The document provides tips for identifying soil types and managing different soil types in gardens. It outlines a simple test involving digging up soil samples, wetting the soil to form balls, and measuring ribbon lengths to determine if the soil is clay, loam, or sand. For each soil type, it lists advantages and disadvantages and provides recommendations for improving the soil through cultivation, adding organic matter like compost, and mulching. The overall document aims to help gardeners better understand and manage their soil.
Rules of Thumb for Water-Wise Gardening - Sacramento SuburbanFinola87v
This document provides guidance for designing a water-wise garden through proper planning and maintenance. It recommends mapping your garden site to identify sun/shade patterns, slopes, drainage issues, and wind exposure. Gardens should be planned according to water-use zones - high, moderate, low, and no water areas. Lawns should only be placed in areas of heavy use near the house. Alternative low-water groundcovers are suggested over lawns when possible. Proper soil preparation and choosing appropriate plants for each zone are key to a water-efficient garden.
Create Your Own Waterwise Garden - Ipswich, AustraliaKardatou54a
This document provides information and tips for creating a waterwise garden. It discusses designing garden zones based on plant water needs, improving soil quality, choosing appropriate plants, and planning an efficient watering system. The goal is to conserve water while still having an attractive garden. Specific tips include grouping plants by water needs, using mulch to retain soil moisture, composting organic waste to boost soil nutrients, and installing separate irrigation zones to target watering.
A Homeowner’s Guide to A Water Smart Landscape - Water SmartKama158x
This document provides guidance on creating a water efficient landscape. It outlines a 6 step process for homeowners to identify their landscape target, create a plot plan, test their soil, design their water smart landscape, implement their plan, and care for their new landscape. The goal is to select climate appropriate plants and efficient irrigation that saves water compared to a traditional landscape. Professionals can help with design, installation and maintenance.
Water Efficient Landscaping: Preventing Pollution and Using Resources WiselyEric832w
This document discusses water-efficient landscaping. It defines water-efficient landscaping as landscaping that produces attractive landscapes using designs and plants suited to the local climate and conditions, in order to conserve water resources. The document notes that approximately 30% of water usage in the US goes towards outdoor uses like landscaping. It provides an overview of the principles of water-efficient landscaping, including proper planning, soil improvement, appropriate plant and turf selection, efficient irrigation, mulching, and maintenance. The document also discusses the concept of "Xeriscape" landscaping, which was developed to formalize water-efficient landscaping principles.
Waterwise Landscaping: Best Practices Manual - ColoradoFiorella58v
This document is a best practices manual for waterwise landscaping prepared for communities along the Colorado Front Range. It provides guidelines and recommendations for planning, designing, and maintaining water efficient landscapes through principles such as comprehensive site planning, appropriate plant selection, efficient irrigation, and soil improvement. The manual includes plant lists, information on natural landscaping and soils, and a section on calculating a water budget. It aims to educate homeowners on landscape practices that conserve water resources.
Waterwise Guide to Gardening: A Guide to Saving Water in Established GardensFiorella58v
This document provides guidance on saving water in established gardens through proper garden design, plant selection, soil preparation, irrigation methods, and maintenance techniques. Some key points:
- 60-80% of water consumption in the metropolitan area goes to watering lawns and gardens, especially in summer. Proper techniques can significantly reduce water use without harming gardens.
- When designing or redesigning gardens, consolidate planting areas and use mulches and efficient irrigation to minimize water use. Choose plants adapted to local climate with low water needs.
- Prepare soil by improving moisture and nutrient retention through adding organic matter. Group plants by water needs and install irrigation suited to each zone.
- Warm season grasses like
Rules of Thumb for Water-Wise Gardening - Sacramento SuburbanFinola87v
This document provides guidance for designing a water-wise garden through proper planning and maintenance. It recommends mapping your garden site to identify sun/shade patterns, slopes, drainage issues, and wind exposure. Gardens should be planned according to water-use zones - high, moderate, low, and no water areas. Lawns should only be placed in areas of heavy use near the house. Alternative low-water groundcovers are suggested over lawns when possible. Proper soil preparation and choosing appropriate plants for each zone are key to a water-efficient garden.
Create Your Own Waterwise Garden - Ipswich, AustraliaKardatou54a
This document provides information and tips for creating a waterwise garden. It discusses designing garden zones based on plant water needs, improving soil quality, choosing appropriate plants, and planning an efficient watering system. The goal is to conserve water while still having an attractive garden. Specific tips include grouping plants by water needs, using mulch to retain soil moisture, composting organic waste to boost soil nutrients, and installing separate irrigation zones to target watering.
A Homeowner’s Guide to A Water Smart Landscape - Water SmartKama158x
This document provides guidance on creating a water efficient landscape. It outlines a 6 step process for homeowners to identify their landscape target, create a plot plan, test their soil, design their water smart landscape, implement their plan, and care for their new landscape. The goal is to select climate appropriate plants and efficient irrigation that saves water compared to a traditional landscape. Professionals can help with design, installation and maintenance.
Water Efficient Landscaping: Preventing Pollution and Using Resources WiselyEric832w
This document discusses water-efficient landscaping. It defines water-efficient landscaping as landscaping that produces attractive landscapes using designs and plants suited to the local climate and conditions, in order to conserve water resources. The document notes that approximately 30% of water usage in the US goes towards outdoor uses like landscaping. It provides an overview of the principles of water-efficient landscaping, including proper planning, soil improvement, appropriate plant and turf selection, efficient irrigation, mulching, and maintenance. The document also discusses the concept of "Xeriscape" landscaping, which was developed to formalize water-efficient landscaping principles.
Waterwise Landscaping: Best Practices Manual - ColoradoFiorella58v
This document is a best practices manual for waterwise landscaping prepared for communities along the Colorado Front Range. It provides guidelines and recommendations for planning, designing, and maintaining water efficient landscapes through principles such as comprehensive site planning, appropriate plant selection, efficient irrigation, and soil improvement. The manual includes plant lists, information on natural landscaping and soils, and a section on calculating a water budget. It aims to educate homeowners on landscape practices that conserve water resources.
Waterwise Guide to Gardening: A Guide to Saving Water in Established GardensFiorella58v
This document provides guidance on saving water in established gardens through proper garden design, plant selection, soil preparation, irrigation methods, and maintenance techniques. Some key points:
- 60-80% of water consumption in the metropolitan area goes to watering lawns and gardens, especially in summer. Proper techniques can significantly reduce water use without harming gardens.
- When designing or redesigning gardens, consolidate planting areas and use mulches and efficient irrigation to minimize water use. Choose plants adapted to local climate with low water needs.
- Prepare soil by improving moisture and nutrient retention through adding organic matter. Group plants by water needs and install irrigation suited to each zone.
- Warm season grasses like
Waterwise Gardening Manual in the Top End - AustraliaFiorella58v
This document provides tips for waterwise gardening in the Top End region of Australia. Some key points discussed include:
- Up to 65% of water use is for outdoor gardening, so being waterwise in the garden can significantly reduce water consumption.
- Proper planning and choosing suitable plants are important for a waterwise garden. Group plants with similar water needs together.
- Improving soil quality through mulching and organic fertilizers helps the garden retain moisture better. Mulch should be 150mm deep and kept away from plant bases.
- The best time to water gardens is early morning to reduce evaporation. Lawns are large water users so consider reducing lawn areas.
Yard and Garden Water Management - Montana State UniversityFiorella58v
This document provides tips for efficient water management in yards and gardens. It recommends using native plant species that are adapted to the local climate, knowing your soil type and its water holding capacity, and practicing water conservation techniques like drip irrigation, mulching, and watering early in the morning or evening. Proper watering includes applying water slowly to avoid runoff, watering deeply but less frequently, and observing plants for signs they need water like wilting or dull colors.
MI: Oakland County: Planning and Maintaing Residential Rain GardensSotirakou964
The document provides guidance on planning, planting, and maintaining residential rain gardens. It discusses choosing native plant species suited for the local climate, preparing the rain garden site with compost-enriched soil, and ongoing maintenance activities like weeding, mulching, and replanting to keep the garden functioning properly and attractive. The goal is to create functional landscapes that absorb rainwater runoff, filter out pollutants, and provide habitat in a way that mimics natural forest systems. Homeowners are encouraged to plan carefully, use appropriate native plants, and commit to long-term care of their rain gardens.
The existing solid waste management system in Haridwar is deficient and needs improvement to comply with regulations. A proposed project would establish an integrated waste management system including transfer stations, a composting plant, vehicle workshop, and landfill facilities. It would implement source segregation, door-to-door collection, secondary storage, and scientific disposal to manage the city's 213 metric tons per day of waste.
Efficient Irrigation for Water Conservation Guideline - Queensland, AustraliaRetiz16x
This document provides guidelines for efficient irrigation in Queensland to conserve water. It outlines requirements for efficient irrigation systems and sprinklers, including maximum flow rates and timer controls. It also gives guidance on efficient gardening practices like understanding plant water needs, soil types, and choosing drought-tolerant plants. The guidelines help homeowners calculate appropriate watering times to meet water restrictions and consumption targets while still maintaining gardens and lawns.
