Question 1Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including deiti.docx
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Question 1: Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including deities) can be identified in many types of Greek art. Cite important examples and explain their significance. Representations of humans in ancient Greek sculpture evolved from static, conventionalized forms to more naturalistic and expressionistic figures. How can we see this progression in examples from different periods? While it is true the Romans were great copiers of the art and architecture of Greek art, they were also inventive and innovative in a number of areas. Cite at least four examples of where the Romans displayed originality in art and architecture and explain specifically how this originality was shown. Discuss the areas in which, you feel, they displayed the most originality, and explain what factors were present in their culture to foster such originality. Question 2: Iconic and narrative images are significant types of early Christian representations. Identify examples of storytelling and symbolism in painted, carved, or mosaic Christian works. Byzantine conventions of representation differ significantly from Jewish and other Christian traditions. Identify contrasting examples that illustrate these differences for the presentation of human figures. What do those characteristic differences reflect for each faith practice? Be sure to explain your ideas clearly and support them by discussing specific works of art that you have read about this week, talking about how they illustrate and support your ideas .
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Question 1Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including deiti.docx
Question 1:
Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including deities) can be identified in many types of Greek art. Cite important examples and explain their significance. Representations of humans in ancient Greek sculpture evolved from static, conventionalized forms to more naturalistic and expressionistic figures. How can we see this progression in examples from different periods?
While it is true the Romans were great copiers of the art and architecture of Greek art, they were also inventive and innovative in a number of areas. Cite at least four examples of where the Romans displayed originality in art and architecture and explain specifically how this originality was shown. Discuss the areas in which, you feel, they displayed the most originality, and explain what factors were present in their culture to foster such originality.
Question 2:
Iconic and narrative images are significant types of early Christian representations. Identify examples of storytelling and symbolism in painted, carved, or mosaic Christian works. Byzantine conventions of representation differ significantly from Jewish and other Christian traditions. Identify contrasting examples that illustrate these differences for the presentation of human figures. What do those characteristic differences reflect for each faith practice?
...
.Question 1Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including de.docx
.
Question 1:
Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including deities) can be identified in many types of Greek art. Cite important examples and explain their significance. Representations of humans in ancient Greek sculpture evolved from static, conventionalized forms to more naturalistic and expressionistic figures. How can we see this progression in examples from different periods?
While it is true the Romans were great copiers of the art and architecture of Greek art, they were also inventive and innovative in a number of areas. Cite at least four examples of where the Romans displayed originality in art and architecture and explain specifically how this originality was shown. Discuss the areas in which, you feel, they displayed the most originality, and explain what factors were present in their culture to foster such originality.
Question 2:
Iconic and narrative images are significant types of early Christian representations. Identify examples of storytelling and symbolism in painted, carved, or mosaic Christian works. Byzantine conventions of representation differ significantly from Jewish and other Christian traditions. Identify contrasting examples that illustrate these differences for the presentation of human figures. What do those characteristic differences reflect for each faith practice?
.
arts 9.pdf
The document provides an overview of Western classical art traditions from prehistoric to Gothic periods. It discusses the objectives and content that will be covered in the online arts module, including analyzing elements and principles of art, identifying characteristics of different periods, and representative artworks. The module aims to cater to both learners with and without internet access during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Discussion 7.1 Medieval art vs. Byzantine artYou are an art.docx
Discussion 7.1: Medieval art vs. Byzantine art
You are an artist living in Western Europe between the 6th and 11th centuries and you are concerned that your work is not being adequately appreciated by a group of hoity-toity art critics from Constantinople. Select two specific examples of early Medieval art and defend these against the insults of the Byzantine critics who state that your work “…doesn’t present a naturalistic view of the body…” or “…was not created with an understanding of Greek and Roman forms…”. Explain the reasons why your work should be regarded as impressive by explaining the technique, needs of the patron, or underlying artistic qualities of your artwork to these critics. Make sure to clearly articulate what makes your art wonderful and awe-inspiring by providing specific examples and details drawn from what you know of this period and the art you have selected.Discussion 7.2: Churches in your pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela
You are now playing the part of an early Pilgrim traveling to Santiago de Compostela (the most important pilgrimage destination during the Romanesque period after Jerusalem). Using the map on page 335 of Gardner’s text, identify two churches that you’ll visit along the way and discuss the art and architecture and how these speak to or connect with you as a religious pilgrim on a long and dangerous journey.
Discussion 7.3: Taoist notions of landscape
The reading “Buddhist and Taoist influences on Chinese Landscape Painting” discusses some correspondences between Chinese philosophical and religious thought and the idea of landscape that emerge in China during the Song period. Discuss what landscape means when viewed through the Taoist notions discussed in the reading and then examine and interpret examples of Song landscapes presented in Gardner’s text.
Discussion 8.1: Gothic architectural components
In The Gothic Enterprise, Robert Scott discusses various philosophical, scientific, and religious ideas that were embedded within Gothic Cathedral construction. Identify and discuss two specific ideas and their architectural implementation. In the process of discussing these components make sure to identify the specific buildings that you have identified as examples of these ideas and the way in which these ideas were embedded within the structures.
Discussion 8.2: Changing styles in period art
We have seen the representation of the human form change throughout the various periods that were examined this semester. In the late Byzantine and Gothic art that you examined this week, we see the movement to styles that will set the stage for what we see in the Renaissance period. Discuss the manner of representation that we see in the presentation of figural form in this period. How has it changed from what we examined in the Medieval and Romanesque art that we viewed last week?
Discussion 8.3: Art from the Americas
The art of the Americas differs from much of what we discussed this semester. Select .
LECTURE 8.docx
During prehistoric times, early humans transitioned from nomadic to more permanent lifestyles, leading to early civilizations. Art from this era provides insights into prehistoric life. One civilization where art flourished was Ancient Egypt. Throughout Egyptian history, art was closely tied to religious and spiritual practices. Studying unearthed artworks helps the modern world better understand past cultures and their influence on the present.
Review the assigned reading to prepare for this discussion.C.docx
Review the assigned reading to prepare for this discussion.
Choose two of the following topics as the base for your discussion.
Prehistoric, Ancient Mesopotamian, and Egyptian representations of humans.
Greek and Roman traditions of representing the human form.
Medieval era representations of the human form in images made for the Christian church.
Respond
Compare how artists from different cultures and periods of time represent the human form in works of art?
Include artworks in your post and reference specific details from them as evidence of your ideas.
Why do many cultures create idealized representations of the human form in their art?
Think about the idealized bodies represented in contemporary visual culture.
Might such images have the power to influence the way we look at and think about our bodies in life?
What are examples of shifting perceptions of the human form in contemporary society?
Reference at least two contemporary images.
Include these images in your post and discuss specific details from them to support your claims.
.
o As a new religion coming out of the aniconic background of Judai.docx
o As a new religion coming out of the aniconic background of Judaism and having no clear picture of what Jesus looked like, Early Christianity had to take some of its artistic ideas and symbols from the religious art of Greece and Rome. In your essay, provide examples of at least three “borrowings” of images from Roman art by Early Christian artists. Identify the images that are borrowed, their original religious meanings, and how the Christians gave them new meanings. Explain, where relevant, how the use of these Roman symbols either disguised Christian activity when the religion was illegal, and how it made Christian art appealing to polytheistic peoples as well after Constantine made Christianity the state religion.
o Discuss the symbolic meanings that fifteenth-century viewers would have comprehended in the objects contained in the domestic environments of either the Merode Alterpiece or the Arnolfini Double Portrait. How did the artists make these objects look so real?
o Which three religions lay claim to the importance of the location of “The Dome of the Rock?” Discuss why each of these religions believe this place to be “holy”. Who has control of this piece of land today? Which religion does the iconography of the interior and exterior decoration follow? Discuss these motifs in detail…colors, design, meaning, and whether you think the motifs are successful in telling the importance of “the Dome of the Rock”.
o Asian art combines material splendor and philosophical depth with an affinity for giving visual form to the spirituality of the natural world. Choose two pieces of art/architecture from two different countries that illustrate these qualities. Be sure to list names, titles, artist/architect, patron, country, and purpose of the art/architecture you chose. Discuss how they use/exploit each quality and whether or not you think the creation was a successful blend.
o Depictions of the Virgin Mary holding Jesus represent a continuing theme in the history of European Christian art, developed early on, and even continuing to this day. Describe the relationship between mother and son in each. Characterize the difference in artistic style. How does the choice of medium contribute to the distinction between them?
.
Paraphrasing In An Essay
How to Paraphrase like a Straight A Student | 5 Simple Steps. paraphrasing with quotation marks. How To Paraphrase In Six Easy Steps - A Comprehensive Writing Guide. Expert Paraphrase Text Online Service | Paraphrasing Tool. Example Of Paraphrasing In An Essay. Stirring Paraphrase Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Professional Way to Dissertation Paraphrasing | Paraphrasing Tool. Help with How to Paraphrase Essay. Paraphrasing & Citing Sources - Riverview Middle School Library Media .... How to Use APA Citing and Paraphrasing to. how to paraphrase a quote in an essay. Paraphrasing vs. Summarizing vs. Quoting: What's the Difference ....
