The incorrect use of website name arbitration courtroom proceedings to dispossess a registrant of
his / her website name.
Revocation:
See cancellation.
Legal rights:
In Nominet courtroom proceedings, a complainant must demonstrate that he or she has rights in
value of the label or symbol which is the exact same or the same as the domain address at concern.
Is not limited to, rights enforceable under English law, although the Nominet Policy provides that
rights "includes. However, a complainant will be unable to rely on rights in a name or term which is
wholly descriptive of the complainant's business". The most important privileges are listed business
marks and, in British legislation, the right to bring procedures for that tort of passing away.
Rules:
The Guidelines for UDRP health supplement the UDRP itself. The Czech Arbitration Courtroom also
offers some policies for .eu quarrels.
Added Policies:
Within the UDRP, equally NAF and also the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Middle concern their
particular additional guidelines, which health supplement the UDRP and the Guidelines for UDRP,
and can include for instance procedures concerning the fees of arbitration. The Czech Arbitration
Courtroom even offers some additional rules for .eu disagreements.
Business Represents Act 1994:
The centrepiece of your UK trade symbol rules regime, the 1994 Respond has become commonly
amended, normally to reflect improvements in European legislation.
Transfer:

7. The most crucial solution in website name arbitration procedures. The domain name will usually be
transferred from the respondent to the complainant if the panel determines that a complaint has
been made out.
Typosquatting:
The technique of poorly signing up domain names which are very similar to brands through which
other individuals have privileges. A type of cybersquatting.
UDRP:
The Consistent Website Address Dispute Image resolution Insurance policy promulgated by ICANN
governing most disputes about common top levels internet domain names, and lots of disputes about
country computer code best levels websites. The UDRP must be study along with the Regulations for
Consistent Website Address Question Image resolution Policy.
WHOIS:
Website directory services for searching for titles and also other information on domain address
registrants.
WIPO:
The Planet Mental Residence Company (WIPO) is undoubtedly an firm from the United Nations.
WIPO's Arbitration and Mediation Middle was the initial question solution services licensed by
ICANN. Arbitration courtroom proceedings using WIPO are controlled through the UDRP, the
guidelines and WIPO's Supplemental Guidelines. It is - together with NAF - one of several "large
two" providers of challenge quality professional services under the UDRP.
If you need more information, please visit the Internet Library of Cybersquatting and Domain Name
Disputes at [http, this glossary is intended to help you get to grips with the jargon;: //www.sequitur-
ips.com/domain-brand-disputes/catalogue.web-page coding].