Creating A Waterwise Landscape - Conservation Garden Park, UtahKardatou54a
The document provides information on creating a more waterwise landscape. It discusses adjusting existing landscapes to be more efficient by improving irrigation systems and making behavioral changes. This includes inspecting sprinklers for problems, improving coverage, and making seasonal schedule adjustments. The document also recommends replacing grass with native plants according to water needs and designing new landscape zones. Overall the recommendations aim to conserve water through both minor tune-ups and more extensive landscape conversions.
Community gardening brings many benefits to urban areas including building community, providing exercise and green space, and increasing access to fresh food. Community gardens can take many forms, such as vegetable plots, children's gardens, or wildlife habitats. They require collaboration from community members and provide opportunities for all ages and abilities to connect with nature and each other.
Approximately 25% of domestic water is used in gardens. Water can be conserved through efficient irrigation methods, soil treatment to allow water penetration, using mulch to reduce evaporation, and good garden design with fewer lawns. Proper watering techniques like watering infrequently but deeply, targeting the root zone, and using soaker hoses or drippers can save water.
This document provides guidance on waterwise and saltwise gardening practices in wheatbelt towns of Western Australia. It discusses how a garden impacts groundwater levels and offers tips to reduce water usage and prevent rising salinity. The document covers understanding soil types and improving soil quality through adding organic matter. It promotes the use of mulch to reduce evaporation and weed growth while protecting plant roots. Plant selection, garden design, efficient watering techniques and revegetation are presented as important strategies for sustainable gardening.
SD: Living Landscapes - A Guide to Native PlantScapingSotirakou964
This document provides an overview of native landscaping principles and practices for South Dakota. It discusses why native landscaping is important by reducing water and maintenance needs while providing attractive, environmentally friendly landscapes. The document outlines steps for planning a native landscape, including assessing the site, developing design alternatives, establishing a budget and schedule. It also covers design considerations, site preparation, choosing appropriate native plants, and maintenance practices for native landscaping in South Dakota.
The document discusses creating a cuttings garden to provide flowers for home use. It notes that a cuttings garden is beneficial when flowers are used in large volumes regularly, as it allows planning supply without impacting landscaping. A cuttings garden should be located conveniently for harvesting, though does not need to be an eyesore. The garden can include annuals, perennials, and other plants that provide interesting flowers with nice shapes, sizes, colors, scents across different seasons for cut arrangements and bouquets.
Homeowner’s Guide to Using Water Wisely - Tucson, ArizonaFujita64g
Tucson residents are encouraged to conserve water as the city receives little rainfall and relies on Colorado River water and groundwater. This guide provides tips on identifying and fixing leaks, installing water-saving fixtures, using water-efficient landscaping and irrigation techniques, and changing indoor and outdoor water use habits to reduce consumption. It explains how to read a water meter to check for leaks and verify billing amounts. Key areas covered include finding and repairing toilet and faucet leaks, using graywater for landscaping, and watering landscapes efficiently.
Xeriscape: a Guide to Developing a Water-Wise Landscape - University of GeorgiaEric851q
This document provides a guide to developing a water-wise landscape using Xeriscape principles. It outlines seven steps: 1) Planning and Design, 2) Soil Analysis, 3) Appropriate Plant Selection, 4) Practical Turf Areas, 5) Efficient Irrigation, 6) Use of Mulches, and 7) Appropriate Maintenance. Implementing some or all of these steps can reduce outdoor water consumption by up to 50% without sacrificing beauty or quality. A water-wise landscape is environmentally friendly and low maintenance, saving both water and money.
This document provides information on creating a water-thrifty landscape through selecting plants adapted to local precipitation patterns, using alternatives to drinking water for irrigation such as rainwater collection, graywater, and air conditioning condensate, and employing efficient irrigation techniques. It discusses selecting drought-tolerant native plants, limiting lawn areas, using mulches to retain soil moisture, and harvesting rainwater through rain barrels or cisterns. The document recommends irrigating only when needed, using a rain gauge or soil moisture probe to determine when to water, and employing drip irrigation or soaker hoses to apply water slowly and directly to plant roots.
Rain Gardens: Stormwater Management in your BackyardSotirakou964
This document summarizes a regional project called "Rain Gardens: Stormwater Management in your Backyard". The project integrates research, education, and extension to promote the use of rain gardens for stormwater management. It began as a course for New Jersey Master Gardeners and has since expanded to other states and territories. The project provides lectures on stormwater issues, BMP design and construction, and monitoring. It also supports research on pollutant removal and community education programs. The goal is to expand rain garden use and disconnect impervious surfaces to improve water quality through stormwater management.
Indonesia Water Supply and Sanitation Magazine. 'PERCIK' Vol 5 August 2004Oswar Mungkasa
This issue of Percik magazine focuses on solid waste as its main feature. Solid waste continues to be a persistent problem in Indonesia despite widespread discussion of cleanliness and health issues. It requires a systematic approach and commitment from all stakeholders, rather than just technical solutions or funding alone. The magazine presents several articles on solid waste management from various experts and practitioners to contribute to common knowledge on waste materials. It also highlights the story of a woman in Jakarta who successfully managed waste in her neighborhood, transforming the area into a green and tourist-friendly place through her perseverance.
The document summarizes Sustank, a modular rainwater harvesting system. Sustank comes in 3 packages - Pebble, Oceania, and Poseidon - with varying features. It collects rainwater, filters it for use, and can monitor water levels, consumption, and share data. Sustank aims to provide a sustainable water source and reduce utility costs through rainwater capture and reuse.
Munch and Crunch Garden: Raised Bed Edible Garden - Kids Grow GardenFaizah68w
This document provides information and resources for creating a "Munch and Crunch Garden" - an edible garden for students aged 9-10 years old. It outlines 7 steps to create the garden, including organizing a team, selecting a site, designing the garden, laying out the design, building structures, preparing the soil, and planting. For each step, it lists specific activities and the learning opportunities they provide for students, such as mapping skills, planning, calculating materials needed, and learning about plant growth. Resources included cover garden design, construction, tools, waterwise gardening, safety, and a planting guide. The goal is for students to learn about food sources, nutrition, sustainability, and experience the satisfaction of growing their
ND: Living Landscapes - A Guide to Native PlantScapingSotirakou964
This document provides an overview of native landscaping principles and practices for North Dakota. It discusses why native landscaping is important as it provides an attractive landscape using less water and maintenance. It also covers planning, design, site preparation, choosing grasses and wildflowers, trees and shrubs, water conservation, maintenance, plant protection, planning for wildlife, rain gardens, and energy conservation. The benefits of native landscaping include lower costs, enhanced wildlife habitat, reduced water and chemical usage, and increased drought tolerance of plantings.
Here are some tips for solving common compost problems:
- Not heating up? It may need more nitrogen. Add grass clippings, manure or other nitrogen-rich materials. Turn it more frequently to add oxygen.
- Smelling bad? It's too wet and not getting enough air. Turn it more often and add dry materials like leaves or shredded paper. Make sure it has good drainage.
- Taking a long time to break down? It may be too coarse or dry. Chop or shred materials smaller. Add water if dry. Turn it regularly to aerate.
- Attracting flies? It's too wet and slimy. Turn it to aerate and add dry materials like leaves
Start New Plants of Right: Smart Watering Will Make A Big DifferenceDanousis85z
Deeper, less frequent watering will help establish healthier plant roots and make plants more resilient to stress. When first planting, water deeply daily or every other day for the first week to establish new roots in the soil. Week two onward, water two to three times per week unless conditions are very hot and dry. After the first year, water deeply once or twice per week depending on soil and conditions, allowing the top soil to dry between waterings to encourage deep root growth. Proper planting and watering should make plants self-sufficient after three years in most cases.
Waterwise Gardening Manual in the Top End - AustraliaFiorella58v
This document provides tips for waterwise gardening in the Top End region of Australia. Some key points discussed include:
- Up to 65% of water use is for outdoor gardening, so being waterwise in the garden can significantly reduce water consumption.
- Proper planning and choosing suitable plants are important for a waterwise garden. Group plants with similar water needs together.
- Improving soil quality through mulching and organic fertilizers helps the garden retain moisture better. Mulch should be 150mm deep and kept away from plant bases.
- The best time to water gardens is early morning to reduce evaporation. Lawns are large water users so consider reducing lawn areas.
Yard and Garden Water Management - Montana State UniversityFiorella58v
This document provides tips for efficient water management in yards and gardens. It recommends using native plant species that are adapted to the local climate, knowing your soil type and its water holding capacity, and practicing water conservation techniques like drip irrigation, mulching, and watering early in the morning or evening. Proper watering includes applying water slowly to avoid runoff, watering deeply but less frequently, and observing plants for signs they need water like wilting or dull colors.
MI: Oakland County: Planning and Maintaing Residential Rain GardensSotirakou964
The document provides guidance on planning, planting, and maintaining residential rain gardens. It discusses choosing native plant species suited for the local climate, preparing the rain garden site with compost-enriched soil, and ongoing maintenance activities like weeding, mulching, and replanting to keep the garden functioning properly and attractive. The goal is to create functional landscapes that absorb rainwater runoff, filter out pollutants, and provide habitat in a way that mimics natural forest systems. Homeowners are encouraged to plan carefully, use appropriate native plants, and commit to long-term care of their rain gardens.
