Nelson Mandela was often quoted both by world leaders and ordinary people. The document provides a collection of quotes from Mandela spanning from 1951 to 2004 on a wide range of topics including his struggle against apartheid, his willingness to sacrifice for freedom, his vision for a democratic South Africa, and his belief in the goodness of humanity. The quotes demonstrate Mandela's dedication to the anti-apartheid movement from his early political career through his presidency and reflect on the progress made in establishing democracy and reconciliation in South Africa.

1. Quotes
Former President Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela is often quoted by both world leaders and the man in the
street. Below are a number of such quotes.
“During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought
against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a
democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal
opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it an ideal for
which I am prepared to die.”
(Extract from I am Prepared to Die – Mandela’s statement from the dock at the opening of the defence
case in the Rivonia Trial, Pretoria Supreme Court, 20 April 1964)
“True, the struggle will be a bitter one. Leaders will be deported, imprisoned, and even shot. The
government will terrorise the people and their people and their leaders in an effort to halt the forward
march; ordinary forms of organisation will be rendered impossible. But the spirit of the people cannot
be crushed…until full victory is won.”
(Address at the Annual Conference of the African national (ANC) Youth League, Bloemfontein,
December 1951)
“…I would like to emphasise the aims of our campaign over again. We are not in opposition to any
government or class of people. We are opposing a system which has for years kept a vast section of
the non-European people in bondage.
Though it takes us years, we are prepared to continue the campaign…”
(An extract from We defy – a statement written by Mandela and published in Drum, August 1952)
“You can see that there is no easy walk to freedom anywhere, and many of us will have to pass
through the valley of the shadow (of death) again and again before we reach the mountain tops of our
desires…
Teach children that Africans are not one iota inferior to Europeans.”
(Address at the ANC Congress, 21 September 1953)
“Only through hardship, sacrifice and militant action can freedom be won. The struggle is my life. I will
continue fighting for freedom until the end of my days.”
(From a press statement issued by Mandela, explaining his decision to continue his political work
underground, 26 June 1961)
“I was made, by the law, a criminal, not because of what I had done, but because of what I stood for,
because of what I thought, because of my conscience.”
(Spoken in court when Mandela was on trial on charges of incitement and illegally leaving the country,
November 1962)
“Why is it that in this courtroom I am facing a white magistrate, confronted by a white prosecutor,
escorted by white orderlies? Can anybody honestly and seriously suggest that in this type of
atmosphere the scales of justice are evenly balanced? I am a black man in a white man’s court. This

2. should not be.”
(Spoken in court when Mandela was on trial on charges of incitement and illegally leaving the country,
November 1962)
“Too many have suffered for the love of freedom. I too cannot sell my birthright, nor am I prepared to
sell the birthright of my people to be free. Your freedom and mine cannot be separated.”
(Extract from a letter by Mandela, rejecting the government’s offer of freedom, read on his behalf by
his daughter Zindzi to a mass meeting at Jabulani Stadium, Soweto, on 10 February 1985)
“I stand before you not as a prophet but as a humble servant of you, the people. Your tireless and
heroic sacrifices have made it possible for me to be here today.
I therefore place the remaining yeas of my life in your hands.”
(Address on his release from prison, Cape Town, 11 February 1990)
“Our struggle has reached a decisive moment. We call on all our people to seize the moment so that
the process towards democracy is rapid and uninterrupted.
We have waited too long for our freedom. We can no longer wait. Our march to freedom is
irreversible. We must not allow fear to stand in our way.”
(Address on his release from prison, Cape Town, 11 February 1990)
“We are going forward. I have spoken about freedom in my entire lifetime. Your struggles, your
commitment and your discipline have released me to stand before you today. The basic principles will
propel us to a free, non-racial, democratic, united South Africa that we have struggled and died for.”
(Address at a rally in Soweto, 13 February 1990)
“Since my release, I have become more convinced than ever that the real makers of history are the
ordinary men and women of our country.
Their participation in every decision about the future is the only guarantee of true democracy and
freedom.”
(Address at a rally in Durban, 25 February 1990)
“It could have been that our own hearts had turned to stone. But we understood that the oppression
dehumanises the oppressor as it hurts the oppressed. We understood that to emulate the barbarity of
the tyrant would also transform us into savages. We knew that we would sully and degrade our cause
if we allowed that it should, at any stage, borrow anything from the practices of the oppressor.”
(Address to Parliament of the Republic of Ireland, 2 July 1990)
“Change is as unsettling as it is painful. It cannot be any different because change is movement…At
times of momentous developments, when societies reach their high noon, everything else becomes
uncertain except for the golden gate that must be reached – the goal of freedom.”
(Statement on the occasion of his installation as the Chancellor of the University of the North, 25 April
1992)