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Question 1Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including deiti.docx
Question 1:
Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including deities) can be identified in many types of Greek art. Cite important examples and explain their significance. Representations of humans in ancient Greek sculpture evolved from static, conventionalized forms to more naturalistic and expressionistic figures. How can we see this progression in examples from different periods?
While it is true the Romans were great copiers of the art and architecture of Greek art, they were also inventive and innovative in a number of areas. Cite at least four examples of where the Romans displayed originality in art and architecture and explain specifically how this originality was shown. Discuss the areas in which, you feel, they displayed the most originality, and explain what factors were present in their culture to foster such originality.
Question 2:
Iconic and narrative images are significant types of early Christian representations. Identify examples of storytelling and symbolism in painted, carved, or mosaic Christian works. Byzantine conventions of representation differ significantly from Jewish and other Christian traditions. Identify contrasting examples that illustrate these differences for the presentation of human figures. What do those characteristic differences reflect for each faith practice?
...
.Question 1Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including de.docx
.
Question 1:
Figures and beliefs of Greek mythology (including deities) can be identified in many types of Greek art. Cite important examples and explain their significance. Representations of humans in ancient Greek sculpture evolved from static, conventionalized forms to more naturalistic and expressionistic figures. How can we see this progression in examples from different periods?
While it is true the Romans were great copiers of the art and architecture of Greek art, they were also inventive and innovative in a number of areas. Cite at least four examples of where the Romans displayed originality in art and architecture and explain specifically how this originality was shown. Discuss the areas in which, you feel, they displayed the most originality, and explain what factors were present in their culture to foster such originality.
Question 2:
Iconic and narrative images are significant types of early Christian representations. Identify examples of storytelling and symbolism in painted, carved, or mosaic Christian works. Byzantine conventions of representation differ significantly from Jewish and other Christian traditions. Identify contrasting examples that illustrate these differences for the presentation of human figures. What do those characteristic differences reflect for each faith practice?
.
arts 9.pdf
The document provides an overview of Western classical art traditions from prehistoric to Gothic periods. It discusses the objectives and content that will be covered in the online arts module, including analyzing elements and principles of art, identifying characteristics of different periods, and representative artworks. The module aims to cater to both learners with and without internet access during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Discussion 7.1 Medieval art vs. Byzantine artYou are an art.docx
Discussion 7.1: Medieval art vs. Byzantine art
You are an artist living in Western Europe between the 6th and 11th centuries and you are concerned that your work is not being adequately appreciated by a group of hoity-toity art critics from Constantinople. Select two specific examples of early Medieval art and defend these against the insults of the Byzantine critics who state that your work “…doesn’t present a naturalistic view of the body…” or “…was not created with an understanding of Greek and Roman forms…”. Explain the reasons why your work should be regarded as impressive by explaining the technique, needs of the patron, or underlying artistic qualities of your artwork to these critics. Make sure to clearly articulate what makes your art wonderful and awe-inspiring by providing specific examples and details drawn from what you know of this period and the art you have selected.Discussion 7.2: Churches in your pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela
You are now playing the part of an early Pilgrim traveling to Santiago de Compostela (the most important pilgrimage destination during the Romanesque period after Jerusalem). Using the map on page 335 of Gardner’s text, identify two churches that you’ll visit along the way and discuss the art and architecture and how these speak to or connect with you as a religious pilgrim on a long and dangerous journey.
Discussion 7.3: Taoist notions of landscape
The reading “Buddhist and Taoist influences on Chinese Landscape Painting” discusses some correspondences between Chinese philosophical and religious thought and the idea of landscape that emerge in China during the Song period. Discuss what landscape means when viewed through the Taoist notions discussed in the reading and then examine and interpret examples of Song landscapes presented in Gardner’s text.
Discussion 8.1: Gothic architectural components
In The Gothic Enterprise, Robert Scott discusses various philosophical, scientific, and religious ideas that were embedded within Gothic Cathedral construction. Identify and discuss two specific ideas and their architectural implementation. In the process of discussing these components make sure to identify the specific buildings that you have identified as examples of these ideas and the way in which these ideas were embedded within the structures.
Discussion 8.2: Changing styles in period art
We have seen the representation of the human form change throughout the various periods that were examined this semester. In the late Byzantine and Gothic art that you examined this week, we see the movement to styles that will set the stage for what we see in the Renaissance period. Discuss the manner of representation that we see in the presentation of figural form in this period. How has it changed from what we examined in the Medieval and Romanesque art that we viewed last week?
Discussion 8.3: Art from the Americas
The art of the Americas differs from much of what we discussed this semester. Select .
LECTURE 8.docx
During prehistoric times, early humans transitioned from nomadic to more permanent lifestyles, leading to early civilizations. Art from this era provides insights into prehistoric life. One civilization where art flourished was Ancient Egypt. Throughout Egyptian history, art was closely tied to religious and spiritual practices. Studying unearthed artworks helps the modern world better understand past cultures and their influence on the present.
Review the assigned reading to prepare for this discussion.C.docx
Review the assigned reading to prepare for this discussion.
Choose two of the following topics as the base for your discussion.
Prehistoric, Ancient Mesopotamian, and Egyptian representations of humans.
Greek and Roman traditions of representing the human form.
Medieval era representations of the human form in images made for the Christian church.
Respond
Compare how artists from different cultures and periods of time represent the human form in works of art?
Include artworks in your post and reference specific details from them as evidence of your ideas.
Why do many cultures create idealized representations of the human form in their art?
Think about the idealized bodies represented in contemporary visual culture.
Might such images have the power to influence the way we look at and think about our bodies in life?
What are examples of shifting perceptions of the human form in contemporary society?
Reference at least two contemporary images.
Include these images in your post and discuss specific details from them to support your claims.
.
o As a new religion coming out of the aniconic background of Judai.docx
o As a new religion coming out of the aniconic background of Judaism and having no clear picture of what Jesus looked like, Early Christianity had to take some of its artistic ideas and symbols from the religious art of Greece and Rome. In your essay, provide examples of at least three “borrowings” of images from Roman art by Early Christian artists. Identify the images that are borrowed, their original religious meanings, and how the Christians gave them new meanings. Explain, where relevant, how the use of these Roman symbols either disguised Christian activity when the religion was illegal, and how it made Christian art appealing to polytheistic peoples as well after Constantine made Christianity the state religion.
o Discuss the symbolic meanings that fifteenth-century viewers would have comprehended in the objects contained in the domestic environments of either the Merode Alterpiece or the Arnolfini Double Portrait. How did the artists make these objects look so real?
o Which three religions lay claim to the importance of the location of “The Dome of the Rock?” Discuss why each of these religions believe this place to be “holy”. Who has control of this piece of land today? Which religion does the iconography of the interior and exterior decoration follow? Discuss these motifs in detail…colors, design, meaning, and whether you think the motifs are successful in telling the importance of “the Dome of the Rock”.
o Asian art combines material splendor and philosophical depth with an affinity for giving visual form to the spirituality of the natural world. Choose two pieces of art/architecture from two different countries that illustrate these qualities. Be sure to list names, titles, artist/architect, patron, country, and purpose of the art/architecture you chose. Discuss how they use/exploit each quality and whether or not you think the creation was a successful blend.
o Depictions of the Virgin Mary holding Jesus represent a continuing theme in the history of European Christian art, developed early on, and even continuing to this day. Describe the relationship between mother and son in each. Characterize the difference in artistic style. How does the choice of medium contribute to the distinction between them?
.
Paraphrasing In An Essay
How to Paraphrase like a Straight A Student | 5 Simple Steps. paraphrasing with quotation marks. How To Paraphrase In Six Easy Steps - A Comprehensive Writing Guide. Expert Paraphrase Text Online Service | Paraphrasing Tool. Example Of Paraphrasing In An Essay. Stirring Paraphrase Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Professional Way to Dissertation Paraphrasing | Paraphrasing Tool. Help with How to Paraphrase Essay. Paraphrasing & Citing Sources - Riverview Middle School Library Media .... How to Use APA Citing and Paraphrasing to. how to paraphrase a quote in an essay. Paraphrasing vs. Summarizing vs. Quoting: What's the Difference ....
ARTH10 Take-home questions for final examINSTRUCTIONS Select .docx
ARTH10 Take-home questions for final exam
INSTRUCTIONS: Select one (1) of the following questions and answer it in a 3 page typed essay (double spaced). You can go over this length if you need to, as long is the extra space isn’t taken up by repeating points/facts you’ve already given, or “padding” the answer with things irrelevant to the question. Give the question number or repeat the question at the beginning of the essay so I know which question you are attempting to answer. Use your textbook and class notes as sources. You can use other sources (books or magazine/journal articles) as well if you want to, but because of the inaccurate and often just plain crazy nature of many internet sources, I would prefer you not use electronic sources.