The existing solid waste management system in Haridwar is deficient and needs improvement to comply with regulations. A proposed project would establish an integrated waste management system including transfer stations, a composting plant, vehicle workshop, and landfill facilities. It would implement source segregation, door-to-door collection, secondary storage, and scientific disposal to manage the city's 213 metric tons per day of waste.
Efficient Irrigation for Water Conservation Guideline - Queensland, AustraliaRetiz16x
This document provides guidelines for efficient irrigation in Queensland to conserve water. It outlines requirements for efficient irrigation systems and sprinklers, including maximum flow rates and timer controls. It also gives guidance on efficient gardening practices like understanding plant water needs, soil types, and choosing drought-tolerant plants. The guidelines help homeowners calculate appropriate watering times to meet water restrictions and consumption targets while still maintaining gardens and lawns.
Creating A Waterwise Landscape - Conservation Garden Park, UtahKardatou54a
The document provides information on creating a more waterwise landscape. It discusses adjusting existing landscapes to be more efficient by improving irrigation systems and making behavioral changes. This includes inspecting sprinklers for problems, improving coverage, and making seasonal schedule adjustments. The document also recommends replacing grass with native plants according to water needs and designing new landscape zones. Overall the recommendations aim to conserve water through both minor tune-ups and more extensive landscape conversions.
Community gardening brings many benefits to urban areas including building community, providing exercise and green space, and increasing access to fresh food. Community gardens can take many forms, such as vegetable plots, children's gardens, or wildlife habitats. They require collaboration from community members and provide opportunities for all ages and abilities to connect with nature and each other.
Approximately 25% of domestic water is used in gardens. Water can be conserved through efficient irrigation methods, soil treatment to allow water penetration, using mulch to reduce evaporation, and good garden design with fewer lawns. Proper watering techniques like watering infrequently but deeply, targeting the root zone, and using soaker hoses or drippers can save water.
This document provides guidance on waterwise and saltwise gardening practices in wheatbelt towns of Western Australia. It discusses how a garden impacts groundwater levels and offers tips to reduce water usage and prevent rising salinity. The document covers understanding soil types and improving soil quality through adding organic matter. It promotes the use of mulch to reduce evaporation and weed growth while protecting plant roots. Plant selection, garden design, efficient watering techniques and revegetation are presented as important strategies for sustainable gardening.
SD: Living Landscapes - A Guide to Native PlantScapingSotirakou964
This document provides an overview of native landscaping principles and practices for South Dakota. It discusses why native landscaping is important by reducing water and maintenance needs while providing attractive, environmentally friendly landscapes. The document outlines steps for planning a native landscape, including assessing the site, developing design alternatives, establishing a budget and schedule. It also covers design considerations, site preparation, choosing appropriate native plants, and maintenance practices for native landscaping in South Dakota.
The document discusses creating a cuttings garden to provide flowers for home use. It notes that a cuttings garden is beneficial when flowers are used in large volumes regularly, as it allows planning supply without impacting landscaping. A cuttings garden should be located conveniently for harvesting, though does not need to be an eyesore. The garden can include annuals, perennials, and other plants that provide interesting flowers with nice shapes, sizes, colors, scents across different seasons for cut arrangements and bouquets.
Homeowner’s Guide to Using Water Wisely - Tucson, ArizonaFujita64g
Tucson residents are encouraged to conserve water as the city receives little rainfall and relies on Colorado River water and groundwater. This guide provides tips on identifying and fixing leaks, installing water-saving fixtures, using water-efficient landscaping and irrigation techniques, and changing indoor and outdoor water use habits to reduce consumption. It explains how to read a water meter to check for leaks and verify billing amounts. Key areas covered include finding and repairing toilet and faucet leaks, using graywater for landscaping, and watering landscapes efficiently.
Xeriscape: a Guide to Developing a Water-Wise Landscape - University of GeorgiaEric851q
This document provides a guide to developing a water-wise landscape using Xeriscape principles. It outlines seven steps: 1) Planning and Design, 2) Soil Analysis, 3) Appropriate Plant Selection, 4) Practical Turf Areas, 5) Efficient Irrigation, 6) Use of Mulches, and 7) Appropriate Maintenance. Implementing some or all of these steps can reduce outdoor water consumption by up to 50% without sacrificing beauty or quality. A water-wise landscape is environmentally friendly and low maintenance, saving both water and money.
This document provides information on creating a water-thrifty landscape through selecting plants adapted to local precipitation patterns, using alternatives to drinking water for irrigation such as rainwater collection, graywater, and air conditioning condensate, and employing efficient irrigation techniques. It discusses selecting drought-tolerant native plants, limiting lawn areas, using mulches to retain soil moisture, and harvesting rainwater through rain barrels or cisterns. The document recommends irrigating only when needed, using a rain gauge or soil moisture probe to determine when to water, and employing drip irrigation or soaker hoses to apply water slowly and directly to plant roots.
Rain Gardens: Stormwater Management in your BackyardSotirakou964
This document summarizes a regional project called "Rain Gardens: Stormwater Management in your Backyard". The project integrates research, education, and extension to promote the use of rain gardens for stormwater management. It began as a course for New Jersey Master Gardeners and has since expanded to other states and territories. The project provides lectures on stormwater issues, BMP design and construction, and monitoring. It also supports research on pollutant removal and community education programs. The goal is to expand rain garden use and disconnect impervious surfaces to improve water quality through stormwater management.
Indonesia Water Supply and Sanitation Magazine. 'PERCIK' Vol 5 August 2004Oswar Mungkasa
This issue of Percik magazine focuses on solid waste as its main feature. Solid waste continues to be a persistent problem in Indonesia despite widespread discussion of cleanliness and health issues. It requires a systematic approach and commitment from all stakeholders, rather than just technical solutions or funding alone. The magazine presents several articles on solid waste management from various experts and practitioners to contribute to common knowledge on waste materials. It also highlights the story of a woman in Jakarta who successfully managed waste in her neighborhood, transforming the area into a green and tourist-friendly place through her perseverance.
The document summarizes Sustank, a modular rainwater harvesting system. Sustank comes in 3 packages - Pebble, Oceania, and Poseidon - with varying features. It collects rainwater, filters it for use, and can monitor water levels, consumption, and share data. Sustank aims to provide a sustainable water source and reduce utility costs through rainwater capture and reuse.
Munch and Crunch Garden: Raised Bed Edible Garden - Kids Grow GardenFaizah68w
This document provides information and resources for creating a "Munch and Crunch Garden" - an edible garden for students aged 9-10 years old. It outlines 7 steps to create the garden, including organizing a team, selecting a site, designing the garden, laying out the design, building structures, preparing the soil, and planting. For each step, it lists specific activities and the learning opportunities they provide for students, such as mapping skills, planning, calculating materials needed, and learning about plant growth. Resources included cover garden design, construction, tools, waterwise gardening, safety, and a planting guide. The goal is for students to learn about food sources, nutrition, sustainability, and experience the satisfaction of growing their
ND: Living Landscapes - A Guide to Native PlantScapingSotirakou964
This document provides an overview of native landscaping principles and practices for North Dakota. It discusses why native landscaping is important as it provides an attractive landscape using less water and maintenance. It also covers planning, design, site preparation, choosing grasses and wildflowers, trees and shrubs, water conservation, maintenance, plant protection, planning for wildlife, rain gardens, and energy conservation. The benefits of native landscaping include lower costs, enhanced wildlife habitat, reduced water and chemical usage, and increased drought tolerance of plantings.
Here are some tips for solving common compost problems:
- Not heating up? It may need more nitrogen. Add grass clippings, manure or other nitrogen-rich materials. Turn it more frequently to add oxygen.
- Smelling bad? It's too wet and not getting enough air. Turn it more often and add dry materials like leaves or shredded paper. Make sure it has good drainage.
- Taking a long time to break down? It may be too coarse or dry. Chop or shred materials smaller. Add water if dry. Turn it regularly to aerate.
- Attracting flies? It's too wet and slimy. Turn it to aerate and add dry materials like leaves
Start New Plants of Right: Smart Watering Will Make A Big DifferenceDanousis85z
Deeper, less frequent watering will help establish healthier plant roots and make plants more resilient to stress. When first planting, water deeply daily or every other day for the first week to establish new roots in the soil. Week two onward, water two to three times per week unless conditions are very hot and dry. After the first year, water deeply once or twice per week depending on soil and conditions, allowing the top soil to dry between waterings to encourage deep root growth. Proper planting and watering should make plants self-sufficient after three years in most cases.
Global Software Consulting provides web development and consulting services. It has launched several successful websites and startups in areas like news, jobs, real estate, and healthcare. The company aims to launch more projects and expand its operations globally through partnerships and new business divisions. It emphasizes training and developing young entrepreneurs to lead its growing portfolio of companies and services.
Only in battlefield” how user generated video took center stage in the battle...Mary Chan
Using Battlefield as an example, this talk will: examine the importance of user-generated video content in today’s games landscape, identify some ways in which to work well with Youtubers and Streamers from both development and marketing points of view, as well as highlight some of the key pitfalls to avoid.