3. “Ruth spent her life in the service of the people of southern Africa. She went to prison for her beliefs…
Her life, and her death, remains a beacon to all who love liberty.”
(Address at the Ruth First 10th Anniversary Commemoration Trust, Cape Town, 17 August 1992)
“The convening of Codesa was like the parting of the waters, opening the way to the promised land of
freedom beyond. It was a great victory for the people of South Africa, black and white.”
(Address at the Zionist Christian Church Easter Conference, Moria, 20 April 1992)
“And let there be no mistake: there have been many changes, and negotiations have started, but for
the ordinary black person of this country, apartheid is alive and well.”
(Address to the nation on the assassination of Martin Chris Hani, 10 April 1993)
“Black lives are cheap, and will remain so as long as apartheid continues to exist.
Chris Hani championed the cause of peace, trudging to every corner of South Africa, calling for a spirit
of tolerance among all out people.”
(Address at the funeral of Martin Chris Hani, Soweto, 19 April 1993)
“Oliver lived not because he could breathe. He lived not because blood flowed through his veins…
Oliver lived because he had surrendered his very being to the people. He lived because his very being
embodied love, an idea, a hope, an aspiration, a vision.”
(Address at the funeral of Oliver Tambo, Johannesburg, 2 May 1993)
“At the southern tip of the continent, a rich reward is in the making, an invaluable gift is in the
preparation, for those who suffered in the name of all humanity when they sacrificed everything – for
liberty, peace, human dignity and human fulfillment.
The value of our shared reward will and must be measured by the joyful peace which will triumph,
because of the common humanity that bonds both black and w hite into one human race, will have said
to each one of us that we shall all live like the children of paradise.”
(Acceptance speech at the Nobel Peace Prize Award Ceremony, Norway, 10 December 1993)
“As a young man I decided to study the law with a view to using what little talent I had in the service
of justice and the cause of my people. Like many before me and those of my generation. I entered
legal practice with a determination to employ my skills and training to at least alleviate the suffering
of the oppressed if not to reserve it.”
(Address at the Zionist Christian Church Easter Conference, Moria,
3 April 1994)
“I have traveled the length and breadth of this country, met people, spoken to children, the aged,
everyone I could touch or see. Everyone seeks peace. Everyone seeks a better life. Everyone wants to
work together.”
(Speech at a cultural dinner Midrand, just prior to the first democratic election, 7 April 1994)
“The time for the healing of the wounds has come. The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us