THIS ESSAY NEEDS TO BE IN YOUR OWN WORDS. If you quote your textbook or another source directly (word for word) to back up an argument or illustrate a point, you need to put the author’s words in quotation marks. CHANGING ONE OR TWO WORDS DOES NOT MAKE IT YOUR OWN! When you use a direct quote this way, you need to say from what source and where in that source you are taking the quote. You can do this either by using footnotes, end notes, or parenthetical citations. In a footnote, you provide the source of the quote at the bottom of the page, with a number for each quote, inserted at the end of the quote and reproduced with the source at the bottom of the page. Most word processing programs have an automatic feature to insert a footnote after your quote (in Microsoft Word scroll down under “Insert,” click on “Reference,” and select “Footnote”). So after the first quote you will have a small number 1, and at the bottom of the page the first footnote giving the source with the following information: author, title (italicized), then in parentheses place of publication followed by a colon, then the publisher and the date, then close parentheses and provide the page number of your quote. For example:
1 Mary Ellen Miller, The Art of Mesoamerica: from Olmec to Aztec. 4th Edition. (London/New York: Thames and Hudson, 2006), p. 46.
If you use end notes, the source of each quote will be numbered as well, but listed at the end of the text of your essay. Use the same format for describing sources. If you use parenthetical citations, after each quote, in your text, put the last name of the author, the date, a colon, and the page number, so at the end of the quote would be (Miller 2006: 46). If you use parenthetical citations, than you need to list the full information for each source you use in a list of references at the end of your paper. You can title this list References Cited or Bibliography. For each book or published source you use, give the author (last name first), title, edition, place of publication, and date. So:
Miller, Mary Ellen. The Art of Mesoamerica. 4th Edition. London/New York: Thames and Hudson, 2006.
You can also use footnotes, end notes, or parenthetical citations to provide the sourc.
Copy_of_GEC_123_WK4-WK5.pptx
This document discusses various aspects of art including subject, content, form, types of subjects (representational vs. non-representational), sources of subjects in art, and the roles of artists, artisans, curators and other players involved in the art world. It covers the evolution of the artist's role from craftsman to independent artist and discusses artistic production processes and mediums used. Key points include how art involves collaboration, the interpretive role of curators, and that the creative process is not always linear while allowing flexibility within guiding principles.
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Introduction
This document summarizes the introduction to a course on classical mythology. It outlines that the course introduction has three main sections: 1) defining classical mythology, 2) difficulties in studying classical mythology, and 3) the format and approach of the course. The course will provide synopses of myths, examine their cultural context, and discuss larger issues represented by the myths.
The Middle Ages in EuropeTen centuries from the fall of Ro.docx
The Middle Ages in Europe
Ten centuries from the fall of Rome to 1400, the beginning of the Renaissance are called the dark times.
But this is when Western Art found its footings. All systems for constructing architectural structures
were already created Almost all human activities were under the dogmatic rule of the Church.
Everything was for church use and everything was under church control.
Head of Constantine, made of marble, 312 ce, is an image of empirical majesty, the prominent nose
and chin undoubtedly reproduce Constantine’s distinctive features. But the overall style is far from
the naturalism of earlier Roman portraits. Exaggerated, stylized eyes stare out from geometric sockets
under an abstracted representation of hair, the eyes expressed inner spiritual life.
-Catacombs-sacred burial areas where Romans would not pursue Christians.
The earliest Christian Art was simplified interpretation of Greco-Roman figure paintings. The emphasis was on storytelling
through images of Christ and other biblical features as well as through Christian symbols. The background was usually white
for better visibility in the dark tunnels with red and green lines dividing scenes. Lively and energetic figures were rendered in
quick brush strokes.
Christianity needed a fundamentally different kind of building, the one that could contain a lot
of people. As public gathering places for large groups Christians were using Roman basilica..
Basilica was basically a long rectangular hall. The long central nave ends in the apse, where
Christians placed the alter.
ROMANESQUE ART
-Stylistic name, not historical period
-It means: “like Roman architecture”
In 5th century, the Roman Empire collapsed. Two forces influence art at
that time:
Barbarian - grotesque, mythological, supernatural images. Christian
Church - life after death, images of Jesus Christ’s was the most dominate
part of the images. The Madonna and Child was the most popular of
images. By the 8th century, these two elements begin to merge.
Sculpture
-Relief images were carved in portals (entry ways)
-Relief carvings in tympanum
Most of the art was created by monks and priests. Church sponsored the
creation of art in bronze, wood, copper, ivory, etc, but painting was the
most important art because it was cheaper and faster than other media. Wall
paintings were painted in decorative heavy lines - contour, which influenced
the art of stained glass later in the Gothic period. Gregorian chants and organ
music was enhanced by the acoustical properties of the vault architecture.
Art and architecture was heavy and not sophisticated. The massive nature of the work is the most recognizable feature of
Romanesque. The pointed arch opened the door to a new dominance style known as Gothic.
The art of early Christian was affected by controversy between those
who followed biblical prohibition against the making of images and
those who wanted pictures to help tell the sacred stori ...
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Chapter 4 Describing ArtFormal Analysis, Types, and Styles of
Chapter 4: Describing Art
Formal Analysis, Types, and Styles of Art
LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Employ a vocabulary of art specific terms and critical approaches to conduct a formal analysis of works of art.
• Identify different types of art based on the degree of representation or nonrepresentation a work displays.
• Distinguish between variations of representational qualities within a work of art.
• Identify characteristics that relate an individual or group of works to a cultural style, stylistic movement or period, or an individual artist’s style.
Elements and Principles of Design
Line – expressive, implied
Shape – organic, geometric, hard- or soft-edged
Volume has three dimensions: length, width, and height
Mass is the quantity of matter, often meaning its weight
Texture – actual or implied
Color – saturation, brightness, primary, secondary, scheme
(complementary, analogous, monochromatic)
Perspective – linear, atmospheric
Unity/Variety
Balance – symmetrical, asymmetrical
Emphasis/movement
Rhythm/repetition
Formal or critical analysis
A formal of critical analysis an examination of …
the elements and principles of design
present in an artwork and
the process of deriving meaning from
how those elements and principles are used
the ways the visual artist attempts to communicate a
concept,
idea, or
emotion
Representational or Non-representational
Representational art is a visual reference to the experiential world. The range of representational art is labeled as
naturalistic,
idealized, or
abstract
Non-representational or Non-objective is art that does not attempt to present an aspect of the recognizable world. Instead of suggesting a narrative by depicting objects meaning in non-objective art is communicated through shapes, colors, textures, and other elements and principles of design.
Style
can refer to the general appearance of a work or a group of works that were created in accordance with a specific set of principles about form or appearance.
can refer to the art as a whole that was made during a particular era and within a certain culture.
does the artwork belong to a more specific stylistic movement? Italian Renaissance? Realism? Abstract Expressionism?
can also refer to how elements and principles of design are employed by an individual artist: the visual features of that artist’s work and their characteristics when using a given medium.
Four Aspects of a Formal Analysis
Description – describe the use of visual elements.
Analysis – how are the elements arranged, describe the artist’s use of the principles of design.
Interpretation – the combination of what an object symbolizes to the artist and what it means to the viewer.
Evaluation – judging whether a work of art is successful given what you have understood from your description, analysis, and interpretation. Using steps 1-3 above can you justify your emotionally response (joyful, disturbing, calm, energeti ...
Intro
This document provides an introduction to key art historical terms used to analyze works of art, including form, content, and formal elements like line, shape, color, value, texture, mass, and composition. It explains that form refers to the visual appearance, while content refers to the implied meaning. Various examples are given to illustrate the use of these terms, such as analyzing Michelangelo's David in terms of its organic lines, lack of color, and balanced composition, while its subject is a muscular young man and its content references the biblical story of David. The document also reviews concepts from Art History I like idealized representations in ancient Greek art, portraiture in Roman art, abstraction in Christian art, increased naturalism in
Renaissance PowerPoint.ppt
The document discusses key aspects of the Renaissance period in Europe such as its start in Italy in the 14th century, lasting approximately 250 years. It brought about major political, social, economic and cultural changes through a rebirth of learning with influences from classical antiquity. Prominent figures like da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael helped spread Renaissance ideas and artistic techniques through their highly realistic paintings, sculptures, and architecture which often featured religious or classical themes focusing on individual humans and emotion. The widespread use of the printing press also helped increase literacy and spread of ideas across Europe during this time.
Part I From the following list of questions, choose TWO to
Part I: From the following list of questions, choose
TWO
to answer.
1) Explore the religious beliefs of both the ancient Sumerians and Egyptians. Citing examples, explain how their religion influenced their architectural designs and other artwork.
2) Discuss the cave paintings from the
Wall Painting of Animals
from Chauvet Cave and
Great Gallery
at Horseshoe Canyon, Utah. Why are these two sites so important? What are the major differences between the two sites and the artwork depicted within them?
3) Describe and discuss the development of Early Christian church architecture. Cite examples.