Species Selection: Beautiful, Easy Care, Water Wise Plants - Canberra, AustraliaDanousis85z
The document discusses plant species available from Provincial Nurseries that are drought tolerant and low water use. It describes native and ornamental grasses, sedges, rushes, lilies, shrubs, and wetland plants suitable for commercial and residential landscaping. The plants are grown using sustainable practices and come in various container sizes for ordering. Provincial can also provide full landscaping design and installation services.
The Drought Tolerant Garden - Monterey, CaliforniaDanousis85z
This document provides an overview of designing a drought tolerant garden, focusing on site analysis. It discusses why creating a drought tolerant garden is important for water conservation. The first part of site analysis involves assessing the regional climate zone and microclimates, including factors like exposure, sun/shade areas, prevailing winds, and effects of elevation. The second part of site analysis involves examining the soil type and topography of the land, such as slopes, drainage issues, and where water pools. Thorough site analysis of the climate, microclimates, soil and topography is critical for matching plants to the site so they will thrive with minimal supplemental watering.
Strategies for Eliminating Irrigation Overspray and Runoff - Santa Monica, Ca...Danousis85z
This document provides strategies for eliminating irrigation overspray and runoff in landscaping. It discusses converting spray systems to drip irrigation, using permeable groundcovers, and installing buffers. For runoff, it recommends adjusting application rates and amounts using techniques like aerating soil or installing weather-sensitive controllers. Resources for different irrigation products and controllers are also listed.
This document provides information about sustainable gardening practices in the City of Stonnington. It discusses sustainable garden design principles, plant selection with an emphasis on local indigenous plants, and other topics like composting, water conservation, and avoiding pesticides and herbicides. A Stonnington Local Plant Guide is included that lists suitable native plant species with details about their requirements, features, and habitat value for wildlife. The document aims to educate and inspire residents to create low-impact, wildlife-friendly gardens.
The Backyard Water Resources Guide - ConnecticutDanousis85z
This document is a guide for homeowners on protecting backyard water resources such as wetlands, ponds, streams, and estuaries. It provides simple practices for maintaining septic systems, reducing hazardous household products, improving drainage and controlling runoff on properties. The guide emphasizes that individual actions can impact larger water resources as all properties are part of watersheds that drain to rivers, sounds and oceans. Adopting the practices in the guide helps protect water quality in backyards and downstream.
A How to Guide for Creating Your Own Easy Care Garden - Clarence City, TasmaniaAliki85w
1) Mulch protects the soil from erosion, adds nutrients, and reduces weeds by blocking light. Effective mulches are 5-15cm thick.
2) Composting takes 2-6 months and involves layering green and brown materials and turning the pile regularly. Mature compost is dark and crumbly.
3) Involving children in all aspects of the garden and cooking encourages learning.
Water Wise Guide to Landscaping - South AfricaKaila694m
Rand Water has promoted the development of Water Wise landscapes that conserve water. This guide outlines the basic principles of creating Water Wise landscapes, which include assessing the site, planning appropriately, and designing according to principles such as hydrozoning plants based on their water needs. Landscaping professionals are now aware of the need for Water Wise design given South Africa's water constraints.
Smart Gardens for A Dry Climate - Coliban, AustraliaFinola87v
tolerant plants to
This document provides guidance on designing and maintaining a waterwise garden in a dry climate. It recommends reducing lawn areas, removing unsuccessful lawn, and dividing the garden into watering zones. Understanding your site conditions like soil, sunlight, and drainage can help you select and place plants appropriately. With careful design and plant selection, waterwise gardens can be as interesting and colorful as desired while using less water.
Waterwise Gardening: A Guide for British Columbia's Lower Mainland - Metro Va...Fiorella58v
Water conservation is important in the Lower Mainland due to limited water storage and population growth increasing demand. The summer months see lawn sprinkling restrictions to ensure sufficient water. Waterwise gardening uses drought-resistant plants well-suited to the local wet-winter/dry-summer climate that need less watering once established. Careful planning of plant groupings according to water needs and site conditions helps create sustainable gardens.
Xeriscape Gardening - Goulburn Valley Water, AustraliaEric851q
This document provides information about xeriscape gardening principles and practices for water-efficient landscaping. It discusses the seven principles of xeriscape gardening including proper planning, soil preparation, use of mulch, grouping plants by water needs, and efficient watering techniques. It also provides a list of locally indigenous plants suitable for low water use gardens in the Goulburn Valley region of Australia, including trees, shrubs, ground covers, and grasses. It notes that a water conservation garden has been established at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Melbourne to teach visitors about water-efficient landscaping.
Xeriscape Gardening in Goulburn Valley, AustraliaEric851q
This document provides information about xeriscape gardening principles and practices for water-efficient landscaping. It discusses the seven principles of xeriscape gardening including proper planning, soil preparation, use of mulch, grouping plants by water needs, and efficient watering techniques. It also provides a list of locally indigenous plants suitable for low water use gardens in the Goulburn Valley region of Australia, including trees, shrubs, ground covers, and grasses. It notes that a water conservation garden has been established at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Melbourne to teach visitors about water-efficient landscaping.
Water-Wise Coastal Gardens: A Planting Guide - Sustainable AustraliaKaila694m
This planting guide provides advice for coastal gardens in Adelaide and beyond. It suggests using water-wise local native plants as attractive replacements for introduced plants that harm coastal landscapes. The guide shows how to design different garden styles like formal, Japanese, and contemporary using resilient coastal plants. It discusses specific plant species to use or avoid and provides tips for growing and sourcing local coastal plants.
This document provides guidance on how to carry out a water audit and develop a waterwise action plan for a farm. It explains the five steps to take: 1) identify current water usage and costs, 2) conduct an inventory of water sources and uses, 3) calculate expected water usage, 4) identify opportunities to improve water efficiency, and 5) create an action plan. Key activities include recording water bills, abstraction licenses, livestock numbers, and mapping water infrastructure. Conducting regular meter readings can help identify leaks or other issues. Considering all costs of water beyond the bill can provide motivation to reduce usage. Developing an action plan with efficiency actions tailored to the specific farm will help save both water and money.
Coastal Gardens: A Planting Guide for Kangaroo IslandKardatou54a
This planting guide provides advice for coastal gardens on Kangaroo Island, suggesting water-wise local native plants as alternatives to introduced species. It discusses the benefits of local plants, which are well-adapted to the harsh coastal conditions. The guide outlines various garden designs and provides information on specific plant species that can tolerate coastal exposure or require some protection, along with their characteristics and growing needs. It also identifies common garden plants that have become invasive weeds.
New Jersey Rain Garden Manual - Part 1
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For more information, Please see websites below:
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Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
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Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
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Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
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Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
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Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
The Waterwise Garden Book - Hastings, AustraliaDanousis85z
This document provides information to help save water in gardens, even established ones, through proper planning and techniques. It discusses designing waterwise gardens that group plants by water needs, preparing soil with organic matter, and choosing drought-tolerant species suitable for the climate. Specific grass, groundcover, shrub and perennial plants are listed with their water requirements to allow efficient watering in zones of like-rated plants.
Mulching Your Garden - Think Water, AustraliaFaizah68w
Mulch is an essential garden tool that provides protective soil covering. It helps conserve water, prevent weeds, cool soil, and improve soil quality when applied and maintained properly. The document discusses different types of mulches and their properties, and provides tips for applying and maintaining mulch effectively. It also summarizes the Think Water, Act Water strategy and water efficiency programs and workshops offered by the ACT government.
CA: Bay-Friendly Rating Manual for Civic and Commerical LandscapesSotirakou964
This document is a manual for using the Bay-Friendly Rating System for civic and commercial landscapes. It provides guidance for landscape professionals and raters to achieve Bay-Friendly rated landscapes. The manual outlines practices grouped by site planning, stormwater management, soil health, materials selection, planting, irrigation, and maintenance. Each practice describes how to implement it, recommendations, how to verify completion, synergies with other practices, and additional resources. The goal is for project teams to review the practices, select which to implement, and understand verification requirements to earn points and achieve a Bay-Friendly rated landscape designation. This provides environmental benefits like reduced water and waste, while offering recognition and helping projects meet other regulatory standards.
7 Basic Steps for Creating Water Efficient LandscapesKama158x
Outdoor water use in the Portland area can double or triple in the summer due to watering lawns and gardens. This increased demand strains limited water storage and supply. By reducing summer water use through water-efficient landscaping practices, utilities can delay costly infrastructure expansions. The document outlines seven steps to create a water-efficient landscape: plan and design, compost and cultivate soil, create functional lawn areas, choose appropriate plants, water wisely, use mulches, and maintain the landscape properly. Proper plant selection, efficient watering methods, soil improvements, and mulching can help landscapes thrive while using less water.
Water Efficiency: An at Home Guide - Water for Tomorrow, Ontario, CanadaFrida85y
The document provides guidance on designing a water efficient landscape. It discusses factors to consider when planning such as how the space will be used, soil type, sunlight conditions, and maintenance preferences. Various groundcover, plant, and container gardening options are outlined that require minimal watering once established. Tips for caring for lawns and gardens with limited water use, such as watering in the morning or evening and installing rain barrels, are also presented.