4. has come.
Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression
of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world.
Let freedom reign. The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement!”
(Inaugural speech, Pretoria, 10 May 1994)
“And so we must, constrained by and yet regardless of the accumulated effect of our historical
burdens, seize the time to define for ourselves what we want to make our shared destiny.
…the purpose that will drive this government shall be the expansion of the frontiers of human
fulfillment and the continuous extension of the frontiers of freedom.”
(State of the National Address, Cape Town, 24 May 1994)
“Africa shed her blood and surrendered the lives of her children so that all her children could be free.
She gave of her limited wealth and resources so that all of Africa should be liberated. She opened her
heart of hospitality and her head so full of wise counsel, so that we shall emerge victorious. A million
times, she put her hand to the plough that has now dug up the encrusted burden of oppression
accumulated for centuries.
If freedom was the crown which the fighters of liberation sought to place on the head of mother Africa,
let the upliftment, the happiness, prosperity and comfort of her children be the jewel of the crown.”
(Speech at the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) meeting of Heads of State and Government, 13
June 1994)
“Freedom should not be understood to mean leadership positions or even appointments to top
positions. It must be understood as the transformation of the lives ordinary people in the hostels and
the ghettos; in the squatter camps; on the farms and in the mine compounds.
It means constant consultation between leaders and members of their organisations; it demands of us
to be in constant touch with the people, to understand their needs, hopes and fears; and to work
together with them to improve their conditions.”
(Speech at an event to meet leaders in the Free State,
17 September 1994)
“Comrade Joe Slovo was one of those who taught us that individuals do not make history. Yet, in each
generation there are a few individuals who are endowed with an acument and personal bearing which
enables them to direct the course of events.”
(Address at the funeral of Joe Slovo, Johannesburg, 15 January 1995)
“People come and go. Customs, fashions and preferences change. Yet the web of fundamental rights
and justice which a nation proclaims must not be broken.”
(Address at the inauguration of the Constitutional Court,
14 February 1995)
“As we set about building a new South Africa, one of our highest priorities must be our children. The
vision of a new society that guides us should already be manifest in the steps we take to address the
wrong done to our youth and to prepare for their future. Our actions and policies, and the institutions
we create, should be eloquent with care, respect and love.”
(Address at the launch of the Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund, Pretoria,

5. 8 May 1995)
“Our children are the rock on which our future will be built, our greatest asset as a nation. They will be
the leaders of our country, the creators of our national wealth, those who care for and protect our
people.”
(Address at the dedication of Qunu and Nkalade schools, Qunu,
3 June 1995)
“I waited over 70 years to cast my first vote. As the world held its breath, South Africans to gether
made their mark to bring into being one of the truly remarkable events of this turbulent century. Once
more, we affirmed a truism of human history: that the people are their own liberators.
I chose to do it near the grave of John Dube, the first President of the ANC, the African patriot that
had helped found the organisation in 1912. I voted not only for myself alone but for many who took
part in our struggle. I felt that with me when I voted were Oliver Tambo, Chris Hani, Chief Albert
Luthuli and Bram Fischer. I felt that Josiah Gumede, GM Naicker, Dr Abdullah Abdurahman, Lillian
Ngoyi, Helen Joseph, Yusuf Dadoo, Moses Kotane, Steve Biko and many others were there. I felt that
each one of them held my hand that made the cross, helped me to fold the ballot paper and push it
into the ballot box.”
(Speech at the first Bram Fischer Memorial Lecture, Johannesburg, 9 June 1995)
“We, the people of South Africa, have made a decisive and irreversible break with the past. We have,
in real life declared our shared allegiance to justice, non-racialism and democracy; our yearning for a
peaceful and harmonious nation of equals.
The rainbow has come to be the symbol of our nation. We are turning the variety of our languages
and cultures, once used to divide us, into a source of strength and richness.”
(Message on National Reconciliation Day, 16 December 1995)
“For generations to come, the abiding image of a patient citizenry in long voting queues on 27 April
1994 will remain deeply etched in the collective memory of the nation.”
(Address at Freedom Day celebrations, 27 April 1996)
“Reconstruction goes hand in hand with reconciliation.”
(Address at the Thanksgiving for Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Cape Town, 23 June 1996
“We give life to our nation’s prayer for freedom regained and a continent reborn.”
(On signing the new South African Constitution into law at Sharpeville, 10 December 1996)
“I seem to arrive more firmly at the conclusion that my own life struggle has had meaning only
because, dimly and perhaps incoherently, it has sought to achieve the supreme objective of ensuring
that each, without regard to race, colour, gender or social status, could have the possibility to reach
for the skies.”
(Address at the presentation of Cape Town bid a the 106th session of the International Olympic
Committee, Switzerland, September 1997)