4) The Romans are admired for their achievements in engineering and architecture. One of their crowning achievements is the
Pantheon
. Describe the unique characteristics and discuss the significance of this building. How did it influence future architectural designs?
5) Compare and contrast Romanesque and Gothic architecture. Cite examples of both styles and discuss the specific characteristics of each style.
6) Describe the three main stages of Greek civilization. Citing examples, discuss the artistic characteristics of each.
7) What led to the development of the Neolithic art? How would these changes affect the images created? Compare and contrast Paleolithic and Neolithic art.
Part II
: Of all the various art historical styles from Pre-History through the Medieval West era, which do you feel is the most interesting and why? Have you seen evidence or influences of these styles in current, daily life? If so, how or where?
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How To Write A Professional Essay.pdf
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Question 1 Monumental Architecture and SculptureThe culture.docx
Question 1: Monumental Architecture and Sculpture
The cultures we studied this week produced architecture and monumental sculpture, in addition to smaller works of art. Locate three examples of architecture or monumental sculpture from three different cultures listed here: India, China, Japan, Korea, or the Pacific Cultures.
First, completely identify each structure or sculpture you would like to discuss by listing its name, date, and location.
In a minimum of 3 well-developed paragraphs address the following questions:
Who created each work of architecture or sculpture? Who commissioned its creation?
What historical events or social or cultural influences affected the creation of each work?
How do the visual characteristics of each work contribute to or enhance its message or meaning?
How do the reasons these works were created compare with those of a more modern example of monumental art work, such as Mount Rushmore, the 9/11 Memorial, etc.?
Be sure to explain your ideas clearly and support them by discussing specific details about each work of architecture or monumental sculpture.
Question 2: The Function of Art Objects
Some of the art objects created by the cultures surveyed this week, whether African masks, Japanese tea bowls, or Micronesian navigational charts, served functional roles in their society. Locate three such objects, one each from the following: Asia, Africa, or the Pacific Cultures.
First, completely identify each object you would like to discuss by listing its name, date, and location.
In a minimum of 2 well-developed paragraphs discuss:
What was the function of each object at the time of its creation?
What historical events or social or cultural influences affected the creation of each work?
How do the visual characteristics of each object contribute to or enhance our understanding of its meaning?
Be sure to explain your ideas clearly and support them by discussing specific details about each work.
Respond to
both
questions as thoroughly as possible, making sure to use information from the readings and the lectures. All responses should be in complete sentence form, using proper spelling and grammar.
...
Iconographic Analysis
Iconographic Analysis
By: Karl Estrova Narcisso, Benna Mae Canlas, Relyn Mae Bongat, Bryan Sodoy
-Iconography
-The Great Mother
-Christian Iconography
-History of Iconography
2022
QuestionConsider an artwork, or an artifact from your Ham.docx
This document provides information about an introductory course that examines how images shape cultural perceptions from both historical and modern perspectives. The course will analyze various socio-cultural constructs through critical lenses like Berger's Ways of Seeing and theories about ancient aliens and their influence on human development. Students will explore intersections of religion, mythology, science, and the idea of government cover-ups. They are prompted to write a 3-4 page paper on a work of art or scene from a film, describing it and analyzing how the artist blurs boundaries between life and art or object and behavior, addressing notions of mystification and culture. They must cite references from required course readings.
Good Versus Evil Essay.pdf
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QUESTION The BP Pipeline case is a complex situational case abo.docx
QUESTION:
The BP Pipeline case is a complex situational case about the actions of individuals and the practices of a large corporation.
At the heart of the dispute over whether or not BP acted with gross negligence and wilful misconduct in the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster is the “swiss cheese” model of complex accidents.
Hazardous activities are guarded against by multiple barriers and so long as any failures are scattered through them, the system as a whole will avoid an accident.
Research more into this topic and p
repare a 2-3 page paper that adequately addresses the the ethical and environmental issues in this case. Be sure to s
ummarize the BP Pipeline Case regarding Ethical Behaviors and Decision-Making.
.
Question Properties of life and recognizing living and nonliving .docx
Question:
Properties of life and recognizing living and nonliving things.
Consider the properties and characteristics of life. Choose two items (one of which is alive or has been alive and one which has never been alive). Compare and contrast their characteristics. What characteristics do they share and how are they different? Be prepared to discuss the importance of the various characteristics of living things and how their combination makes life an emergent part of the universe.
.
Question After reading the first 10 chapters and the economic n.docx
Question: After reading the first 10 chapters and the economic news from the major newspaper such as the Wall Street Journal, New York Times, the Economist and the like, please write a three page paper to explain the three main goal of macroeconomics in the United States and make a diagnosis of the current state of the American economy.
-Economic Report
-
Remember that the report must be at least 3 pages long.
-
You must provide the reference for each of the source used in the paper
-
Please do not use Wikipedia and other open source
.
Question Answer any TEN of the following questions.1. How are.docx
Question: Answer any TEN of the following questions.
1. How are multiplexers different from switchers?
2. Name the basic types of multiplexers?
3. Name the advanced features that can be incorporate into multiplexers.
4. Describe the principle of time division multiplexing.
5. Describe the significance of camera ID number in case of multiplexing operation.
6. Describe how a quad multiplexer works.
7. What do you understand by picture in a picture in relation to multiplexer.
8. Explain how a multi-picture mosaic display is generated.
9. Why do you need encoder and decoder along with multiplexer?
10. Describe the concept of time lapse recording mode.
11. Compare the performance of duplex multiplexer with that of triplex multiplexer.
12. How is digital recording different from analog recording?
13. Describe how video motion detection can be incorporated in to a multiplexer.
14. What external alarm sensors can be incorporated in to multiplexer?
15. Describe the concept of remote distributed multiplexing.
4 pages
.
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ARTH10 Take-home questions for final examINSTRUCTIONS Select .docx
ARTH10 Take-home questions for final exam
INSTRUCTIONS: Select one (1) of the following questions and answer it in a 3 page typed essay (double spaced). You can go over this length if you need to, as long is the extra space isn’t taken up by repeating points/facts you’ve already given, or “padding” the answer with things irrelevant to the question. Give the question number or repeat the question at the beginning of the essay so I know which question you are attempting to answer. Use your textbook and class notes as sources. You can use other sources (books or magazine/journal articles) as well if you want to, but because of the inaccurate and often just plain crazy nature of many internet sources, I would prefer you not use electronic sources.
THIS ESSAY NEEDS TO BE IN YOUR OWN WORDS. If you quote your textbook or another source directly (word for word) to back up an argument or illustrate a point, you need to put the author’s words in quotation marks. CHANGING ONE OR TWO WORDS DOES NOT MAKE IT YOUR OWN! When you use a direct quote this way, you need to say from what source and where in that source you are taking the quote. You can do this either by using footnotes, end notes, or parenthetical citations. In a footnote, you provide the source of the quote at the bottom of the page, with a number for each quote, inserted at the end of the quote and reproduced with the source at the bottom of the page. Most word processing programs have an automatic feature to insert a footnote after your quote (in Microsoft Word scroll down under “Insert,” click on “Reference,” and select “Footnote”). So after the first quote you will have a small number 1, and at the bottom of the page the first footnote giving the source with the following information: author, title (italicized), then in parentheses place of publication followed by a colon, then the publisher and the date, then close parentheses and provide the page number of your quote. For example:
1 Mary Ellen Miller, The Art of Mesoamerica: from Olmec to Aztec. 4th Edition. (London/New York: Thames and Hudson, 2006), p. 46.
If you use end notes, the source of each quote will be numbered as well, but listed at the end of the text of your essay. Use the same format for describing sources. If you use parenthetical citations, after each quote, in your text, put the last name of the author, the date, a colon, and the page number, so at the end of the quote would be (Miller 2006: 46). If you use parenthetical citations, than you need to list the full information for each source you use in a list of references at the end of your paper. You can title this list References Cited or Bibliography. For each book or published source you use, give the author (last name first), title, edition, place of publication, and date. So:
Miller, Mary Ellen. The Art of Mesoamerica. 4th Edition. London/New York: Thames and Hudson, 2006.
You can also use footnotes, end notes, or parenthetical citations to provide the sourc.
Copy_of_GEC_123_WK4-WK5.pptx
This document discusses various aspects of art including subject, content, form, types of subjects (representational vs. non-representational), sources of subjects in art, and the roles of artists, artisans, curators and other players involved in the art world. It covers the evolution of the artist's role from craftsman to independent artist and discusses artistic production processes and mediums used. Key points include how art involves collaboration, the interpretive role of curators, and that the creative process is not always linear while allowing flexibility within guiding principles.
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Introduction
This document summarizes the introduction to a course on classical mythology. It outlines that the course introduction has three main sections: 1) defining classical mythology, 2) difficulties in studying classical mythology, and 3) the format and approach of the course. The course will provide synopses of myths, examine their cultural context, and discuss larger issues represented by the myths.
