The document discusses the behavior of real gases and introduces the van der Waals equation, which modifies the ideal gas law to account for particle volume and intermolecular forces. It highlights the deviations from ideal gas behavior observed at high pressures and low temperatures, and the roles of the constants 'a' and 'b' in the equation. Lastly, while useful in predicting non-ideal gas behavior, the equation has limitations in extreme conditions.

1. REAL GAS AND
VAN DER WAAL
EQUATION

2. INTRODUCTION TO
REAL GASES:
Real gases deviate from ideal behavior under
certain conditions.
They possess volume and experience
intermolecular forces.

3. 3
CHARACTERISTICS OF REAL GASES:
• Particle volume and intermolecular forces are considered
• Molecules have finite size, leading to deviations from idea
gas behavior.

4. 4
DEVIATIONS FROM IDEAL
GAS LAW:
DEVIATIONS FROM IDEAL GAS LAW:
• Factors causing deviations: volume
occupied by gas particles and
intermolecular forces.
• At high pressures and low
temperatures, deviations are more
pronounced.

5. 5
Presentation title
VAN DER WAALS
EQUATION:
Proposed by Johannes Diderik van der Waals in
1873.
Correction to the ideal gas law to account for
particle size and intermolecular forces.
Equation: (P + a(n^2/V^2))(V - nb) = nRT

6. COMPONENTS OF VAN
DER WAALS EQUATION:
'a' corrects for attractive forces
between gas molecules.
'b' adjusts for the volume occupied
by gas molecules.

7. 7
INTERPRETATION OF
CONSTANTS:
'A' IS RELATED TO MOLECULAR ATTRACTION.
'B' IS RELATED TO MOLECULAR SIZE OR
VOLUME.
APPLICATION AND
SIGNIFICANCE:
Useful in explaining deviations of real
gases from ideal behavior.
Used in calculations involving non-ideal
gas behavior.

8. LIMITATIONS:
Simplified assumptions; does not
encompass all complexities.
Not applicable in extreme
conditions (very high pressures,
very low temperatures).

9. 9
CONCLUSION:
THE VAN DER WAALS EQUATION OFFERS AN
IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF REAL GAS
BEHAVIOR.
SERVES AS A VALUABLE TOOL IN CHEMICAL
AND PHYSICAL CALCULATIONS.
REFERENCES:
The volume of a Real gas is given as
(Vm-b) ,
Where b is the volume occupied per
mole .