This document provides instructions for building a rain garden to capture stormwater runoff. It discusses why rain gardens are useful in reducing pollution in waterways and flooding. The summary provides the key steps for creating a successful rain garden:
1. Find the best location near a downspout or other source of stormwater runoff on a gently sloping area.
2. Evaluate the soil texture and drainage to ensure good infiltration.
3. Plan the size and layout of the garden bed, choosing native plants appropriate for the site conditions.
The courtyard garden at the Traditional Olive Mill of Büyükkonuk demonstrates water-wise landscaping (xeriscaping) and highlights how beautiful gardens can coexist with water conservation. Xeriscaping focuses on native, drought-tolerant plants, efficient irrigation, soil improvement, and mulching to minimize water usage. The garden applies seven principles of xeriscaping and features plants important to Cypriot culture and cuisine such as olive trees, grape vines, rosemary, and lemon trees. It provides an attractive, sustainable alternative to traditional gardens while conserving scarce water resources.
This document provides resources for creating a water-efficient landscape in Chula Vista, California. It lists 7 sources of information, such as the city's conservation department, local water districts, landscape architects, and irrigation consultants. It also includes links to websites that provide recommendations on drought-tolerant plants, guidelines on plant water needs, and tools for calculating watering schedules. The overall message is that landscaping can be beautiful while also saving water and protecting the environment through the use of native and low-water plants.
Similar to Sunshine Coast Waterwise Gardening Handbook (18)
This document provides tips and guidance on building healthy soil for gardening. It recommends amending soil with compost or other organic matter before planting to improve soil structure and fertility. Signs of good compost include an earthy smell, dark color, fibrous texture and lack of weeds. The document provides guidelines on how much compost to mix into different soil types and garden beds. Maintaining healthy soil through organic amendments supports soil life and plant health while reducing the need for fertilizers and pesticides.
Southern Nevada Regional Plant List - City of Las VegasDanousis85z
The document provides an acknowledgements section thanking contributors who helped create a regional plant list for Southern Nevada. It includes an introduction explaining the purpose of the list is to provide a single reference of appropriate plants for landscaping projects in the Las Vegas area. The list itself is divided into sections for trees, shrubs, groundcovers, vines and other types of plants. Each plant entry includes the botanical and common names along with attributes to help determine suitability for different landscape situations.
This document provides guidance on designing, building, and maintaining natural landscapes. It discusses choosing plants suited to site conditions, amending soils with compost, mulching, limiting turf areas, designing efficient irrigation, and using integrated pest management. The goal is to create landscapes that require less water, fertilizer, and pesticides while providing wildlife habitat and other benefits.
Sprayed Away: Seven Ways to Reduce Texas’ Outdoor Water UseDanousis85z
Texas is the fastest growing state and faces increasing pressure on its limited water supplies. Outdoor water use, primarily for landscape irrigation, increases dramatically in the summer and accounts for about half of total municipal water usage. Implementing various conservation strategies like improving irrigation systems, incentivizing water-efficient landscaping, enacting watering ordinances, and expanding education programs could reduce outdoor water usage by 25% on average across 18 major Texas cities, saving over 147 million gallons per day. Doing so would benefit both utilities and customers by decreasing costs and better preserving water resources for the future.
1. One of the biggest challenges facing Colorado regarding water resources is living within the limits imposed by our climate while population and the economy grow. This requires balancing water usage with protecting the environment and agriculture.
2. Regarding water conservation, Colorado communities still have potential to reduce per capita water usage, which currently ranges widely from over 300 gallons per capita per day to under 100 gallons.
3. Changing human behavior around water usage takes time, money, and sometimes generational changes. Implementing new policies around land use, development, and agricultural water infrastructure can help drive future water conservation.
Summer Care of the Home Vegetable Garden - Oklahoma State UniversityDanousis85z
This document provides guidance on summer care for home vegetable gardens in Oklahoma. It discusses best practices for watering, weed control, use of mulches, and managing diseases and insects. Proper irrigation is important, applying about 1 inch of water per week. Weeds should be controlled through mulching, hoeing, and hand weeding. Mulches help control weeds and conserve soil moisture. Diseases can be prevented through seed treatment, plant treatments, using resistant varieties, and crop rotation. Insect control involves monitoring plants and using appropriate pesticides when needed. Proper care is needed to maintain healthy, productive gardens.
Summer Smart Water Use: A Guide to Peak Season Water Demand Management - Mass...Danousis85z
This document provides guidance for Massachusetts communities on developing programs to manage peak season water demand. It discusses strategies for public education, water use regulation, conservation pricing, alternative water sources, targeted outreach, and incentives. The strategies are classified as basic, intermediate, or advanced based on their difficulty. The document emphasizes that reducing peak demand requires participation from water suppliers, officials, developers, and the public. It aims to help communities prioritize efforts and operate water systems efficiently while reducing environmental impacts during periods of high water use.
This document provides information about sustainable gardening practices for residents of Frankston City, including garden design, soil care, composting, water conservation, plant selection, and more. It includes checklists for readers to self-assess their sustainable gardening practices. The document was produced by Frankston City Council to educate and encourage more environmentally-friendly gardening. It suggests replacing non-native plants with local species that require less water and chemicals, improving soil health through composting and mulching, capturing rainwater and greywater for irrigation, and designing water-wise gardens. The overall goal is to help local residents garden in a way that benefits the environment and reduces negative impacts on water and other resources.
Sustainable Gardening in the Mildura Region, AustraliaDanousis85z
This document provides information about sustainable gardening practices in the Mildura region. It discusses designing sustainable gardens, composting, caring for soil, no-dig gardens, water-wise gardening techniques, plant selection, and more. The goal is to help residents create beautiful gardens that suit the local climate and soil while minimizing environmental impact. Sustainable gardening practices like using mulch and compost can reduce water and fertilizer needs while improving the health of soils and plants.
1. Growing your own vegetables is healthier, more convenient, and kids enjoy watching them grow.
2. A "no dig" vegetable garden requires low maintenance by building layers of compostable materials like pea straw and manure instead of digging.
3. Growing your own vegetables means they retain more vitamins since they don't lose nutrients during long-distance transport and storage like commercially grown produce.
Sustainable Landscaping Practices - University of WisconsinDanousis85z
Sustainable landscaping practices utilize various best management practices (BMPs) to manage stormwater runoff. BMPs include rain gardens, green roofs, treatment trains (series of BMPs), and wet detention ponds that reduce pollutant loads and peak flows. Environmentally friendly urban landscaping uses native plants adapted to local conditions, reducing maintenance needs while providing habitat and aesthetic benefits. Community gardens embody sustainability through open spaces managed by community members, providing environmental, social, and local food benefits.
Sustainable Landscaping: Resource Efficient Landscapes for Santa Barbara CountyDanousis85z
The document provides guidance on sustainable landscaping for homeowners in Santa Barbara County. It discusses how sustainable landscaping can save homeowners time, money, and resources while creating an attractive landscape. The key aspects of sustainable landscaping covered include reducing lawn areas, using water-efficient native plants, installing efficient irrigation, and planning the landscape to account for site conditions like sunlight and soil type. Implementing sustainable landscaping principles is presented as an environmentally responsible way to beautify homes and businesses while minimizing inputs and outputs.
Sustainable Urban Water Use - University of North CarolinaDanousis85z
The document discusses a conference on sustainable urban water use and conservation planning. It provides an agenda for the day including presentations on using planning tools to project costs and benefits of conservation, driving efficiency through water pricing, and combining price and non-price programs in a new utility business model. The final session will continue the dialogue on these topics in a group discussion.
This document provides tips for sustainably gardening in dry times through water conservation practices. It acknowledges contributors who assisted in producing the publication. The main tips discussed include using mulch, compost, efficient watering techniques, harvesting rainwater, greywater diversion and reuse, choosing drought tolerant plants, and reviewing pot plants. The overall message is that gardens can be maintained with less water through these types of practices.
Tennessee's Native Plant Alternatives to Exotic InvasiveDanousis85z
This brochure lists invasive exotic plants to avoid in Tennessee and provides native plant alternatives. It describes the invasive traits of exotic plants and how they can overwhelm native species. Each exotic plant is listed with its scientific name, origin, ranking for invasiveness, and qualities. Suggested native alternatives are provided along with their characteristics, cultivars if available, and wildlife value. The goal is to promote using native plants that are well-adapted to the local environment rather than invasive exotics.
Texas Wildscapes: Gardening for WildlifeDanousis85z
Wildscapes are designed landscapes that provide wildlife with food, shelter, and water. To create an effective Wildscape, use at least 50% native plants that provide seeds, berries, and nesting materials. Include varying plant heights and densities to create sheltering layers for different wildlife species. Supplement natural resources with artificial features like bird feeders and baths. Maintain your Wildscape according to local regulations and use fire-resistant plants near homes to reduce wildfire risk.
The Gardener's Guide to Global Warming: Challenges and SolutionsDanousis85z
This document provides guidance for gardeners on global warming challenges and solutions. It discusses how global warming poses threats to gardens through more extreme weather, invasive species, and disrupted ecosystems. However, the summary notes that solutions are available if greenhouse gas emissions are reduced. The guide recommends that gardeners take action in their own gardens by using environmentally-friendly practices, in their communities by educating others, and in government by supporting elected officials who address climate change. With collective action, gardeners can help mitigate the worst impacts of global warming.