6. “It was there in the hills and valleys of Qunu; in the rolling hills of KwaDlangezwa; in the Genadendal
settlement; and along the Gariep, the Lekoa and the Luvuvhu rivers, that we first understood that we
are not free.”
(Address at the Freedom Day celebrations, Umtata, 27 April 1999)
“Reconciliation is central to that vision that moved millions of men and women to risk all, including
their lives, in the struggle against apartheid… It is inseparable from the achievement of a non-racial,
democratic and united nation affording common citizenship, rights and obligations to each and every
person, and respecting the rich diversity of our people.”
(Special Debate on the Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), 25 February 1999)
“You have walked along the road of the heroes and heroines. You have borne the pain of those who
have known fear and learnt to conquer it…
You have had to convince your enemies to believe a story difficult to believe, because it was true, that
your burnished spear glittered in the rays of the sun, not to speak of hatred and death from them, but
because you prayed that its blinding brilliance would tell them, whose ears would not hear, that you
loved them as your own kith kin.
After a long walk, we too have arrived at the starting point of a new journey. We have you, Madiba, as
our nearest and brightest star to guide us on our way. We will not get lost.”
(Address by then Deputy President of South African, Thabo Mbeki, to the National Assembly, Cape
Town, 26 March 1999)
“Let us never be unmindful of the terrible past from which we come – using that memory not as a
means to keeps us shackled to the past in a negative manner, but rather as a joyous reminder of how
far we have come and how much we have achieved. My wish is that South Africans never give up on
the belief in goodness, that they cherish that faith in human beings as a cornerstone of our
democracy.”
(Address during a Joint Sitting of Parliament to commemorate 10 years of democracy in South Africa,
10 May 2004)
“In a cynical world we have become an inspiration to many. We signal that good can be achieved
amongst human beings who are prepared to trust, prepared to belief in the goodness of people.”
(Address during a Joint Sitting of Parliament to mark 10 years of democracy, Cape Town, 10 May
2004)
“The people of Africa have learned the lessons of patience and endurance in their long struggle for
freedom.
In a cynical world we have become an inspiration to many. We signal that good can be achieved
amongst human beings who are prepared to trust, prepared to belief in the goodness of people.”
(Address during a Joint Sitting of Parliament to mark 10 years of democracy, Cape Town, 10 May
2004)
“Those of us from that generation who are singled out to stay the longest, have to bear the pain of
seeing our comrades go.
We shared the joy of living and the pain. We shared ideas, forged common commitments. We walked
side by side through the valley of death…holding each other up when our steps faltered. And together
we were privileged to savour the taste of freedom.”

7. (Address at the funeral of Walter Sisulu, 17 May 2004)
“The struggle against apartheid became one of the foremost moral struggles of the 20th century. Like
few other liberation struggles, it drew the support of people from the widest range of political
persuasions across the world.”
(Fifth Steve Biko Lecture, Cape Town, 10 September 2004)
“The campaign against AIDS is the task of all of us – young and old, government and community
organisations, religious and traditional institutions, cultural and sporting bodies.
AIDS knows no custom. It knows no colour. It knows no boundaries. We have to work together
wherever we are to preserve our nation, our continent and humanity as a whole.
I gave permission for the use of my Robben Island prison number 46664 as a weapon against AIDS. I
did so remembering how, in the long years on Robben Island, we never lost hope…”
(Address at the 46664 South African concert, George, 19 March 2005)
“When I was a boy brought up in my village in the Transkei, I listened to the elders of the tribe telling
stories about the good old days, before the arrivals of the white man. I hoped and vowed then that,
among the treasures that life might offer me, would be the opportunity to serve my people and make
my own humble contribution to freed struggle.”
(An excerpt from Long Walk to Freedom)
“Death is something inevitable. When a man has done what he considers to be his duty to his people
and his country, he can rest in peace. I believe I have made that effort and that is, therefore, why I
will sleep for the eternity.”