The Middle Ages in EuropeTen centuries from the fall of Ro.docx
The Middle Ages in Europe
Ten centuries from the fall of Rome to 1400, the beginning of the Renaissance are called the dark times.
But this is when Western Art found its footings. All systems for constructing architectural structures
were already created Almost all human activities were under the dogmatic rule of the Church.
Everything was for church use and everything was under church control.
Head of Constantine, made of marble, 312 ce, is an image of empirical majesty, the prominent nose
and chin undoubtedly reproduce Constantine’s distinctive features. But the overall style is far from
the naturalism of earlier Roman portraits. Exaggerated, stylized eyes stare out from geometric sockets
under an abstracted representation of hair, the eyes expressed inner spiritual life.
-Catacombs-sacred burial areas where Romans would not pursue Christians.
The earliest Christian Art was simplified interpretation of Greco-Roman figure paintings. The emphasis was on storytelling
through images of Christ and other biblical features as well as through Christian symbols. The background was usually white
for better visibility in the dark tunnels with red and green lines dividing scenes. Lively and energetic figures were rendered in
quick brush strokes.
Christianity needed a fundamentally different kind of building, the one that could contain a lot
of people. As public gathering places for large groups Christians were using Roman basilica..
Basilica was basically a long rectangular hall. The long central nave ends in the apse, where
Christians placed the alter.
ROMANESQUE ART
-Stylistic name, not historical period
-It means: “like Roman architecture”
In 5th century, the Roman Empire collapsed. Two forces influence art at
that time:
Barbarian - grotesque, mythological, supernatural images. Christian
Church - life after death, images of Jesus Christ’s was the most dominate
part of the images. The Madonna and Child was the most popular of
images. By the 8th century, these two elements begin to merge.
Sculpture
-Relief images were carved in portals (entry ways)
-Relief carvings in tympanum
Most of the art was created by monks and priests. Church sponsored the
creation of art in bronze, wood, copper, ivory, etc, but painting was the
most important art because it was cheaper and faster than other media. Wall
paintings were painted in decorative heavy lines - contour, which influenced
the art of stained glass later in the Gothic period. Gregorian chants and organ
music was enhanced by the acoustical properties of the vault architecture.
Art and architecture was heavy and not sophisticated. The massive nature of the work is the most recognizable feature of
Romanesque. The pointed arch opened the door to a new dominance style known as Gothic.
The art of early Christian was affected by controversy between those
who followed biblical prohibition against the making of images and
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Greece Essay Outline
The document provides instructions for creating an account and submitting a paper writing request on the website HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with an email and password. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Receive the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied. 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, and the website guarantees original, high-quality content or a full refund.
Chapter 4 Describing ArtFormal Analysis, Types, and Styles of
Chapter 4: Describing Art
Formal Analysis, Types, and Styles of Art
LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Employ a vocabulary of art specific terms and critical approaches to conduct a formal analysis of works of art.
• Identify different types of art based on the degree of representation or nonrepresentation a work displays.
• Distinguish between variations of representational qualities within a work of art.
• Identify characteristics that relate an individual or group of works to a cultural style, stylistic movement or period, or an individual artist’s style.
Elements and Principles of Design
Line – expressive, implied
Shape – organic, geometric, hard- or soft-edged
Volume has three dimensions: length, width, and height
Mass is the quantity of matter, often meaning its weight
Texture – actual or implied
Color – saturation, brightness, primary, secondary, scheme
(complementary, analogous, monochromatic)
Perspective – linear, atmospheric
Unity/Variety
Balance – symmetrical, asymmetrical
Emphasis/movement
Rhythm/repetition
Formal or critical analysis
A formal of critical analysis an examination of …
the elements and principles of design
present in an artwork and
the process of deriving meaning from
how those elements and principles are used
the ways the visual artist attempts to communicate a
concept,
idea, or
emotion
Representational or Non-representational
Representational art is a visual reference to the experiential world. The range of representational art is labeled as
naturalistic,
idealized, or
abstract
Non-representational or Non-objective is art that does not attempt to present an aspect of the recognizable world. Instead of suggesting a narrative by depicting objects meaning in non-objective art is communicated through shapes, colors, textures, and other elements and principles of design.
Style
can refer to the general appearance of a work or a group of works that were created in accordance with a specific set of principles about form or appearance.
can refer to the art as a whole that was made during a particular era and within a certain culture.
does the artwork belong to a more specific stylistic movement? Italian Renaissance? Realism? Abstract Expressionism?
can also refer to how elements and principles of design are employed by an individual artist: the visual features of that artist’s work and their characteristics when using a given medium.
Four Aspects of a Formal Analysis
Description – describe the use of visual elements.
Analysis – how are the elements arranged, describe the artist’s use of the principles of design.
Interpretation – the combination of what an object symbolizes to the artist and what it means to the viewer.
Evaluation – judging whether a work of art is successful given what you have understood from your description, analysis, and interpretation. Using steps 1-3 above can you justify your emotionally response (joyful, disturbing, calm, energeti ...
Intro
This document provides an introduction to key art historical terms used to analyze works of art, including form, content, and formal elements like line, shape, color, value, texture, mass, and composition. It explains that form refers to the visual appearance, while content refers to the implied meaning. Various examples are given to illustrate the use of these terms, such as analyzing Michelangelo's David in terms of its organic lines, lack of color, and balanced composition, while its subject is a muscular young man and its content references the biblical story of David. The document also reviews concepts from Art History I like idealized representations in ancient Greek art, portraiture in Roman art, abstraction in Christian art, increased naturalism in
Renaissance PowerPoint.ppt
The document discusses key aspects of the Renaissance period in Europe such as its start in Italy in the 14th century, lasting approximately 250 years. It brought about major political, social, economic and cultural changes through a rebirth of learning with influences from classical antiquity. Prominent figures like da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael helped spread Renaissance ideas and artistic techniques through their highly realistic paintings, sculptures, and architecture which often featured religious or classical themes focusing on individual humans and emotion. The widespread use of the printing press also helped increase literacy and spread of ideas across Europe during this time.
Part I From the following list of questions, choose TWO to
Part I: From the following list of questions, choose
TWO
to answer.
1) Explore the religious beliefs of both the ancient Sumerians and Egyptians. Citing examples, explain how their religion influenced their architectural designs and other artwork.
2) Discuss the cave paintings from the
Wall Painting of Animals
from Chauvet Cave and
Great Gallery
at Horseshoe Canyon, Utah. Why are these two sites so important? What are the major differences between the two sites and the artwork depicted within them?
3) Describe and discuss the development of Early Christian church architecture. Cite examples.
4) The Romans are admired for their achievements in engineering and architecture. One of their crowning achievements is the
Pantheon
. Describe the unique characteristics and discuss the significance of this building. How did it influence future architectural designs?
5) Compare and contrast Romanesque and Gothic architecture. Cite examples of both styles and discuss the specific characteristics of each style.
6) Describe the three main stages of Greek civilization. Citing examples, discuss the artistic characteristics of each.
7) What led to the development of the Neolithic art? How would these changes affect the images created? Compare and contrast Paleolithic and Neolithic art.
Part II
: Of all the various art historical styles from Pre-History through the Medieval West era, which do you feel is the most interesting and why? Have you seen evidence or influences of these styles in current, daily life? If so, how or where?
...
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Question 1 Monumental Architecture and SculptureThe culture.docx
Question 1: Monumental Architecture and Sculpture
The cultures we studied this week produced architecture and monumental sculpture, in addition to smaller works of art. Locate three examples of architecture or monumental sculpture from three different cultures listed here: India, China, Japan, Korea, or the Pacific Cultures.
First, completely identify each structure or sculpture you would like to discuss by listing its name, date, and location.
In a minimum of 3 well-developed paragraphs address the following questions:
Who created each work of architecture or sculpture? Who commissioned its creation?
What historical events or social or cultural influences affected the creation of each work?
How do the visual characteristics of each work contribute to or enhance its message or meaning?
How do the reasons these works were created compare with those of a more modern example of monumental art work, such as Mount Rushmore, the 9/11 Memorial, etc.?
Be sure to explain your ideas clearly and support them by discussing specific details about each work of architecture or monumental sculpture.
Question 2: The Function of Art Objects
Some of the art objects created by the cultures surveyed this week, whether African masks, Japanese tea bowls, or Micronesian navigational charts, served functional roles in their society. Locate three such objects, one each from the following: Asia, Africa, or the Pacific Cultures.
First, completely identify each object you would like to discuss by listing its name, date, and location.
In a minimum of 2 well-developed paragraphs discuss:
What was the function of each object at the time of its creation?
What historical events or social or cultural influences affected the creation of each work?
How do the visual characteristics of each object contribute to or enhance our understanding of its meaning?
Be sure to explain your ideas clearly and support them by discussing specific details about each work.
Respond to
both
questions as thoroughly as possible, making sure to use information from the readings and the lectures. All responses should be in complete sentence form, using proper spelling and grammar.
...