The Lawn-Chemical Economy and Its Discontents - Ohio State UniversityDanousis85z
This document analyzes the political economy behind the production and use of lawn chemicals in North America. It makes four key arguments:
1) Chemical demand is driven by urban growth and suburban aesthetics that favor expansive lawns. Urban expansion has increased lawn coverage by over 155,000 hectares annually in the US.
2) Aggressive direct sales of chemicals to consumers have been spurred by crises in the chemical industry seeking new markets to replace declining industrial sales.
3) The chemical industry's search for new consumer markets is motivated by declining profit margins in the global chemical trade.
4) Grassroots efforts to ban lawn chemicals represent a challenge to the cultural and economic dominance of high-input
The Many Benefits of Water Wise Gardening in the Dry Okanagan, CanadaDanousis85z
The document discusses the benefits of xeriscaping or water-wise gardening in the Okanagan region of British Columbia. It notes that residential water use for lawns accounts for about 24% of the region's water usage. Xeriscaping can reduce outdoor water usage by 30-100% depending on the design. Benefits include savings on water bills, reducing the need for pesticides and fertilizers, and enhancing drought tolerance and property values. The document provides resources for learning more about xeriscaping principles and examples of xeriscape gardens in the region.
The document advocates for an "Organic Green Revolution" to transition the world's food systems to organic and regenerative agricultural practices. It argues that organic agriculture can feed the world, improve soil health and water quality, mitigate climate change, and be economically sustainable. The industrial Green Revolution has degraded soils and the environment while failing to solve world hunger. Transitioning to organic methods that rebuild soil organic matter could increase yields, make farmers less vulnerable to drought, and provide more nutritious food for all in a sustainable way.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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2. Printed on Harvest Gloss
a recycled paper made from
alternative fibre obtained
from agricultural waste
from the sugar cane industry.
contents
02 PLANNING A WATER EFFICIENT GARDEN
04 MAINTAINING YOUR LAWN
06 IRRIGATION DESIGN & INSTALLATION
08 WATERING
10 IDENTIFY YOUR SOIL TYPE
12 UNDERSTAND & MANAGE YOUR SOIL
14 MULCH & YOUR GARDEN
16 WATERWISE PLANT GUIDE
18 CASE STUDIES
18 MINYAMA
20 POMONA
22 HUNCHY
24 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
WHAT IS A
WATERWISE
GARDEN?
A waterwise garden is designed using a number of water
efficient principals in order to save water. The good news
is waterwise gardens can still be pleasing to the eye and
rewarding for any gardener, whether you’re a beginner or
a true green thumb.
Planting a waterwise garden is one of the most practical
ways to save water and cut down on your household water bill.
In fact, around 40 per cent of the water used by Queensland
households is used in outdoor areas and in the garden.
This handbook is designed to help you develop your own
BY BECOMING A WATERWISE GARDENER YOU ARE NOT ONLY waterwise garden including a step-by-step guide on how
HELPING YOUR LOCAL ENVIRONMENT, YOU ARE ALSO DOING YOUR to create a master plan, tips on the most appropriate plants
PART IN HELPING TO CONSERVE THIS PRECIOUS RESOURCE. and lawns to use and help on how to identify and manage your
soil type.
1
3. Before you begin thinking about plants and materials
PLANNING TIP
you need to develop a master plan.
Start with a map The plan should
Draw a scaled plan of the property detailing the location
of your home, orientation of the sun, existing vegetation
be simple in
and any other structures such as a pool, pond or paths. design, which
Consider site characteristics will ensure easy
Lay a sheet of tracing paper over the base map and detail:
maintenance
• Direction of the views you want to emphasise
• Undesirable views you want to screen
and water-use
• Drainage patterns of the property efficiency.
• Location of any changes in soil type
Incorporate shade into the design
Identify areas where cooling from shade might
benefit and incorporate them into your plan.
Establish water-use zones
Map out your desired water-use zones:
• High-water-use zones are small, highly visible and highly
maintained areas of the landscape
PLANNING A
ANNING
G
water efficient garden
CLEVER PLANNING AND DESIGN IS THE KEY TO ACHIEVING A WATER EFFICIENT • Moderate-water-use zones are the areas with established
GARDEN THAT IS NOT ONLY PRACTICAL BUT ENJOYABLE AS WELL. THE FIRST plants, which require watering only when plants show symptoms
STEP IS TO CONSIDER A FEW SIMPLE QUESTIONS. of moisture stress, such as wilting or changing colour
• WHAT WILL BE THE NEEDS OF YOUR GARDEN? • Low-water-use zones are the areas where the plants
receive no water except natural rainfall
• WHAT ACTIVITIES WILL BE CONDUCTED IN EACH SECTION?
• HOW MUCH SPACE IS NEEDED FOR ACTIVE RECREATION, Develop a Master Plan
A VEGETABLE GARDEN, OR A PATIO? The final step is to pull all the ideas together into a master
• HOW MUCH MAINTENANCE WILL BE REQUIRED? plan. The master plan should incorporate your design scheme,
water management arrangement and definition to the various
spaces in your plan. It is important during this final step to
reflect nature by reducing tight curves and unnecessary
bends which make maintenance and irrigation difficult.
2 3
4. did you know?
DURING TIMES OF LIMITED
RAINFALL, MANY SUBTROPICAL
GRASSES WILL ADAPT BY:
• ROLLING OF LEAF BLADES
• REDUCING CANOPY DENSITY
BY DROPPING LEAVES
• GOING DORMANT (BROWN)
BY CEASING GROWTH
• DEVELOPING A DEEP
ROOT SYSTEM
IT IS POSSIBLE TO HAVE A HEALTHY LAWN AND STILL BE
WATER EFFICIENT AS WELL. BY SELECTING THE RIGHT
TURF GRASS, TRAINING YOUR LAWN AND FOLLOWING
A FEW SIMPLE DO’S AND DON’TS, YOU CAN ENJOY THE
MANY BENEFITS OF HAVING A LAWN ALL YEAR ROUND.
MAINTAINING
your lawn
Do • Keep the mower blades sharp and
The objective in conditioning your lawn for Select turf types suitable for the • Irrigate only when lawn shows signs of properly balanced. A leaf cut by a sharp
dry conditions is to have a good quality lawn South East Queensland climate water stress blade will heal over more quickly and lose
that will survive on little or no irrigation. Don’t • Apply less frequent, long irrigations that less water than a leaf blade shredded by
The following guidelines will assist in • Use turf types suitable for colder climates fully recharge the soil a dull mower blade
achieving a drought-conditioned lawn: such as ryegrass or bent grass Adopt a mowing strategy that encourages Adopt a fertilizer strategy, which enhances
Improve the water storage capacity of soil Do a healthy resilient lawn the drought tolerance of your lawn
Don’t • Plant turf types suitable for subtropical Don’t Don’t
• Compact your soil regions such as blue couch, green couch • Mow at lowest height • Apply excess nitrogen, which encourages
• Use clay based soils as top dress material or soft leaf Buffalo
• Allow mower maintenance to be neglected excessive growth and reduced water savings
Do Train your lawn to live with dry by using old damaged blades Do
• Cultivate your lawn regularly soil conditions Do • Apply ONLY the correct amounts of
• Use a garden fork or lawn aerator to Don’t • Mow at highest height slow release fertilizer as directed by
aerate the soil to depth • Over irrigate—avoid excessive run-off • Adjust the frequency of mowing to the your local garden centre or fertilizer
• Top dress your lawn annually • Apply short daily irrigations growth of the turf product specifications
4 5
5. Make a plan
Draw a detailed plan of your home site on • Once the trenches are completed, lay out
paper showing the areas you wish to water your main and sub-main system as per your
(e.g. gardens, lawn and pot plants) plus irrigation system plan.
details of any infrastructure (position of • Connect mains to sub-mains and test
the house, paths, tap etc). Do not forget that all sections receive water. This will
to include measurements and dimensions. also assist in flushing any blockages from
The plan will be used to determine what the system prior to connection of sprinklers
equipment you will require and will be and drippers.
useful when discussing your needs with • Once testing and flushing is completed,
sales assistants at your local hardware or turn off the water and start installing
irrigation shop. sprinklers and drippers as per the plan.
Research • With all parts installed, again turn on the
Research the latest developments in water and walk through checking for leaks,
home irrigation technology and ask your blockages and that all parts appear to be
supplier about their water efficiency. A working correctly. You can test the flow
water efficiency-rating scheme exists in rate of sprinklers and drippers by using a
Australia (the Smart Approved Water Mark) bucket and stop watch. Check the flow rate
for indoor and outdoor equipment and recommended for that product. If you find
appliances. Check the approved product list any large discrepancies, contact your
irrigation
DESIGN
for some of the best irrigation systems and supplier to discuss possible causes.
equipment available at the Water Services • If all parts are working correctly and
Association of Australia’s website:
www.wsaa.asn.au
Installation
there are no leaks, you may begin filling
in trenches.
Check for leaks
& INSTALLATION Ideally, you should engage the services
of a qualified, certified professional to
It is worthwhile checking for leaks within
your system on a regular basis. Turn
install your system. If you are irrigating off everything that uses water—taps,
below ground a backflow prevention device appliances and irrigation equipment.
CORRECT IRRIGATION DESIGN AND INSTALLATION IS A KEY FACTOR IN ESTABLISHING
is required. However, garden irrigation Look at your water meter. If it is still
AND MAINTAINING A WATERWISE GARDEN. A WATER EFFICIENT IRRIGATION SYSTEM
systems can also be installed by the running you have a leak somewhere on your
MUST APPLY WATER UNIFORMLY TO WHERE IT IS REQUIRED WITHOUT WASTAGE DUE
homeowner: property or in your house and should seek
TO LEAKAGE, WIND DRIFT, DRAINAGE OR EXCESSIVE EVAPORATION.
• Lay out all parts prior to cutting or the assistance of a qualified plumber.
AN AUTOMATED IRRIGATION SYSTEM SHOULD ALSO BE ABLE TO ADJUST TO THE installing to check what you have matches
CONDITIONS AT THE TIME. INCLUDE A SOIL MOISTURE OR RAIN SENSOR, WHICH WILL the irrigation system plan.
STOP WATERING SYSTEMS IF IT BEGINS TO RAIN OR IF THERE IS SUFFICIENT MOISTURE • Once you have confirmed all parts are
IN THE SOIL. correct then start digging any trenches
that are required.
6. WATERWISE TIP
Take note of the weather forecast! If it is
raining or rainfall is predicted, refrain from
watering. Override automated irrigation
systems and let nature do the work.
THERE IS NO REASON WHY YOU CANNOT HAVE A did you know?
BEAUTIFUL GARDEN AND BE WISE WITH YOUR WATER A FORGOTTEN SPRINKLER CAN
USE AS WELL. ALL IT TAKES IS A LITTLE PLANNING WASTE UP TO 1000 LITRES OF
AND CONSIDERATION OF YOUR GARDENS SPECIFIC WATER AN HOUR? TRY AND USE
CIRCUMSTANCES AND NEEDS. AN IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH A
TIMER TO AVOID WATER WASTAGE.
watering The amount of water to apply will vary
according to soil type and rooting depth.
Summer in the table left, we can see that
you only need to run the system for one
The table (left) gives you an idea of how hour each week.
How often should you irrigate your lawn and gardens? much water you will need to apply through It is quite simple to measure the application
In general terms you should only water your garden and your irrigation system to keep your plants rate of your system yourself. Put an empty
lawn when it needs it. The easiest way to know when your healthy. These guidelines are based on the one-litre ice cream container on the ground
garden needs a drink is to look for signs of stress such expected evaporative rate for plants grown where it will catch water from the irrigation
as wilting of leaves, curling of leaf blades or footprints within the South East Queensland region. system. Run the irrigation for 15 minutes,
remaining visible on your lawn. To water correctly you also need to know being careful to time this carefully. After 15
how much water your irrigation system minutes turn off the irrigation system and
Recommended water use in millimetres to apply as needed puts on your garden. The technical term for measure the depth of water in millimetres
Garden Type Summer Autumn Winter Spring this is the “application rate” of your system. with a ruler. If you measure 5 mm then
New Lawn 20 15 5 15
If someone has designed the system for you know your irrigation system applies
you, make sure they tell you the application water at approximately 5 x 4 (four lots of
Established Lawn 10 7 3 10
rate so you know how long to run it for. 15 minutes in one hour) = 20mm per hour.
Flower beds 30 20 10 20
For example if your system applies 10 mm If you are watering an established lawn
New Garden 35 25 15 30
of water each hour and you are watering in summer you will only need to run the
Established Garden 30 20 10 20
an established lawn, using the figures for system for about half an hour each week.
8 9
7. IDENTIFY YOUR
soil type To Start
• Dig up approximately one small handful of
soil from various parts of your garden and
place individual samples in containers or
If the soil barely forms a ball and just
crumbles, that’s sandy soil.
And if the soil holds together but the ball
THERE’S A SIMPLE TEST YOU CAN DO TO DETERMINE THE SOIL TYPE plastic bags. You will need a good handful
is crumbly, you have a loam.
IN YOUR GARDEN. YOU WILL NEED A SHOVEL, SMALL CONTAINERS OR from each location.
PLASTIC BAGS, TAPE MEASURE OR RULER, AND SOME WATER. • Wet the soil gradually and work it in your As a guide, the soil type can be estimated
hand until it forms a ball. from the length of the ribbon as listed below.
• Keep working the ball of soil in your hand
Ribbon Length (mm) Soil Texture Class
until it doesn’t change anymore.
> 50 Clay
• Now slowly squeeze the soil out between
40 – 50 Clay Loam
your thumb and forefinger to form a ribbon
(like a sausage) and measure the length of 25 – 40 Loam
the ribbon if any. 15 – 25 Sandy Loam
5 – 15 Loamy Sand
If you end up with a firm ball shape that you
0 Sand
can bend like plasticine, that’s a clay soil.
10 11
8. UNDERSTAND &
MANAGE YOUR SOIL
NOW THAT YOU HAVE IDENTIFIED THE SOIL TYPES
IN YOUR GARDEN, FOLLOW THESE TIPS TO BETTER
MANAGE YOUR SOIL.
Sandy soil
Clay soil Sandy soils have low moisture and nutrient
Clay soils have advantages and holding capacity. However, they are well
disadvantages. On the positive, clay aerated and are easy to cultivate.
soils are rich in nutrients and they hold Improving sandy soil
water well. However, they are also prone • Cultivate soil to a minimum depth of 300mm.
to compaction, waterlogging, and can Check soil moisture before cultivating.
be sticky when wet and tough when dry. The soil should be moist, not wet.
These problems are made worse if a clay • Add organic matter (compost, mulch,
soil is cultivated when wet. manure) to the soil and incorporate well.
Improving clay soil This may need to be done on a regular
• Cultivate soil to a minimum depth of basis since the climate (high rainfall and
300 mm. Check soil moisture before temperatures) in South East Queensland
cultivating. The soil should be moist, can tend to enhance decomposition.
not wet. • Mulch well (to 100 mm depth), to help it
• Apply 500 grams of gypsum or dolomite retain moisture by preventing evaporation.
per square metre to the soil and As the mulch breaks down, it improves soil
incorporate well. This will assist in structure. Replenish the mulch layer on a
breaking up clay soils, improving structure regular basis to maintain a minimum depth
and the availability of water and nutrients. of 75 mm.
These products should only be applied Loam soil
to moist soil not wet soil. Add sand and The term ‘loam’ covers all the soils between
incorporate. sandy soils and clay soils. Loams are said to
• Dig in plenty of organic material (compost, be the perfect soil for growing plants. It is
mulch, manure), and keep doing this on an unlikely you would find a ‘true loam’ rather a
annual basis. soil halfway between a sandy soil and a clay
• Add a layer of mulch, which will break soil. Loams can be improved and maintained
down and improve your soil structure through addition and incorporation of
(mulch should be at least 75 – 100mm organic matter, such as compost, mulch
thick when settled). and manures.
9. MULCHING TIP
To reduce the rate at which
organic mulch needs to be
replaced, place newspaper
on the ground prior to
laying down the mulch.
Materials available Mulching improves available soil water to the plants
to use include: by minimising evaporation and enhancing infiltration
• Pine Bark of rainfall and irrigation. Mulch also suppresses weeds,
• Hoop Bark reducing the need to manually or chemically remove weeds.
• Wood chip Other benefits of mulching include:
• Sawdust • Increases the soils ability to store water
• Gravel • Improves soil fertility and structure
• Paper • Maintains an even soil temperature
• Cypress Mulch • Can protect against soil erosion
• Grass clippings How much to use?
• Green garden waste Mulch should be evenly spread around the base of the
plant to a thickness of 75 – 100 mm, but not touching the
trunk. Spread too thick, mulch can reduce aeration of the
mulchGARDEN
soil, particularly if it is prone to compaction.
To calculate how much mulch to use, measure the area
to be covered in square metres (width × length). Multiply
this number by the depth required in millimetres and then
& YOUR multiply by 0.001. This gives the amount of mulch required
in cubic metres. For example, to cover an area of 10 m2 at
a depth of 100 mm would take 1 cubic metre.
MULCHING IS PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECT OF When should I replace or replenish the mulch?
IMPROVING WATER EFFICIENCY IN THE AVERAGE GARDEN. Under South East Queensland conditions, fresh mulch
MULCHING IS THE PRACTICE OF SPREADING A MATERIAL, should be added every 6 – 8 months, with fine products
TYPICALLY ORGANIC, AROUND THE BASE OF A PLANT TO replenished more frequently than large wood chips or bark
ACT AS A PROTECTIVE COVER. pieces. Carefully rake fine mulch at least every two months
to prevent compaction.