Iconographic Analysis
Iconographic Analysis
By: Karl Estrova Narcisso, Benna Mae Canlas, Relyn Mae Bongat, Bryan Sodoy
-Iconography
-The Great Mother
-Christian Iconography
-History of Iconography
2022
QuestionConsider an artwork, or an artifact from your Ham.docx
This document provides information about an introductory course that examines how images shape cultural perceptions from both historical and modern perspectives. The course will analyze various socio-cultural constructs through critical lenses like Berger's Ways of Seeing and theories about ancient aliens and their influence on human development. Students will explore intersections of religion, mythology, science, and the idea of government cover-ups. They are prompted to write a 3-4 page paper on a work of art or scene from a film, describing it and analyzing how the artist blurs boundaries between life and art or object and behavior, addressing notions of mystification and culture. They must cite references from required course readings.
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ARTH10 Take-home questions for final examINSTRUCTIONS Select .docx
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The Middle Ages in EuropeTen centuries from the fall of Ro.docx
Chapter 4 Describing ArtFormal Analysis, Types, and Styles of
Chapter 4 Describing ArtFormal Analysis, Types, and Styles of
Part I From the following list of questions, choose TWO to
Part I From the following list of questions, choose TWO to
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Question 1 Monumental Architecture and SculptureThe culture.docx
Question 1 Monumental Architecture and SculptureThe culture.docx
QuestionConsider an artwork, or an artifact from your Ham.docx
QuestionConsider an artwork, or an artifact from your Ham.docx
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QUESTION The BP Pipeline case is a complex situational case abo.docx
QUESTION:
The BP Pipeline case is a complex situational case about the actions of individuals and the practices of a large corporation.
At the heart of the dispute over whether or not BP acted with gross negligence and wilful misconduct in the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster is the “swiss cheese” model of complex accidents.
Hazardous activities are guarded against by multiple barriers and so long as any failures are scattered through them, the system as a whole will avoid an accident.
Research more into this topic and p
repare a 2-3 page paper that adequately addresses the the ethical and environmental issues in this case. Be sure to s
ummarize the BP Pipeline Case regarding Ethical Behaviors and Decision-Making.
.
Question Properties of life and recognizing living and nonliving .docx
Question:
Properties of life and recognizing living and nonliving things.
Consider the properties and characteristics of life. Choose two items (one of which is alive or has been alive and one which has never been alive). Compare and contrast their characteristics. What characteristics do they share and how are they different? Be prepared to discuss the importance of the various characteristics of living things and how their combination makes life an emergent part of the universe.
.
Question After reading the first 10 chapters and the economic n.docx
Question: After reading the first 10 chapters and the economic news from the major newspaper such as the Wall Street Journal, New York Times, the Economist and the like, please write a three page paper to explain the three main goal of macroeconomics in the United States and make a diagnosis of the current state of the American economy.
-Economic Report
-
Remember that the report must be at least 3 pages long.
-
You must provide the reference for each of the source used in the paper
-
Please do not use Wikipedia and other open source
.
Question Answer any TEN of the following questions.1. How are.docx
Question: Answer any TEN of the following questions.
1. How are multiplexers different from switchers?
2. Name the basic types of multiplexers?
3. Name the advanced features that can be incorporate into multiplexers.
4. Describe the principle of time division multiplexing.
5. Describe the significance of camera ID number in case of multiplexing operation.
6. Describe how a quad multiplexer works.
7. What do you understand by picture in a picture in relation to multiplexer.
8. Explain how a multi-picture mosaic display is generated.
9. Why do you need encoder and decoder along with multiplexer?
10. Describe the concept of time lapse recording mode.
11. Compare the performance of duplex multiplexer with that of triplex multiplexer.
12. How is digital recording different from analog recording?
13. Describe how video motion detection can be incorporated in to a multiplexer.
14. What external alarm sensors can be incorporated in to multiplexer?
15. Describe the concept of remote distributed multiplexing.
4 pages
.
Question 6What is stakeholder theory Explain.Your respons.docx
Question 6
What is stakeholder theory? Explain.
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Course Textbook
Hartman, L. P., DesJardins, J., & MacDonald, C. (2014).
Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity & social responsibility
(3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
.
Question 6 Explain the significance of gatekeepers. Your respons.docx
Question 6
Explain the significance of gatekeepers.
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Course Textbook
Hartman, L. P., DesJardins, J., & MacDonald, C. (2014).
Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity & social responsibility
(3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
.
Question 4The stockholders’ equity section of Tootsie Roll Indus.docx
Question 4
The stockholders’ equity section of
Tootsie Roll Industries’
balance sheet is shown in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.
(Note that Tootsie Roll has two classes of common stock. To answer the following questions, add the two classes of stock together.)
TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
Earnings, Comprehensive Earnings and Retained Earnings (in thousands except per share data)
For the year ended December 31,
2011
2010
2009
Net product sales
$528,369
$517,149
$495,592
Rental and royalty revenue
4,136
4,299
3,739
Total revenue
532,505
521,448
499,331
Product cost of goods sold
365,225
349,334
319,775
Rental and royalty cost
1,038
1,088
852
Total costs
366,263
350,422
320,627
Product gross margin
163,144
167,815
175,817
Rental and royalty gross margin
3,098
3,211
2,887
Total gross margin
166,242
171,026
178,704
Selling, marketing and administrative expenses
108,276
106,316
103,755
Impairment charges
—
—
14,000
Earnings from operations
57,966
64,710
60,949
Other income (expense), net
2,946
8,358
2,100
Earnings before income taxes
60,912
73,068
63,049
Provision for income taxes
16,974
20,005
9,892
Net earnings
$43,938
$53,063
$53,157
Net earnings
$43,938
$53,063
$53,157
Other comprehensive earnings (loss)
(8,740
)
1,183
2,845
Comprehensive earnings
$35,198
$54,246
$56,002
Retained earnings at beginning of year.
$135,866
$147,687
$144,949
Net earnings
43,938
53,063
53,157
Cash dividends
(18,360
)
(18,078
)
(17,790
)
Stock dividends
(47,175
)
(46,806
)
(32,629
)
Retained earnings at end of year
$114,269
$135,866
$147,687
Earnings per share
$0.76
$0.90
$0.89
Average Common and Class B Common shares outstanding
57,892
58,685
59,425
(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
Financial Position
TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (in thousands except per share data)
Assets
December 31,
2011
2010
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents
$78,612
$115,976
Investments
10,895
7,996
Accounts receivable trade, less allowances of $1,731 and $1,531
41,895
37,394
Other receivables
3,391
9,961
Inventories:
Finished goods and work-in-process
42,676
35,416
Raw materials and supplies
29,084
21,236
Prepaid expenses
5,070
6,499
Deferred income taxes
578
689
Total current assets
212,201
235,167
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, at cost:
Land
21,939
21,696
Buildings
107,567
102,934
Machinery and equipment
322,993
307,178
Construction in progress
2,598
9,243
455,097
440,974
Less—Accumulated depreciation
242,935
225,482
Net property, plant and equipmen.
Question 5. Look how great we are doing,” said Sawyer Mittlestaed.docx
Question 5.
“Look how great we are doing,” said Sawyer Mittlestaedt, president of Elliott Company. “Our sales have grown from $1.6 million to $2.0 million this year, we about doubled our warehouse space, and we have more cash in the bank than we started with. A few more years of growth like this and we’ll be tops in the industry.”
“Yes, our statements look pretty good,” replied Endia Bush, the company’s vice president for finance. “But I have concerns that we’re doing business with a lot of companies we don’t know much about. But I do agree, we’re certainly selling a lot of merchandise; our inventory is actually down from last year.”
See statements on next page.
Elliott Company
Comparative Balance Sheets
At December 31, 2015 and 2014
2015
2014
Assets
Current assets:
Cash.
$42,000
$ 27,000
15000 incr
Marketable securities
19,000
13,000
Accounts receivable.
710,000
530,000
Inventory
848,000
860,000
Prepaid expenses
10,000
5,000
Total current assets
1,435,000
1,629,000
Long-term investments
60,000
110,000
Loans to subsidiaries
130,000
80,000
Plant and equipment
3,170,000
2,600,000
Less accumulated depreciation
810,000
755,000
Net plant and equipment
2,360,000
1,845,000
Patents
84,000
90,000
Total assets
$4,263,000
$3,560,000
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities
:
Accounts payable
$ 970,000
$ 670,000
Accrued liabilities
65,000
82,000
Total current liabilities
1,035,000
752,000
Long-term Bonds Payable
820,000
600,000
Notes payable
95,000
80,000
Total liabilities
1,950,000
1,432,000
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock
1,740,000
1,650,000
Retained earnings .
573,000
478,000
Total stockholders’ equity
2,313,000
2,128,000
Total liabilities and stock
$4,263,000
3,560,000
Elliott’s income statement for 2015 follows
Sales
$2,000,000
Cost of goods sold
1,300,000
Gross profit
700,000
Selling and administrative expenses
490,000
Net operating income
210,000
Nonoperating items:
Gain on sale of investments
$60,000
Loss on sale of equipment.