14 15
10. SUNSHINE COAST
Species Name
waterwise plant guide
Common Name Water Use Height* (m) Flower Bush Food Sandy Soil Clay Soil Full Sun Part Shade Butterflies Bird food
Austromyrtus dulcis Midyim low < .50 a a a a a a
GROUND COVERS
Crinum pedunculatum River Lilly low < 1.0 a a a a a a a
Cymbopogon refractus Barbed-wire Grass low < .50 a a a a
Dianella brevipedunculata Pin Cushion Dianella low < .50 a a a a a a a
Dianella congesta Coastal Dianella low < .50 a a a a a a a
Chrysocephalum apiculatum Yellow Buttons low < .25 a a a a a
Hibbertia vestita Guinea Flower low < .50 a a a a a
Lomandra confertifolia Mat-rush low < .50 a a a a a a
Themeda triandra Kangaroo Grass low < 1.0 a a a a
Viola hederacea Native Violet low < .25 a a a a a a
Backhousia myrtifolia Carroll low < 3.0 a a a a a
SHRUBS
Babingtonia similis Twiggy Myrtle low < 2.0 a a a a a
Banksia aemula Wallum Banksia low < 3.0 a a a a a a
Banksia spinulosa Hairpin Banksia low < 1.5 a a a a a a
Callistemon pachyphyllus Wallum Bottlebrush low < 1.5 a a a a a
Hovea acutifolia Hovea low < 1.5 a a a a a
Melaleuca thymifolia Thyme Honey Myrtle low < 1.0 a a a a
Leptspermum polygalifolium Wild May low < 3.0 a a a a a a a
Pultenaea villosa Bacon and Eggs low < 1.0 a a a a
Xanthorrhoea spp Grasstrees low < 2.0 a a a a a
Banksia integrifolia Honeysuckle Banksia low 4–8 a a a a a a
SMALL TREES
Brachychiton bidwillii Small Kurrajong low 3–6 a a a a a a
Callistemon viminalis Weeping Red Bottlebrush low 4–8 a a a a a
Casuarina littoralis Coastal She-oak low 4–8 a a a a
Cupaniopsis anacardioides Tuckeroo low 4–8 a a a a a a a
Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blueberry Ash low 3–6 a a a a a a
Eucalyptus curtisii Plunket Mallee low 3–6 a a a a a
Rhodamnia argentea Malletwood low 6–8 a a a a a a a
Melaleuca linariifolia Snow in Summer low 4–8 a a a a a a
Petalostigma pubescens Hairy Quinine low 4–8 a a a a a a a
*Average estimate in cultivation
16 17
11. “We believe in enjoying
be
ga
garde
our garden, not being
a slave to it.”
t
Lime trees, herbs, agaves, yuccas, moses-
in-the-basket, mondo grass, palms and bird
of paradise are some of the plants which
thrive in this water efficient garden.
The soil was not particularly fertile and
required quality potting mix, slow-release
fertilizers and watering to boost the
growth of new plants. Once established,
nature was free to take its course.
Minimal use of fertilizers and watering
minyama
helped control the growth rate of plants
and the associated need for pruning
WATERWISE GARDEN and weeding.
CASE STUDY 1 Sue and Graham’s philosophy was to
keep their garden time, effort and water
SUE AND GRAHAM NEEDHAM CREATED A GARDEN efficient so that they could spend their
WHICH BALANCES FUNCTIONALITY, BEAUTY AND time enjoying it.
WATER EFFICIENCY IN A COURTYARD BETWEEN Rainfall in the area supplies most water
TWO BUILDINGS IN MINYAMA. needed to keep the garden flourishing.
A constant watch on weather forecasts
provides a guide for when extra watering
“We love being in our garden, looking at it and watching may be needed to compensate for
it grow,” says Sue. extremely dry conditions.
“It is so easy to care for because of the limited need Plants that require most water are grouped
for watering and it provides an extra living area and together and shaded by the larger palms.
added feature to the modular design we have between The only lawn is in the nature strip.
the houses.” Decorative rocks, timber walkways and a
Shade from the western afternoon sun is provided pond with a re-circulating pump add to the
courtesy of the bushes and house next door and provide a aesthetic appeal of the main courtyard
perfect environment for minimising heat and evaporation, garden and help keep maintenance and
without blocking too much light. water use to a minimum.
18 19
12. “The power and beauty of Mother Nature
make me passionate about stewardship
of the planet. Being able to eat from the
garden is an added bonus.”
LEE ROSTRON’S GARDEN IS AN INSPIRATION. IN THE 25
YEARS SINCE SHE MOVED TO HER 13⁄4 ACRE PROPERTY
IN POMONA, LEE HAS TRANSFORMED IT FROM BARE,
EX-DAIRY LAND INTO A PARADISE FOR ALL SENSES.
pomona
WATERWISE GARDEN CASE STUDY 2
Lee established her grounds one garden bed become mostly self-sufficient. Water
at a time. Cardboard and mulch (hay bales) retention crystals added to the planting
form the foundation of new garden beds. holes maximizes the effect of watering and
“I ensure new garden beds stay moist stands young plants in good stead during
until the cardboard starts to decompose, times of minimal rain.
The fruit, vegetable, herb and bush tucker It is hard to imagine that such a bountiful
plants provide a bounty of organic produce garden requires so little maintenance. otherwise it forms a layer and creates a Although a constant work in progress,
to tempt taste buds. Lee rarely needs to water her garden. desert effect by preventing water from Lee has created a garden that has enabled
She selects species which survive on the reaching the roots.” her to realise her goals for protecting the
The interspersed native plants, rainforest earth and eating organic foods from her
trees and clumping bamboos provide shade local rainfall and plants them in groupings Organic compost keeps the soil sweet and
to maximise shade. encourages worms. Planting of pigeon peas own garden.
and beauty and attract more than 40
species of birds and abundant wildlife. “If a plant dies from a lack of water, after it in new garden beds fixes nitrogen in the soil
has settled in, then I know it is not suitable and provides shade and wind protection for
The gardens are very low-maintenance the young plants.
and only require re-mulching and weeding for my garden or I planted it in the wrong
once a year and a little seasonal pruning place,” says Lee. White oil helps keep pests under control
when needed. Watering is only used in the “I found that by talking to the people I without the use of chemicals or pesticides.
early days of a plant’s establishment and in bought my plants from, often at local Lee found that watering for the first 10
extremely dry conditions. markets, I could determine whether or not to 14 days until new plants take root is
they would be suitable for my garden.” all that was required for her gardens to
13. DURING THE PAST SEVEN YEARS JOAN AND JOHN DILLON “We love to sit on
TURNED THEIR 11 ACRE PROPERTY IN HUNCHY INTO A
WATER-EFFICIENT, LOW MAINTENANCE GARDEN THAT
our verandah with
verand
ATTRACTS MORE THAN 100 SPECIES OF BIRDS. a cup of te and
tea
just watch the birds
chasing on another
one
through th foliage.”
the
The key to a successful, low-maintenance
and water-efficient garden is in the
planning. Joan and John knew what they
wanted to achieve and have stayed with
their original plan, establishing one garden
A range of local native species, including bed at a time.
ginger, some hardy bottlebrush and tea- There is still plenty of area left on this
trees are proving extremely adaptable to property for the Dillons to work their magic.
local conditions. In the meantime they are already reaping
hunchy
WATERWISE GARDEN CASE STUDY 3 Joan selected hardy plants which require the benefits of water and money savings
less water. Most of these species have and abundant birdlife enjoying the fruits of
small leaves with a waxy covering. their labour.
Nectar producing flowers, such as
bottlebrush and paperbark trees are
drawcards for the abundant wildlife.
New garden beds are covered temporarily
Joan used her degree in Agricultural Science and in black plastic to kill existing weeds, then
background in Horticulture to plan a garden which covered in sugar cane and pine bark mulch.
incorporates native plants and fruit and vegetables. Young plants are given approximately 10
“Because we are on tank water here it was imperative litres of water, then rainfall takes over to
that we planted wisely to reduce water usage,” Joan said. keep them flourishing.
“The other benefits of minimal watering is the reduced Joan spends half an hour spot-weeding,
amount of time and money we spend on maintaining four times a year, and only occasionally
our garden.” prunes trees and bushes.
22 23
14. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Queensland Department of
Natural Resources, Mines and Water
For more great information on how to
save water, visit the Department’s
website: www.nrm.qld.gov.au
Our waterwise gardeners:
Sue and Graham Needham
Lee Rostron
Joan and John Dillon
The Sunshine Coast
Waterwise Plant Guide:
Spencer Shaw
The Australian Centre for
Lifestyle Horticulture:
15. The Sunshine Coast Waterwise Gardening Handbook is a
resident’s guide on how to maintain a visually pleasing and
rewarding garden that is also water efficient. Not only
will you learn how to incorporate waterwise principals into
your garden and help save up to 40 per cent of your water
consumption, you will learn how to develop a garden that
is low in maintenance, which suits the climatic conditions
of our region.
A joint initiative by Caloundra City, Maroochy Shire and
Noosa Councils, the Sunshine Coast Waterwise Gardening
Handbook aims to help residents make the most of their
gardens while doing their part to save every drop.
Caloundra City Council Maroochy Shire Council Noosa Council AquaGen Water and
P 5420 8200 P 5475 8501 P 5449 5200 Renewable Energy
www.caloundra.qld.gov.au www.maroochy.qld.gov.au www.noosa.qld.gov.au P 5445 0956
www.aquagen.qld.gov.au