20,000
40,000
Income before taxes
250,000
Income taxes
80,000
Net income
$ 170,000
The following additional information is available about Elliott’s activities during 2015:
Cash dividends declared and paid to the common stockholders totaled $75,000.
Long-term BONDS with a value of $380,000 were repaid during the year.
Equipment was sold during the year for $70,000. The equipment had cost $130,000 and had $40,000 in accumulated depreciation on the date of sale.
Long-term investments were sold during the year for $110,000. These investments had cost $50,000 when purchased several years ago.
5-1. Ms. Bush asks you to prepare a statement of cash flow (indirect method) for 2015.
5-2. What is Elliott’s free cash flow? Interpret your findings.
5-3. Is Elliott Corp. doing as well as its CEO believes? Discuss.
Question 7.
Thompson Co..
Question 5The financial statements of The Hershey Company and .docx
Question 5
The financial statements of
The Hershey Company
and
Tootsie Roll
are presented below.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the years ended December 31,
2011
2010
2009
In thousands of dollars except per share amounts
Net Sales
$6,080,788
$5,671,009
$5,298,668
Costs and Expenses:
Cost of sales
3,548,896
3,255,801
3,245,531
Selling, marketing and administrative
1,477,750
1,426,477
1,208,672
Business realignment and impairment (credits) charges, net
(886
)
83,433
82,875
Total costs and expenses
5,025,760
4,765,711
4,537,078
Income before Interest and Income Taxes
1,055,028
905,298
761,590
Interest expense, net
92,183
96,434
90,459
Income before Income Taxes
962,845
808,864
671,131
Provision for income taxes
333,883
299,065
235,137
Net Income
$628,962
$509,799
$435,994
Net Income Per Share—Basic—Class B Common Stock
$2.58
$2.08
$1.77
Net Income Per Share—Diluted—Class B Common Stock
$2.56
$2.07
$1.77
Net Income Per Share—Basic—Common Stock
$2.85
$2.29
$1.97
Net Income Per Share—Diluted—Common Stock
$2.74
$2.21
$1.90
Cash Dividends Paid Per Share:
Common Stock
$1.3800
$1.2800
$1.1900
Class B Common Stock
1.2500
1.1600
1.0712
The notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements and are included in the Hershey's 2011 Annual Report, available at www.thehersheycompany.com.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
2011
2010
In thousands of dollars
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$693,686
$884,642
Accounts receivable—trade
399,499
390,061
Inventories
648,953
533,622
Deferred income taxes
136,861
55,760
Prepaid expenses and other
167,559
141,132
Total current assets
2,046,558
2,005,217
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
1,559,717
1,437,702
Goodwill
516,745
524,134
Other Intangibles
111,913
123,080
Deferred Income Taxes
38,544
21,387
Other Assets
138,722
161,212
Total assets
$4,412,199
$4,272,732
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable
$420,017
$410,655
Accrued liabilities
612,186
593,308
Accrued income taxes
1,899
9,402
Short-term debt
42,080
24,088
Current portion of long-term debt
97,593
261,392
Total current liabilities
1,173,775
1,298,845
Long-term Debt
1,748,500
1,541,825
Other Long-term Liabilities
617,276
494,461
Total liabilities
3,539,551
3,335,131
Commitments and Contingencies
—
—
Stockholders’ Equity:
The Hershey Company Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred Stock, shares issued: none in 2011 and 2010
—
—
Common Stock, shares issued: 299,269,702 in 2011 and 299,195,325 in 2010
299,269
299,195
Class B Common Stock.
Question 4The stockholders’ equity section of Tootsie Roll Industr.docx
Question 4
The stockholders’ equity section of Tootsie Roll Industries’ balance sheet is shown in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.
(Note that Tootsie Roll has two classes of common stock. To answer the following questions, add the two classes of stock together.)
TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
Earnings, Comprehensive Earnings and Retained Earnings (in thousands except per share data)
For the year ended December 31,
2011
2010
2009
Net product sales
$528,369
$517,149
$495,592
Rental and royalty revenue
4,136
4,299
3,739
Total revenue
532,505
521,448
499,331
Product cost of goods sold
365,225
349,334
319,775
Rental and royalty cost
1,038
1,088
852
Total costs
366,263
350,422
320,627
Product gross margin
163,144
167,815
175,817
Rental and royalty gross margin
3,098
3,211
2,887
Total gross margin
166,242
171,026
178,704
Selling, marketing and administrative expenses
108,276
106,316
103,755
Impairment charges
—
—
14,000
Earnings from operations
57,966
64,710
60,949
Other income (expense), net
2,946
8,358
2,100
Earnings before income taxes
60,912
73,068
63,049
Provision for income taxes
16,974
20,005
9,892
Net earnings
$43,938
$53,063
$53,157
Net earnings
$43,938
$53,063
$53,157
Other comprehensive earnings (loss)
(8,740
)
1,183
2,845
Comprehensive earnings
$35,198
$54,246
$56,002
Retained earnings at beginning of year.
$135,866
$147,687
$144,949
Net earnings
43,938
53,063
53,157
Cash dividends
(18,360
)
(18,078
)
(17,790
)
Stock dividends
(47,175
)
(46,806
)
(32,629
)
Retained earnings at end of year
$114,269
$135,866
$147,687
Earnings per share
$0.76
$0.90
$0.89
Average Common and Class B Common shares outstanding
57,892
58,685
59,425
(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
Financial Position
TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (in thousands except per share data)
Assets
December 31,
2011
2010
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents
$78,612
$115,976
Investments
10,895
7,996
Accounts receivable trade, less allowances of $1,731 and $1,531
41,895
37,394
Other receivables
3,391
9,961
Inventories:
Finished goods and work-in-process
42,676
35,416
Raw materials and supplies
29,084
21,236
Prepaid expenses
5,070
6,499
Deferred income taxes
578
689
Total current assets
212,201
235,167
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, at cost:
Land
21,939
21,696
Buildings
107,567
102,934
Machinery and equipment
322,993
307,178
Construction in progress
2,598
9,243
455,097
440,974
Less—Accumulated depreciation
242,935
225,482
Net property, plant and equipment
.
Question 8The contract interest rate for bondsA.must.docx
Question
8:
The contract interest rate for bonds:
A.
must equal the effective interest rate.
B.
is greater than the effective interest rate when bonds are issued at a premium.
C.
has no relation to the cash flow associated with a particular bond.
D.
will fluctuate over the life of a bond.
E.
None of these.
Question
9:
Frick Corporation issued $100,000 of 7%, 15-year bonds on June 1, 2014 (dated April 1 2014) at 101 plus accrued interest, which is paid on April 1 and October 1.
The proper entry to record issuance of the bonds includes a debit to Cash for:
a.
$100,000.
b.
$101,000.
c.
$101,167.
d.
$102,167.
e.
None of these.
Question
10:
Which of the following statements about treasury stock is true?
a.
Excess of the sales price over cost should be credited to retained earnings.
b.
Gains are not recorded on treasury stock transactions but losses are.
c.
Losses on treasury stock transactions are recorded in income.
d.
Reacquiring treasury stock causes stockholders equity to decrease.
e.
None of these.
Question
11:
Frick Company has 100,000 shares of common stock outstanding. On April 15, the board declared a $.30 dividend to be paid to stockholders of record on May 4.
The dividend was distributed on May 15.
The proper journal entry for Frick Company on May 15 does not include:
a.
a credit to Dividends Payable for $30,000.
b.
a debit to Dividends for $30,000.
c.
a credit to Cash for $30,000.
d.
Both A and B, above.
e.
None of these.
Acct221
Page 4 of 8
Question
12:
In an effort to concentrate its resources in more profitable areas, Frick Corporation recently sold its family pizza restaurant segment.
The disposal constitutes:
a.
an extraodinary item.
b.
a discontinued operation which should be treated as a prior period adjustment.
c.
a discontinued operation which should be disclosed net-of-tax effects.
d.
a portion of income from continuing operations.
e.
None of these.
Question
13:
Frick Corporation has 100,000, 5%, $100 par preferred shares outstanding.
The stock is callable at 102, but was originally issued at 99.
The current dividend has been fully paid.
Total stockholders' equity is $20,000,000.
The residual common equity is:
a.
$20,000,000
b.
$10,100,000
c.
$10,000,000
d.
$9,800,000
e.
None of these.
Question
14:
Frick Company's balance sheet included cash ($4,000,000), accounts receivable ($16,000,000), inventories ($10,000,000), prepaid expenses ($2,000,000), accounts payable ($9,000,000), and accrued expenses ($7,000,000).
These are the only current items.
a.
The quick ratio is 2:1.
b.
The quick ratio is 1.25:1.
c.
The current ratio is 1.875:1.
d.
Both A and C.
e.
None of these.
Question
15:
Selected information for 2014 is: cost of goods sold, $5,400,000; average inventory, $1,800,000; net sales, $7,200,000; average receivables, $960,000; and net income, $720,000.
Assuming a 360-day year, what was the inventory turnover ratio for 2014?
a.
333
b.
3
c.
7.5
d.
20
e.
QUESTION 3A.RetributionB.IncapacitationC.D.docx
QUESTION 3
A.
Retribution
B.
Incapacitation
C.
Determinate Sentencing
D.
Deterrence
E.
Rehabilitation
F.
Restoration
G.
Indeterminate Sentencing
14 points
2 points
.
Question 2A group working at the University of California, Berke.docx
Question 2
A group working at the University of California, Berkeley has developed “nanothermometers,” little nanoparticles that can be injected into cells to measure the temperature in various places in the cell. So far, it has been used in cells growing in a culture dish.
Indicate what you think the group will discover about the temperature in different parts of the cell. Discuss whether you believe it will be the same or different, and explain why.
.
Question 6.Question 7..docx
This very short document contains a list of question numbers but no actual questions or other information. It appears to be an incomplete list that references questions 6 through 9 but provides no details or context about the topic or nature of the questions.
Question 6.docx
Question 6
A.
The tendency to view all things from one’s own perspective, even when there is evidence against one’s position.
B.
Thinking for oneself rather than uncritically accepting the views of others.
C.
Striving to create disciplined thinking as well as holding oneself to the same standards that one holds others to.
D.
The failure to hold oneself to the same intellectual standards that one holds others to.
E.
The tendency to passively accept the views of others and agree with mass positions on issues.
F.
The fear of considering ideas that do not match our own.
G.
The art of thinking about one’s thinking with the goal of improving thinking.
H.
The tendency to think that the world is a better place when people learn to think for themselves, when they draw reasonable conclusions, and when they think logically.
I.
Awareness of the limits of human knowledge and a special focus on being aware of situations in which one is likely to be self-deceived due to native egocentrism.
J.
The tendency to give up the search for truth or understanding when difficult circumstances arise.
K.
The ability to push on in the face of intellectual adversity in order to understand more about the truth of an issue or idea.
L.
The willingness to face ideas and positions on issues that directly threaten our own ideas and beliefs.
M.
The tendency of the human mind to think that it knows more than it does, or that is in possession of the TRUTH.
N.
The tendency to feel threatened by logical thinking and scientific explanation, often the result of fear or the pain involved in analyzing one’s beliefs.
O.
The tendency to ignore other people’s ideas, thought, and feelings because their ideas do not address that with which one is interested.
NEED THIS IN ONE HOUR
.
Question 6.Question 7.Questi.docx
This very short document appears to be a list of question numbers without any accompanying text or context. It includes the numbers 6 through 9 but is missing any explanation of the topic or nature of the questions being referenced.
Question 6.6. Mariel hires Andrew as manager of her sporting goo.docx
Question 6.
6.
Mariel hires Andrew as manager of her sporting goods store. Nothing is said to Andrew about hiring other employees, but the store is understaffed, so Andrew hires two clerks. Andrew has what type of authority to hire the clerks? (Points : 1)
[removed] Actual authority
[removed] Apparent authority
[removed] Ratified authority
[removed] No authority
.
Question 6 Outline the business reasons to limiting monito.docx
Question 6
Outline the business reasons to limiting monitoring.
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Course Textbook
Hartman, L. P., DesJardins, J., & MacDonald, C. (2014).
Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity & social responsibility
(3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
.
Question 6 (1 point)The full child tax credit is available to .docx
Question 6 (1 point)
The full child tax credit is available to unmarried taxpayers whose AGI does not exceed:
$55,000.
$11,000.
$75,000.
$150,000.
$125,000.
Question 7 (1 point)
For tuition expenses paid during the year for a student attending graduate school, an education credit is available that is equal to:
100% of up to $2,500 of such expenses.
20% of up to $2,500 of such expenses.
20% of up to $10,000 of such expenses.
50% of up to $10,000 of such expenses.
$2,000 plus 25% of the next $2,000 of such expenses.
Question 8 (1 point)
The maximum child and dependent care credit that a married couple with three qualifying children can claim is:
Question 8 options:
$2,100.
$1,800.
$3,150.
$1,200.
$2,400.
Question 9 (1 point)
The additional child tax credit is claimed on:
Question 9 options:
Form 2441.
Schedule 8812.
Form 8863.
Schedule EIC.
Form 1116.
Question 10 (1 point)
Which of the following taxpayers cannot file Form 1040EZ?
A taxpayer with more than $99,999 of taxable income
A taxpayer receiving unemployment compensation
A taxpayer with taxable scholarship income
None of the above taxpayers can file Form 1040EZ
All of the above taxpayers can file Form 1040EZ
Question 16 (1 point)
John pays his former wife Rose $3,100 in alimony and $400 in child support each month. Assuming John makes all 12 payments during the year, how much of the $42,000 must Rose include in gross income:
$37,200.
$42,000.
$4,800.
$0.
None of the above.
Question 17 (1 point)
As part of their divorce agreement, Harry transfers to Mary, his former spouse, GM stock with a market value of $30,000. Harry had $20,000 invested in the stock. How does this transfer affect Harry, and what is Mary's basis in the stock?
Harry has no gain or loss, and Mary's basis is $20,000.
Harry has no gain or loss, and Mary's basis is $30,000.
Harry has a gain of $10,000, and Mary's basis is $20,000.
Harry has a gain of $10,000, and Mary's basis is $30,000.
None of the above.
Question 18 (1 point)
Employees are required to report the amount of tips they receive to their employer when their tips for the month exceed:
$0.
$20.
$25.
$100.
None of the above.
Question 19 (1 point)
On January 1, 2014, Ron pays $92,550 for corporate bonds that have a $100,000 face value. The bonds were originally issued 10 years earlier for $94,660. Prior to January 1, 2014, the previous owner had included $3,100 of original issue discount (OID) in gross income. The amount of Ron's market discount on the bonds is:
$2,110.
$7,450.
$5,340
$5,210.
$4,350.
Question 20 (1 point)
In computing the taxable amount of social security benefits, the (first-tier) base amount for a married person who files jointly with her spouse is:
$0.
$16,000.
$25,000.
$32,000.
$50,000.
.
Question 2 of 205.0 PointsPopper’s demarcation criterion of fals.docx
Question 2 of 20
5.0 Points
Popper’s demarcation criterion of falsifiability runs into two difficulties. One of which is:
[removed]
A. historical Zeitgeists.
[removed]
B. scientific theories actually compete with each other as well as with nature.
[removed]
C. it does not agree with the nomological approach.
[removed]
D. fulfilling all your desires without exception.
Question 3 of 20
5.0 Points
In the Hempel and Oppenheim covering-law model of explanation, explanation is basically the same as:
[removed]
A. understanding.
[removed]
B. control.
[removed]
C. prediction.
[removed]
D. superstition.
Question 4 of 20
5.0 Points
Who was the Archaic Greek Philosopher that in essence told his student, “This is how I see things- how I believe things are. Try to improve upon my teaching.”
[removed]
A. Leahey
[removed]
B. Achilles
[removed]
C. Elgin Marbles
[removed]
D. Thales
Question 5 of 20
5.0 Points
According to Thomas Kuhn, most eras in science are dominated by a single
Weltanschauung
called a(n):
[removed]
A. Gestalt.
[removed]
B. research plan.
[removed]
C. paradigm.
[removed]
D. axiom set.
Question 6 of 20
5.0 Points
Like Wittgenstein, the
Weltanschauung
approach to science views science as being:
[removed]
A. essentially rational.
[removed]
B. engaged in the search for truth.
[removed]
C. based on models of nature.
[removed]
D. a form of life.
Question 7 of 20
5.0 Points
In a Kuhn’s view of science, what provides scientists with a blueprint and foundation for scientific enterprises?
[removed]
A. The covering law
[removed]
B. The falsification test
[removed]
C. Anomalies
[removed]
D. A paradigm
Question 8 of 20
5.0 Points
The thesis that unobserved, theoretically postulated entities actually exist is called:
[removed]
A. instrumentalism.
[removed]
B. realism.
[removed]
C. unificationism.
[removed]
D. positivism.
Question 9 of 20
5.0 Points
The most important Greek moral value was
sophrosyne
, which meant:
[removed]
A. finding your true inner personality by asking family to help you.
[removed]
B. fulfilling all your desires without exception.
[removed]
C. private contemplation of the gods.
[removed]
D. self control, the kind that springs from wisdom.
Question 10 of 20
5.0 Points
Imagine the author of a History of Psychology textbook (known as book X) devotes a single chapter to “The Great Men of Psychology.” In contrast, the author of your textbook has sought to place psychology within larger social and historical patterns. One could argue that your history of psychology text represents an example of __________ while text book (X) represents a more __________ dimension.
[removed]
A. externalism; internal
[removed]
B. internalism; external
[removed]
C. a nomological perspective; semantic
[removed]
D. naturalism; deductive
Question 11 of 20
5.0 Points
The "New History" criticizes the "Old History" for:
[removed]
A. presenting history "from below."
[rem.
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